Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Mississauga--StreetsvilleMore information: Ontario [Federal electoral district (2013 Representation Order)] Remove						OntarioMore information: [Province] Remove
	Counts			Rates			Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	116,864	...	...	...	...	...	14,223,942	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	118,301	...	...	...	...	...	13,448,494	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 1.2	...	...	- 1.2	...	...	5.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	37,391	...	...	...	...	...	5,929,250	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	36,491	...	...	...	...	...	5,491,201	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,511.6	...	...	2,511.6	...	...	15.9	...	...	15.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	46.53	...	...	...	...	...	892,411.76	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	116,865	57,650	59,215	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,223,945	6,970,855	7,253,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18,745	9,635	9,110	16.0	16.7	15.4	2,251,795	1,155,630	1,096,160	15.8	16.6	15.1
0 to 4 years	5,005	2,600	2,405	4.3	4.5	4.1	683,515	350,035	333,480	4.8	5.0	4.6
5 to 9 years	6,410	3,265	3,145	5.5	5.7	5.3	764,430	392,380	372,050	5.4	5.6	5.1
10 to 14 years	7,330	3,765	3,560	6.3	6.5	6.0	803,850	413,215	390,635	5.7	5.9	5.4
15 to 64 years	81,475	40,320	41,155	69.7	69.9	69.5	9,334,440	4,616,340	4,718,100	65.6	66.2	65.0
15 to 19 years	8,245	4,365	3,880	7.1	7.6	6.6	801,455	413,485	387,970	5.6	5.9	5.3
20 to 24 years	8,295	4,310	3,985	7.1	7.5	6.7	895,600	465,525	430,075	6.3	6.7	5.9
25 to 29 years	7,580	4,030	3,550	6.5	7.0	6.0	975,400	497,185	478,215	6.9	7.1	6.6
30 to 34 years	6,825	3,405	3,420	5.8	5.9	5.8	981,210	487,465	493,745	6.9	7.0	6.8
35 to 39 years	7,305	3,520	3,780	6.3	6.1	6.4	948,030	463,170	484,860	6.7	6.6	6.7
40 to 44 years	7,710	3,555	4,155	6.6	6.2	7.0	890,160	427,860	462,295	6.3	6.1	6.4
45 to 49 years	8,255	3,880	4,380	7.1	6.7	7.4	894,580	430,580	464,005	6.3	6.2	6.4
50 to 54 years	9,255	4,415	4,840	7.9	7.7	8.2	941,270	455,420	485,845	6.6	6.5	6.7
55 to 59 years	9,830	4,765	5,060	8.4	8.3	8.5	1,040,160	507,700	532,465	7.3	7.3	7.3
60 to 64 years	8,180	4,070	4,110	7.0	7.1	6.9	966,575	467,955	498,625	6.8	6.7	6.9
65 years and over	16,645	7,695	8,945	14.2	13.3	15.1	2,637,710	1,198,880	1,438,825	18.5	17.2	19.8
65 to 69 years	5,760	2,830	2,935	4.9	4.9	5.0	813,215	386,325	426,890	5.7	5.5	5.9
70 to 74 years	4,495	2,155	2,345	3.8	3.7	4.0	691,280	325,435	365,840	4.9	4.7	5.0
75 to 79 years	2,885	1,330	1,555	2.5	2.3	2.6	469,485	217,485	252,000	3.3	3.1	3.5
80 to 84 years	1,795	765	1,030	1.5	1.3	1.7	325,110	143,070	182,045	2.3	2.1	2.5
85 years and over	1,705	620	1,090	1.5	1.1	1.8	338,620	126,565	212,050	2.4	1.8	2.9
85 to 89 years	1,050	415	640	0.9	0.7	1.1	205,480	83,875	121,605	1.4	1.2	1.7
90 to 94 years	505	180	330	0.4	0.3	0.6	101,430	34,715	66,710	0.7	0.5	0.9
95 to 99 years	125	20	105	0.1	0.0	0.2	28,000	7,235	20,770	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,705	745	2,965	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.0	16.7	15.4	16.0	16.7	15.4	15.8	16.6	15.1	15.8	16.6	15.1
15 to 64 years	69.7	69.9	69.5	69.7	69.9	69.5	65.6	66.2	65.0	65.6	66.2	65.0
65 years and over	14.2	13.3	15.1	14.2	13.3	15.1	18.5	17.2	19.8	18.5	17.2	19.8
85 years and over	1.5	1.1	1.8	1.5	1.1	1.8	2.4	1.8	2.9	2.4	1.8	2.9
Average age of the population	40.3	39.3	41.2	40.3	39.3	41.2	41.8	40.7	42.8	41.8	40.7	42.8
Median age of the population	40.8	39.2	42.4	40.8	39.2	42.4	41.6	40.0	42.8	41.6	40.0	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	36,490	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	18,840	...	...	51.6	...	...	2,942,990	...	...	53.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	6,215	...	...	17.0	...	...	303,260	...	...	5.5	...	...
Row house	5,890	...	...	16.1	...	...	505,265	...	...	9.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,025	...	...	2.8	...	...	181,030	...	...	3.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,820	...	...	5.0	...	...	548,785	...	...	10.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	2,685	...	...	7.4	...	...	984,665	...	...	17.9	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.0	...	...	10,220	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	10	...	...	0.0	...	...	14,985	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	36,495	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	4,745	...	...	13.0	...	...	1,452,540	...	...	26.5	...	...
2 persons	9,105	...	...	24.9	...	...	1,798,040	...	...	32.7	...	...
3 persons	7,610	...	...	20.9	...	...	872,480	...	...	15.9	...	...
4 persons	8,870	...	...	24.3	...	...	825,445	...	...	15.0	...	...
5 or more persons	6,155	...	...	16.9	...	...	542,700	...	...	9.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	116,110	57,435	58,675	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,750	6,887,760	7,143,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	98,120	48,015	50,110	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,972,145	5,815,220	6,156,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	58,070	29,020	29,050	59.2	60.4	58.0	6,769,725	3,384,485	3,385,240	56.5	58.2	55.0
Married	54,030	27,015	27,015	55.1	56.3	53.9	5,738,390	2,866,825	2,871,565	47.9	49.3	46.6
Living common-law	4,040	2,010	2,030	4.1	4.2	4.1	1,031,340	517,665	513,670	8.6	8.9	8.3
Living common law - Never married	2,640	1,315	1,330	2.7	2.7	2.7	727,825	366,175	361,650	6.1	6.3	5.9
Living common law - Separated	220	120	100	0.2	0.2	0.2	55,440	29,445	25,995	0.5	0.5	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	1,085	530	555	1.1	1.1	1.1	220,445	110,510	109,935	1.8	1.9	1.8
Living common law - Widowed	95	40	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	27,625	11,535	16,095	0.2	0.2	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	40,050	18,995	21,055	40.8	39.6	42.0	5,202,420	2,430,735	2,771,690	43.5	41.8	45.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	29,890	16,125	13,765	30.5	33.6	27.5	3,515,215	1,885,705	1,629,515	29.4	32.4	26.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,800	690	1,115	1.8	1.4	2.2	333,775	139,675	194,100	2.8	2.4	3.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	4,120	1,370	2,750	4.2	2.9	5.5	695,630	266,865	428,765	5.8	4.6	7.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	4,240	815	3,430	4.3	1.7	6.8	657,800	138,495	519,305	5.5	2.4	8.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	33,135	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,969,670	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	11,740	...	...	35.4	...	...	1,936,595	...	...	48.8	...	...
3 persons	8,485	...	...	25.6	...	...	877,660	...	...	22.1	...	...
4 persons	9,265	...	...	28.0	...	...	811,380	...	...	20.4	...	...
5 or more persons	3,650	...	...	11.0	...	...	344,035	...	...	8.7	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	33,135	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,969,670	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	28,340	...	...	85.5	...	...	3,291,560	...	...	82.9	...	...
Married couples	26,320	...	...	79.4	...	...	2,776,165	...	...	69.9	...	...
With children⁶	18,530	...	...	55.9	...	...	1,571,480	...	...	39.6	...	...
Without children	7,785	...	...	23.5	...	...	1,204,680	...	...	30.3	...	...
Common-law couples	2,020	...	...	6.1	...	...	515,395	...	...	13.0	...	...
With children⁶	905	...	...	2.7	...	...	189,835	...	...	4.8	...	...
Without children	1,115	...	...	3.4	...	...	325,560	...	...	8.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	4,795	...	...	14.5	...	...	678,110	...	...	17.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	3,835	...	...	11.6	...	...	538,450	...	...	13.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	960	...	...	2.9	...	...	139,660	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	116,115	57,440	58,680	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,750	6,887,760	7,143,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	105,295	52,730	52,565	90.7	91.8	89.6	11,601,460	5,741,475	5,859,990	82.7	83.4	82.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	56,680	28,310	28,370	48.8	49.3	48.3	6,583,120	3,292,585	3,290,525	46.9	47.8	46.1
Parents in one-parent families	4,795	955	3,835	4.1	1.7	6.5	678,110	139,660	538,450	4.8	2.0	7.5
Children⁶	43,820	23,460	20,360	37.7	40.8	34.7	4,340,235	2,309,225	2,031,005	30.9	33.5	28.4
In a two-parent family	36,430	19,365	17,060	31.4	33.7	29.1	3,281,460	1,736,630	1,544,825	23.4	25.2	21.6
In a one-parent family	7,395	4,100	3,295	6.4	7.1	5.6	1,058,775	572,595	486,185	7.5	8.3	6.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	10,820	4,705	6,110	9.3	8.2	10.4	2,430,295	1,146,280	1,284,010	17.3	16.6	18.0
Living alone	4,745	2,035	2,710	4.1	3.5	4.6	1,452,540	651,180	801,365	10.4	9.5	11.2
Living with other relatives⁷	3,560	1,210	2,355	3.1	2.1	4.0	388,780	155,465	233,320	2.8	2.3	3.3
Living with non-relatives only	2,510	1,460	1,050	2.2	2.5	1.8	588,970	339,640	249,325	4.2	4.9	3.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	36,490	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	25,890	...	...	71.0	...	...	3,347,195	...	...	61.0	...	...
Couple-family households	22,680	...	...	62.2	...	...	2,841,660	...	...	51.7	...	...
With children⁶	16,000	...	...	43.8	...	...	1,517,365	...	...	27.6	...	...
Without children	6,675	...	...	18.3	...	...	1,324,295	...	...	24.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	3,210	...	...	8.8	...	...	505,535	...	...	9.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	2,985	...	...	8.2	...	...	221,120	...	...	4.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	545	...	...	1.5	...	...	45,215	...	...	0.8	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	1,430	...	...	3.9	...	...	184,430	...	...	3.4	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	900	...	...	2.5	...	...	240,700	...	...	4.4	...	...
One-person households	4,745	...	...	13.0	...	...	1,452,540	...	...	26.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	97,370	47,805	49,565	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,845	5,733,680	6,049,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	92,110	45,125	46,985	94.6	94.4	94.8	11,294,815	5,485,375	5,809,440	95.9	95.7	96.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	49,200	39,200	43,600	49,200	39,200	41,200	46,000	37,200	41,200	46,000	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	92,140	45,140	47,005	94.6	94.4	94.8	11,300,805	5,488,490	5,812,320	95.9	95.7	96.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	43,200	35,600	39,200	43,200	35,600	37,200	41,200	34,000	37,200	41,200	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	82,965	41,640	41,325	85.2	87.1	83.4	10,010,415	4,968,685	5,041,730	85.0	86.7	83.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	47,600	34,000	40,800	47,600	34,000	36,000	43,200	29,800	36,000	43,200	29,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	70,665	36,250	34,415	72.6	75.8	69.4	8,153,180	4,198,670	3,954,510	69.2	73.2	65.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	50,400	39,600	44,800	50,400	39,600	38,000	43,600	32,800	38,000	43,600	32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	82,160	39,815	42,345	84.4	83.3	85.4	10,239,835	4,910,535	5,329,295	86.9	85.6	88.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,240	4,480	7,950	6,240	4,480	7,950	8,900	6,850	10,400	8,900	6,850	10,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,425	3,455	4,960	8.7	7.2	10.0	1,054,225	467,500	586,725	8.9	8.2	9.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,600	5,520	5,640	5,600	5,520	5,640
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	29,170	14,410	14,765	30.0	30.1	29.8	3,327,770	1,623,900	1,703,870	28.2	28.3	28.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	97,400	47,900	49,500	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,820	5,733,360	6,049,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	92,015	45,145	46,870	94.5	94.2	94.7	11,296,770	5,486,720	5,810,050	95.9	95.7	96.0
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,000	65,000	49,240	57,000	65,000	49,240	56,350	64,900	48,280	56,350	64,900	48,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	92,065	45,170	46,895	94.5	94.3	94.7	11,302,690	5,489,710	5,812,980	95.9	95.8	96.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	52,050	41,800	46,800	52,050	41,800	46,280	51,900	41,000	46,280	51,900	41,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	82,910	41,840	41,070	85.1	87.3	83.0	10,011,345	4,970,240	5,041,105	85.0	86.7	83.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,200	62,550	45,680	54,200	62,550	45,680	52,700	62,350	43,240	52,700	62,350	43,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	70,610	36,355	34,255	72.5	75.9	69.2	8,153,185	4,198,665	3,954,515	69.2	73.2	65.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,900	63,750	47,600	55,900	63,750	47,600	52,600	60,500	44,200	52,600	60,500	44,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	82,030	39,825	42,205	84.2	83.1	85.3	10,242,610	4,912,020	5,330,580	86.9	85.7	88.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,170	8,010	10,250	9,170	8,010	10,250	10,640	9,440	11,740	10,640	9,440	11,740
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,180	3,475	4,705	8.4	7.3	9.5	1,052,985	466,380	586,605	8.9	8.1	9.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,310	5,645	6,800	6,310	5,645	6,800	6,640	6,120	7,060	6,640	6,120	7,060
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	29,150	14,470	14,680	29.9	30.2	29.7	3,321,155	1,619,825	1,701,335	28.2	28.3	28.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,310	9,190	9,420	9,310	9,190	9,420	9,300	9,150	9,450	9,300	9,150	9,450
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	97,400	47,900	49,500	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,825	5,733,365	6,049,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	36,840	20,495	16,340	37.8	42.8	33.0	3,865,695	2,145,810	1,719,885	32.8	37.4	28.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	71,000	77,500	65,500	71,000	77,500	65,500	67,000	72,000	61,600	67,000	72,000	61,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	83,400	91,100	73,800	83,400	91,100	73,800	82,400	90,700	72,000	82,400	90,700	72,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	25,305	11,735	13,570	26.0	24.5	27.4	3,112,160	1,451,440	1,660,720	26.4	25.3	27.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,400	18,800	16,200	17,400	18,800	16,200	17,400	19,400	16,000	17,400	19,400	16,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,360	31,720	25,460	28,360	31,720	25,460	28,520	32,760	24,820	28,520	32,760	24,820
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	85.6	89.2	81.2	85.6	89.2	81.2	82.8	87.0	77.8	82.8	87.0	77.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	75.2	79.0	70.6	75.2	79.0	70.6	67.4	71.4	62.3	67.4	71.4	62.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	14.3	10.9	18.8	14.3	10.9	18.8	17.1	13.0	22.3	17.1	13.0	22.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.4	1.0	0.7	1.4	1.1	0.8	1.5	1.1	0.8	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.7	4.9	6.9	5.7	4.9	6.9	5.5	4.5	6.7	5.5	4.5	6.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.2	4.5	6.0	5.2	4.5	6.0	4.9	4.2	5.7	4.9	4.2	5.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	97,370	47,805	49,570	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,845	5,733,685	6,049,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	5,265	2,680	2,580	5.4	5.6	5.2	488,030	248,310	239,725	4.1	4.3	4.0
With total income	92,110	45,125	46,985	94.6	94.4	94.8	11,294,815	5,485,375	5,809,440	95.9	95.7	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,455	4,040	5,415	10.3	9.0	11.5	977,950	423,650	554,300	8.7	7.7	9.5
$10,000 to $19,999	10,585	4,795	5,795	11.5	10.6	12.3	1,383,475	596,755	786,720	12.2	10.9	13.5
$20,000 to $29,999	12,960	5,730	7,225	14.1	12.7	15.4	1,752,040	763,295	988,745	15.5	13.9	17.0
$30,000 to $39,999	9,890	4,445	5,445	10.7	9.9	11.6	1,388,215	609,735	778,480	12.3	11.1	13.4
$40,000 to $49,999	8,640	3,915	4,730	9.4	8.7	10.1	1,190,885	547,655	643,230	10.5	10.0	11.1
$50,000 to $59,999	7,835	3,625	4,205	8.5	8.0	8.9	985,270	468,060	517,205	8.7	8.5	8.9
$60,000 to $69,999	6,580	3,170	3,415	7.1	7.0	7.3	782,980	396,770	386,210	6.9	7.2	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	5,155	2,630	2,525	5.6	5.8	5.4	612,620	331,080	281,545	5.4	6.0	4.8
$80,000 to $89,999	4,190	2,345	1,850	4.5	5.2	3.9	477,445	271,290	206,150	4.2	4.9	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	3,535	2,040	1,495	3.8	4.5	3.2	385,830	218,395	167,435	3.4	4.0	2.9
$100,000 and over	13,285	8,400	4,885	14.4	18.6	10.4	1,358,115	858,695	499,415	12.0	15.7	8.6
$100,000 to $149,999	9,195	5,480	3,715	10.0	12.1	7.9	897,615	538,590	359,025	7.9	9.8	6.2
$150,000 and over	4,090	2,920	1,175	4.4	6.5	2.5	460,495	320,105	140,395	4.1	5.8	2.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	97,370	47,805	49,570	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,845	5,733,685	6,049,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	5,230	2,665	2,565	5.4	5.6	5.2	482,035	245,195	236,845	4.1	4.3	3.9
With after-tax income	92,140	45,135	47,000	94.6	94.4	94.8	11,300,805	5,488,490	5,812,315	95.9	95.7	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,740	4,150	5,590	10.6	9.2	11.9	1,025,995	440,280	585,715	9.1	8.0	10.1
$10,000 to $19,999	11,050	5,035	6,020	12.0	11.2	12.8	1,442,850	625,100	817,750	12.8	11.4	14.1
$20,000 to $29,999	14,480	6,410	8,070	15.7	14.2	17.2	1,967,040	859,195	1,107,840	17.4	15.7	19.1
$30,000 to $39,999	11,730	5,335	6,400	12.7	11.8	13.6	1,621,120	733,430	887,690	14.3	13.4	15.3
$40,000 to $49,999	10,525	4,915	5,605	11.4	10.9	11.9	1,384,490	655,400	729,090	12.3	11.9	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	8,990	4,290	4,695	9.8	9.5	10.0	1,068,365	535,895	532,470	9.5	9.8	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	6,640	3,465	3,175	7.2	7.7	6.8	782,135	422,645	359,495	6.9	7.7	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	5,110	2,875	2,230	5.5	6.4	4.7	572,210	325,895	246,315	5.1	5.9	4.2
$80,000 to $89,999	4,530	2,470	2,060	4.9	5.5	4.4	457,650	249,665	207,980	4.0	4.5	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	2,930	1,755	1,180	3.2	3.9	2.5	280,640	169,480	111,160	2.5	3.1	1.9
$100,000 and over	6,415	4,440	1,975	7.0	9.8	4.2	698,310	471,495	226,815	6.2	8.6	3.9
$100,000 to $124,999	3,450	2,315	1,135	3.7	5.1	2.4	344,450	223,970	120,480	3.0	4.1	2.1
$125,000 and over	2,965	2,120	845	3.2	4.7	1.8	353,860	247,525	106,335	3.1	4.5	1.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	97,370	47,805	49,570	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,845	5,733,685	6,049,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	26,705	11,555	15,155	27.4	24.2	30.6	3,629,670	1,535,015	2,094,650	30.8	26.8	34.6
With employment income	70,670	36,255	34,415	72.6	75.8	69.4	8,153,175	4,198,665	3,954,510	69.2	73.2	65.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,225	4,415	4,815	13.1	12.2	14.0	1,218,885	604,555	614,330	14.9	14.4	15.5
$5,000 to $9,999	5,755	2,600	3,160	8.1	7.2	9.2	688,670	304,845	383,825	8.4	7.3	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	7,300	3,365	3,940	10.3	9.3	11.4	928,840	424,990	503,850	11.4	10.1	12.7
$20,000 to $29,999	5,285	2,485	2,795	7.5	6.9	8.1	696,570	325,510	371,065	8.5	7.8	9.4
$30,000 to $39,999	5,120	2,435	2,680	7.2	6.7	7.8	677,110	320,720	356,390	8.3	7.6	9.0
$40,000 to $49,999	5,690	2,630	3,060	8.1	7.3	8.9	672,005	320,925	351,080	8.2	7.6	8.9
$50,000 to $59,999	5,685	2,720	2,970	8.0	7.5	8.6	611,665	307,370	304,290	7.5	7.3	7.7
$60,000 to $69,999	4,955	2,460	2,490	7.0	6.8	7.2	519,955	278,350	241,605	6.4	6.6	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	3,960	2,120	1,835	5.6	5.8	5.3	419,875	237,375	182,500	5.1	5.7	4.6
$80,000 to $89,999	3,505	2,000	1,505	5.0	5.5	4.4	352,235	207,090	145,150	4.3	4.9	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	3,055	1,800	1,255	4.3	5.0	3.6	316,750	176,135	140,615	3.9	4.2	3.6
$100,000 and over	11,125	7,220	3,905	15.7	19.9	11.3	1,050,620	690,800	359,820	12.9	16.5	9.1
$100,000 to $124,999	5,410	3,120	2,290	7.7	8.6	6.7	489,720	295,720	194,005	6.0	7.0	4.9
$125,000 and over	5,720	4,105	1,615	8.1	11.3	4.7	560,895	395,080	165,810	6.9	9.4	4.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	97,370	47,805	49,565	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,845	5,733,680	6,049,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	89,755	43,875	45,880	92.2	91.8	92.6	11,051,405	5,357,685	5,693,725	93.8	93.4	94.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	48,000	36,800	42,000	48,000	36,800	39,200	44,800	34,400	39,200	44,800	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	89,785	43,880	45,905	92.2	91.8	92.6	11,055,345	5,358,275	5,697,070	93.8	93.5	94.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	42,400	33,600	37,600	42,400	33,600	35,600	40,000	31,600	35,600	40,000	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	81,755	40,970	40,790	84.0	85.7	82.3	9,877,245	4,895,500	4,981,740	83.8	85.4	82.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	48,400	36,400	42,000	48,400	36,400	37,600	44,400	31,800	37,600	44,400	31,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	70,795	36,270	34,525	72.7	75.9	69.7	8,159,090	4,190,670	3,968,420	69.2	73.1	65.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	50,400	40,000	44,800	50,400	40,000	38,800	44,400	34,000	38,800	44,400	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	76,625	37,135	39,495	78.7	77.7	79.7	9,643,335	4,616,005	5,027,335	81.8	80.5	83.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,090	695	2,480	1,090	695	2,480	2,200	1,010	4,920	2,200	1,010	4,920
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,965	1,860	3,105	5.1	3.9	6.3	723,990	308,550	415,450	6.1	5.4	6.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,840	5,280	6,080	5,840	5,280	6,080	5,640	5,360	5,960	5,640	5,360	5,960
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	97,400	47,900	49,500	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,820	5,733,360	6,049,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	89,665	43,885	45,785	92.1	91.6	92.5	11,053,285	5,358,015	5,695,270	93.8	93.5	94.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,600	62,500	47,080	54,600	62,500	47,080	53,800	62,850	45,320	53,800	62,850	45,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	89,685	43,885	45,805	92.1	91.6	92.5	11,057,080	5,358,540	5,698,545	93.8	93.5	94.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,720	50,160	39,520	44,720	50,160	39,520	44,080	50,120	38,400	44,080	50,120	38,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	81,675	41,095	40,580	83.9	85.8	82.0	9,878,270	4,896,015	4,982,255	83.8	85.4	82.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,850	62,900	46,680	54,850	62,900	46,680	53,250	63,150	43,520	53,250	63,150	43,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	70,660	36,245	34,410	72.5	75.7	69.5	8,160,870	4,191,675	3,969,185	69.3	73.1	65.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,800	63,150	48,080	55,800	63,150	48,080	52,700	60,850	44,120	52,700	60,850	44,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	76,650	37,295	39,355	78.7	77.9	79.5	9,644,415	4,616,310	5,028,100	81.9	80.5	83.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,475	4,256	6,630	5,475	4,256	6,630	7,150	5,990	8,210	7,150	5,990	8,210
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,930	1,785	3,145	5.1	3.7	6.4	725,250	308,485	416,760	6.2	5.4	6.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,900	6,680	8,590	7,900	6,680	8,590	7,340	6,410	8,030	7,340	6,410	8,030
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	97,400	47,900	49,500	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,825	5,733,365	6,049,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	36,460	20,270	16,190	37.4	42.3	32.7	3,830,200	2,124,710	1,705,495	32.5	37.1	28.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,000	73,500	60,800	67,000	73,500	60,800	62,800	68,500	56,800	62,800	68,500	56,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	78,800	85,900	69,900	78,800	85,900	69,900	77,800	86,600	66,800	77,800	86,600	66,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	23,750	10,925	12,825	24.4	22.8	25.9	2,925,680	1,365,355	1,560,325	24.8	23.8	25.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000	25,200	22,600	24,000	25,200	22,600	23,600	26,200	21,800	23,600	26,200	21,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,120	39,360	31,520	35,120	39,360	31,520	34,640	39,840	30,040	34,640	39,840	30,040
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.4	94.2	87.8	91.4	94.2	87.8	88.4	91.8	84.0	88.4	91.8	84.0
Employment income (%)	80.6	83.4	76.8	80.6	83.4	76.8	72.4	75.8	67.8	72.4	75.8	67.8
Government transfers (%)	8.6	5.8	12.1	8.6	5.8	12.1	11.6	8.2	16.0	11.6	8.2	16.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.4	1.3	0.8	0.4	1.3	0.9	0.6	1.3	0.9	0.6	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	36,490	...	...	...	...	...	5,491,205	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	126,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,745	...	...	...	...	...	1,452,540	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...	53,200	...	...	43,600	...	...	43,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,400	...	...	46,400	...	...	39,200	...	...	39,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	31,745	...	...	...	...	...	4,038,660	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	137,000	...	...	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	36,475	...	...	...	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	143,800	...	...	143,800	...	...	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	118,200	...	...	118,200	...	...	95,300	...	...	95,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,730	...	...	...	...	...	1,451,915	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	63,650	...	...	63,650	...	...	57,200	...	...	57,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,640	...	...	48,640	...	...	47,320	...	...	47,320	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	31,740	...	...	...	...	...	4,039,285	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	155,800	...	...	155,800	...	...	137,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	128,600	...	...	128,600	...	...	112,500	...	...	112,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	36,490	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	230	...	...	0.6	...	...	61,515	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	80	...	...	0.2	...	...	30,860	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	160	...	...	0.4	...	...	63,360	...	...	1.2	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	250	...	...	0.7	...	...	96,980	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	575	...	...	1.6	...	...	186,250	...	...	3.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	530	...	...	1.5	...	...	168,345	...	...	3.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	530	...	...	1.5	...	...	158,810	...	...	2.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	630	...	...	1.7	...	...	175,890	...	...	3.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	645	...	...	1.8	...	...	182,900	...	...	3.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	725	...	...	2.0	...	...	182,945	...	...	3.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,590	...	...	4.4	...	...	370,350	...	...	6.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,800	...	...	4.9	...	...	364,585	...	...	6.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,795	...	...	4.9	...	...	350,520	...	...	6.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,850	...	...	5.1	...	...	332,395	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,880	...	...	5.2	...	...	310,400	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	23,215	...	...	63.6	...	...	2,455,095	...	...	44.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,865	...	...	13.3	...	...	662,625	...	...	12.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,370	...	...	12.0	...	...	500,495	...	...	9.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	6,565	...	...	18.0	...	...	630,420	...	...	11.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	7,420	...	...	20.3	...	...	661,550	...	...	12.0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	36,490	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	275	...	...	0.8	...	...	69,645	...	...	1.3	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	85	...	...	0.2	...	...	32,100	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	165	...	...	0.5	...	...	65,025	...	...	1.2	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	275	...	...	0.8	...	...	101,865	...	...	1.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	620	...	...	1.7	...	...	197,995	...	...	3.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	590	...	...	1.6	...	...	190,225	...	...	3.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	590	...	...	1.6	...	...	183,505	...	...	3.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	745	...	...	2.0	...	...	204,300	...	...	3.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	785	...	...	2.2	...	...	215,785	...	...	3.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	910	...	...	2.5	...	...	217,105	...	...	4.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,040	...	...	5.6	...	...	440,280	...	...	8.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,145	...	...	5.9	...	...	430,860	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,275	...	...	6.2	...	...	409,865	...	...	7.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,410	...	...	6.6	...	...	385,295	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,390	...	...	6.5	...	...	343,595	...	...	6.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	20,180	...	...	55.3	...	...	2,003,770	...	...	36.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,795	...	...	15.9	...	...	685,485	...	...	12.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,680	...	...	12.8	...	...	472,130	...	...	8.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	9,705	...	...	26.6	...	...	846,155	...	...	15.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	31,350	...	...	...	...	...	3,875,790	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	6,970	...	...	...	...	...	1,361,615	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	19,370	...	...	...	...	...	1,770,030	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	157,000	...	...	157,000	...	...	141,000	...	...	141,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	133,000	...	...	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,030	...	...	...	...	...	610,815	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	7,255	3,495	3,760	...	...	...	2,041,505	990,815	1,050,690	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,000	48,000	44,400	46,000	48,000	44,400	38,800	40,000	38,000	38,800	40,000	38,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,200	42,400	40,000	41,200	42,400	40,000	35,600	36,000	35,200	35,600	36,000	35,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	31,300	...	...	...	...	...	3,873,665	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	154,600	...	...	154,600	...	...	137,200	...	...	137,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,400	...	...	127,400	...	...	112,200	...	...	112,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,835	...	...	...	...	...	1,359,275	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	127,900	...	...	127,900	...	...	119,500	...	...	119,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,800	...	...	103,800	...	...	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	19,370	...	...	...	...	...	1,773,005	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	173,600	...	...	173,600	...	...	168,800	...	...	168,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...	143,000	...	...	136,600	...	...	136,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,060	...	...	...	...	...	607,780	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	104,800	...	...	104,800	...	...	87,100	...	...	87,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	90,400	...	...	90,400	...	...	76,100	...	...	76,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	7,265	3,660	3,615	...	...	...	2,039,230	985,390	1,053,840	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,300	56,100	56,450	56,300	56,100	56,450	51,800	54,250	49,480	51,800	54,250	49,480
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,480	41,600	47,400	44,480	41,600	47,400	43,440	44,880	42,120	43,440	44,880	42,120
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	116,110	57,435	58,675	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,755	6,887,755	7,143,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	23,595	12,230	11,365	20.3	21.3	19.4	2,726,265	1,400,695	1,325,570	19.4	20.3	18.6
0 to 5 years	6,240	3,225	3,010	5.4	5.6	5.1	831,185	425,620	405,560	5.9	6.2	5.7
18 to 64 years	76,575	37,695	38,875	66.0	65.6	66.3	8,795,220	4,328,780	4,466,440	62.7	62.8	62.5
65 years and over	15,940	7,505	8,435	13.7	13.1	14.4	2,510,270	1,158,280	1,351,985	17.9	16.8	18.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,570	3,140	3,430	...	...	...	1,420,525	664,975	755,550	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,685	890	790	...	...	...	314,150	161,695	152,455	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	445	220	220	...	...	...	102,930	52,570	50,360	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,605	1,730	1,880	...	...	...	803,215	385,100	418,120	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,280	515	765	...	...	...	303,160	118,180	184,980	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.7	5.5	5.9	5.7	5.5	5.9	10.1	9.7	10.6	10.1	9.7	10.6
0 to 17 years (%)	7.1	7.3	7.0	7.1	7.3	7.0	11.5	11.5	11.5	11.5	11.5	11.5
0 to 5 years (%)	7.1	6.9	7.4	7.1	6.9	7.4	12.4	12.4	12.4	12.4	12.4	12.4
18 to 64 years (%)	4.7	4.6	4.8	4.7	4.6	4.8	9.1	8.9	9.4	9.1	8.9	9.4
65 years and over (%)	8.0	6.9	9.1	8.0	6.9	9.1	12.1	10.2	13.7	12.1	10.2	13.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	116,115	57,435	58,680	100.0	100.0	100.0	13,977,120	6,860,325	7,116,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	23,595	12,235	11,365	20.3	21.3	19.4	2,709,120	1,391,825	1,317,290	19.4	20.3	18.5
0 to 5 years	6,235	3,225	3,010	5.4	5.6	5.1	825,865	422,885	402,980	5.9	6.2	5.7
18 to 64 years	76,575	37,695	38,880	65.9	65.6	66.3	8,763,785	4,313,030	4,450,755	62.7	62.9	62.5
65 years and over	15,945	7,510	8,435	13.7	13.1	14.4	2,504,220	1,155,470	1,348,745	17.9	16.8	19.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,925	2,020	1,905	...	...	...	738,795	379,035	359,760	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	875	455	415	...	...	...	126,035	64,885	61,150	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	230	110	120	...	...	...	39,415	20,100	19,315	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,620	1,365	1,250	...	...	...	541,410	283,705	257,710	...	...	...
65 years and over	440	195	245	...	...	...	71,350	30,450	40,900	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.4	3.5	3.3	3.4	3.5	3.3	5.3	5.5	5.1	5.3	5.5	5.1
0 to 17 years (%)	3.7	3.7	3.7	3.7	3.7	3.7	4.7	4.7	4.6	4.7	4.7	4.6
0 to 5 years (%)	3.7	3.5	4.0	3.7	3.5	4.0	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.8
18 to 64 years (%)	3.4	3.6	3.2	3.4	3.6	3.2	6.2	6.6	5.8	6.2	6.6	5.8
65 years and over (%)	2.8	2.6	2.9	2.8	2.6	2.9	2.9	2.6	3.0	2.9	2.6	3.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	116,110	57,435	58,675	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,755	6,887,760	7,143,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	39,635	19,415	20,215	34.1	33.8	34.5	6,516,085	3,131,205	3,384,880	46.4	45.5	47.4
In bottom decile	5,915	2,940	2,975	5.1	5.1	5.1	1,318,120	643,165	674,955	9.4	9.3	9.4
In second decile	6,575	3,130	3,445	5.7	5.4	5.9	1,283,940	594,495	689,440	9.2	8.6	9.7
In third decile	7,905	3,825	4,080	6.8	6.7	7.0	1,292,030	618,405	673,625	9.2	9.0	9.4
In fourth decile	8,905	4,440	4,465	7.7	7.7	7.6	1,296,710	628,155	668,555	9.2	9.1	9.4
In fifth decile	10,335	5,085	5,250	8.9	8.9	8.9	1,325,280	646,975	678,300	9.4	9.4	9.5
In top half of the distribution	76,480	38,015	38,460	65.9	66.2	65.5	7,515,670	3,756,555	3,759,115	53.6	54.5	52.6
In sixth decile	11,725	5,750	5,970	10.1	10.0	10.2	1,365,960	672,380	693,580	9.7	9.8	9.7
In seventh decile	13,450	6,670	6,785	11.6	11.6	11.6	1,415,070	700,525	714,550	10.1	10.2	10.0
In eighth decile	15,060	7,535	7,530	13.0	13.1	12.8	1,482,300	739,210	743,095	10.6	10.7	10.4
In ninth decile	18,275	9,020	9,255	15.7	15.7	15.8	1,581,535	794,505	787,030	11.3	11.5	11.0
In top decile	17,965	9,045	8,920	15.5	15.7	15.2	1,670,800	849,940	820,865	11.9	12.3	11.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	116,115	...	...	116,115	...	...	14,031,755	...	...	14,031,755	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.301	...	...	0.301	...	...	0.357	...	...	0.357	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.386	...	...	0.386	...	...	0.470	...	...	0.470	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.262	...	...	0.262	...	...	0.308	...	...	0.308	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	116,445	57,535	58,915	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,099,790	6,917,920	7,181,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	104,580	52,595	51,985	89.8	91.4	88.2	12,196,575	6,083,990	6,112,590	86.5	87.9	85.1
French only	110	45	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	39,310	17,190	22,125	0.3	0.2	0.3
English and French	9,170	3,965	5,200	7.9	6.9	8.8	1,519,365	678,385	840,975	10.8	9.8	11.7
Neither English nor French	2,585	925	1,660	2.2	1.6	2.8	344,545	138,355	206,185	2.4	2.0	2.9
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	116,445	57,535	58,915	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,099,790	6,917,920	7,181,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	111,280	55,405	55,880	95.6	96.3	94.8	13,179,535	6,510,015	6,669,520	93.5	94.1	92.9
French	1,535	730	810	1.3	1.3	1.4	484,425	227,550	256,875	3.4	3.3	3.6
English and French	1,100	505	590	0.9	0.9	1.0	98,270	45,480	52,790	0.7	0.7	0.7
Neither English nor French	2,530	895	1,635	2.2	1.6	2.8	337,560	134,870	202,685	2.4	1.9	2.8
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	116,445	57,535	58,915	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,099,790	6,917,920	7,181,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	106,860	52,815	54,045	91.8	91.8	91.7	13,430,605	6,594,620	6,835,990	95.3	95.3	95.2
Official languages	61,510	30,945	30,565	52.8	53.8	51.9	9,642,770	4,785,140	4,857,635	68.4	69.2	67.6
English	60,215	30,325	29,890	51.7	52.7	50.7	9,179,655	4,566,580	4,613,080	65.1	66.0	64.2
French	1,300	620	675	1.1	1.1	1.1	463,120	218,560	244,550	3.3	3.2	3.4
Non-official languages	45,345	21,865	23,485	38.9	38.0	39.9	3,787,835	1,809,480	1,978,355	26.9	26.2	27.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,475	6,735	7,740	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,545	6,360	7,185	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,815	1,365	1,455	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,800	1,360	1,440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	55	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	550	240	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,975	985	990	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,645	4,955	5,690	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,240	2,015	2,225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,365	2,920	3,445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	130	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,000	2,745	3,250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	510	200	310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	505	195	305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	100	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	75	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	45,345	21,865	23,480	38.9	38.0	39.9	3,773,365	1,802,745	1,970,620	26.8	26.1	27.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	5,015	2,520	2,495	4.3	4.4	4.2	310,765	156,145	154,620	2.2	2.3	2.2
Berber languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	855	480	370	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	315	265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	130	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	635	350	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	315	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	265	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,575	12,405	15,170	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	930	495	440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,540	760	785	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,700	10,945	13,755	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	405	215	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	4,915	2,465	2,445	4.2	4.3	4.2	281,160	142,645	138,515	2.0	2.1	1.9
Amharic	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,490	5,745	6,740	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arabic	4,470	2,260	2,210	3.8	3.9	3.8	214,230	109,870	104,360	1.5	1.6	1.5
Aramaic languages	245	110	130	0.2	0.2	0.2	24,105	11,685	12,420	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	175	80	95	0.2	0.1	0.2	15,665	7,535	8,125	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,480	3,655	3,820	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	960	485	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	970	430	540	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,630	6,255	5,375	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,120	1,950	2,175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,360	6,585	6,775	0.1	0.1	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	130	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,150	510	635	1.0	0.9	1.1	84,300	37,815	46,485	0.6	0.5	0.6
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,065	3,170	3,900	0.1	0.0	0.1
Vietnamese	1,145	510	635	1.0	0.9	1.1	77,085	34,585	42,505	0.5	0.5	0.6
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	60	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	3,280	1,390	1,890	2.8	2.4	3.2	208,395	83,860	124,535	1.5	1.2	1.7
Bikol	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	685	300	385	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,735	1,115	1,625	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,900	2,290	3,615	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	55	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.1	3,775	1,460	2,315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	14,680	5,995	8,680	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	205	90	115	0.2	0.2	0.2	5,440	2,345	3,095	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	375	160	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	115	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	55	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	540	220	325	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,910	875	1,040	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	750	320	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,755	1,165	1,590	2.4	2.0	2.7	168,845	67,675	101,175	1.2	1.0	1.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	590	240	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,710	690	1,020	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	115	50	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	11,690	5,335	6,355	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,160	2,260	2,905	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	435	220	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	115	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	90	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,990	955	1,035	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,690	1,255	1,435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,080	500	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	2,625	1,335	1,290	2.3	2.3	2.2	185,145	93,855	91,285	1.3	1.4	1.3
Kannada	145	60	80	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,335	2,215	2,115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	570	280	290	0.5	0.5	0.5	32,805	17,970	14,835	0.2	0.3	0.2
Tamil	1,490	755	735	1.3	1.3	1.2	126,640	61,665	64,970	0.9	0.9	0.9
Telugu	375	215	165	0.3	0.4	0.3	20,715	11,690	9,030	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tulu	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	415	205	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	105	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,650	890	760	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	480	225	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	26,595	13,015	13,580	22.8	22.6	23.1	2,119,610	1,032,375	1,087,230	15.0	14.9	15.1
Albanian	190	100	90	0.2	0.2	0.2	20,720	10,295	10,425	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	100	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	14,680	7,060	7,620	0.1	0.1	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	4,775	2,250	2,530	4.1	3.9	4.3	377,895	172,690	205,205	2.7	2.5	2.9
Baltic languages	45	15	35	0.0	0.0	0.1	7,425	3,050	4,370	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latvian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,050	1,250	1,800	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,370	1,800	2,570	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	4,730	2,230	2,495	4.1	3.9	4.2	370,475	169,640	200,840	2.6	2.5	2.8
Belarusian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	200	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,565	4,050	4,520	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,060	4,035	5,025	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	100	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	13,620	6,490	7,130	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	2,535	1,195	1,340	2.2	2.1	2.3	106,275	47,780	58,495	0.8	0.7	0.8
Russian	605	270	335	0.5	0.5	0.6	104,310	46,870	57,440	0.7	0.7	0.8
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	105	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	915	450	465	0.8	0.8	0.8	77,145	37,410	39,740	0.5	0.5	0.6
Bosnian	85	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,140	3,495	3,650	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	605	295	315	0.5	0.5	0.5	28,385	13,465	14,925	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	210	105	110	0.2	0.2	0.2	40,465	19,915	20,555	0.3	0.3	0.3
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,160	545	610	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,675	3,910	4,765	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	70	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,520	2,350	3,175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	270	125	145	0.2	0.2	0.2	36,340	16,285	20,055	0.3	0.2	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	150	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	390	405	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	120	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	85	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	140	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	45	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	515	215	300	0.4	0.4	0.5	167,265	78,455	88,810	1.2	1.1	1.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	970	465	505	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	345	140	205	0.3	0.2	0.3	102,915	47,630	55,285	0.7	0.7	0.8
German	345	140	200	0.3	0.2	0.3	89,075	40,865	48,205	0.6	0.6	0.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,895	4,435	4,460	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,390	1,125	1,265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,555	1,200	1,350	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	130	60	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	56,725	27,350	29,375	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,865	1,460	1,405	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	100	45	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	41,240	19,735	21,505	0.3	0.3	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,930	965	970	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	210	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,610	4,275	4,340	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,630	700	930	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,440	2,905	3,530	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,370	1,545	1,830	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	80	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	800	350	445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,090	930	1,160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	105	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	275	140	130	0.2	0.2	0.2	47,970	23,270	24,700	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Iranian languages	13,800	6,955	6,840	11.9	12.1	11.6	884,995	452,190	432,805	6.3	6.5	6.0
Indo-Aryan languages	12,850	6,475	6,375	11.0	11.3	10.8	715,085	367,815	347,270	5.1	5.3	4.8
Assamese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	150	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	570	275	295	0.5	0.5	0.5	54,990	27,905	27,085	0.4	0.4	0.4
Gujarati	1,020	495	525	0.9	0.9	0.9	95,785	50,450	45,340	0.7	0.7	0.6
Hindi	1,860	935	925	1.6	1.6	1.6	87,035	45,590	41,445	0.6	0.7	0.6
Kacchi	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,880	1,760	2,120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	230	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	120	55	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,595	1,260	1,340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	335	170	160	0.3	0.3	0.3	9,460	4,875	4,585	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,430	6,280	6,155	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,325	690	630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	830	445	380	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	490	245	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,475	1,260	1,215	2.1	2.2	2.1	260,075	135,000	125,075	1.8	2.0	1.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	145	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	100	55	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,670	1,375	1,300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	245	115	125	0.2	0.2	0.2	11,040	5,400	5,645	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	5,935	3,005	2,925	5.1	5.2	5.0	170,955	85,745	85,210	1.2	1.2	1.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,760	955	805	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	950	480	465	0.8	0.8	0.8	169,765	84,295	85,470	1.2	1.2	1.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	185	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,120	4,850	4,275	0.1	0.1	0.1
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	180	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	140	70	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,780	6,585	6,195	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian languages	800	405	395	0.7	0.7	0.7	146,700	72,240	74,460	1.0	1.0	1.0
Dari	355	180	175	0.3	0.3	0.3	34,340	16,650	17,685	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian Persian	380	195	185	0.3	0.3	0.3	97,135	47,970	49,165	0.7	0.7	0.7
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	15,230	7,615	7,615	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	495	260	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	85	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	6,940	3,310	3,630	6.0	5.8	6.2	605,070	287,915	317,155	4.3	4.2	4.4
Catalan	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	140	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	1,270	640	625	1.1	1.1	1.1	194,125	92,875	101,255	1.4	1.3	1.4
Portuguese	2,085	990	1,095	1.8	1.7	1.9	153,750	73,670	80,080	1.1	1.1	1.1
Romanian	580	290	290	0.5	0.5	0.5	38,955	18,100	20,850	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	2,995	1,385	1,605	2.6	2.4	2.7	217,245	102,760	114,490	1.5	1.5	1.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	710	370	345	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	105	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	105	40	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,880	4,245	8,635	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	450	215	235	0.4	0.4	0.4	75,220	34,160	41,065	0.5	0.5	0.6
Mongolian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	235	305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	275	140	130	0.2	0.2	0.2	42,470	19,960	22,515	0.3	0.3	0.3
Akan (Twi)	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,325	4,405	4,915	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	100	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,165	475	685	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	485	235	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	480	245	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	510	235	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,195	560	635	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	180	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,385	1,220	1,170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,920	845	1,075	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	825	350	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	55	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	345	180	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	155	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,705	1,225	1,480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,580	710	875	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	195	115	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	85	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,445	3,010	3,440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	240	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,335	3,560	3,775	0.1	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,655	1,710	1,940	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,935	955	985	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	165	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	150	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,125	555	570	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	80	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,775	1,480	1,300	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,360	1,235	1,125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	385	225	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,275	2,440	2,835	4.5	4.2	4.8	632,250	291,600	340,655	4.5	4.2	4.7
Chinese languages	5,250	2,430	2,825	4.5	4.2	4.8	621,980	286,570	335,410	4.4	4.1	4.7
Hakka	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,215	2,860	3,350	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	2,910	1,335	1,575	2.5	2.3	2.7	327,470	150,700	176,770	2.3	2.2	2.5
Min Dong	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,015	525	495	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	130	60	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,290	4,630	5,660	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,190	1,890	2,300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	2,120	985	1,130	1.8	1.7	1.9	267,425	123,440	143,990	1.9	1.8	2.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,080	2,385	2,690	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	140	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,000	4,905	5,095	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burmese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,540	755	790	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	200	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,765	875	895	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,530	755	775	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	115	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,785	2,845	2,940	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	230	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	130	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,265	3,360	4,905	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,570	2,175	2,390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,535	1,120	2,420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	65	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	140	70	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	32,270	17,020	15,250	0.2	0.2	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,870	1,545	1,325	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	115	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	125	65	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	26,740	14,190	12,550	0.2	0.2	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	720	360	360	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,080	520	565	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	610	290	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	200	90	115	0.2	0.2	0.2	42,270	19,005	23,265	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,450	1,510	1,940	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	20	5	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,650	3,210	4,445	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	170	80	90	0.1	0.1	0.2	31,170	14,290	16,875	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	220	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	9,585	4,715	4,865	8.2	8.2	8.3	669,185	323,300	345,885	4.7	4.7	4.8
English and French	530	230	295	0.5	0.4	0.5	96,260	45,030	51,235	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	8,055	4,035	4,020	6.9	7.0	6.8	494,610	242,470	252,140	3.5	3.5	3.5
French and non-official language(s)	170	75	90	0.1	0.1	0.2	15,710	7,085	8,620	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	235	100	140	0.2	0.2	0.2	16,770	7,725	9,045	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	595	280	310	0.5	0.5	0.5	45,835	20,990	24,845	0.3	0.3	0.3
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	116,445	57,535	58,915	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,099,790	6,917,920	7,181,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	62,980	31,570	31,410	54.1	54.9	53.3	9,630,975	4,782,040	4,848,935	68.3	69.1	67.5
French	415	210	205	0.4	0.4	0.3	188,560	89,335	99,230	1.3	1.3	1.4
Non-official language	10,835	5,100	5,740	9.3	8.9	9.7	1,124,950	528,060	596,895	8.0	7.6	8.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,630	1,260	1,375	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10,835	5,100	5,740	9.3	8.9	9.7	1,122,315	526,805	595,515	8.0	7.6	8.3
English and French	1,300	565	740	1.1	1.0	1.3	274,675	124,275	150,400	1.9	1.8	2.1
English and non-official language(s)	38,355	18,980	19,380	32.9	33.0	32.9	2,647,980	1,289,510	1,358,470	18.8	18.6	18.9
French and non-official language(s)	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	14,065	6,055	8,010	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	1,500	655	845	1.3	1.1	1.4	117,430	51,870	65,565	0.8	0.7	0.9
Multiple non-official languages	965	420	550	0.8	0.7	0.9	101,145	46,775	54,370	0.7	0.7	0.8
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	116,445	57,535	58,915	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,099,790	6,917,920	7,181,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	105,530	52,130	53,400	90.6	90.6	90.6	13,384,695	6,573,230	6,811,465	94.9	95.0	94.8
Official languages	80,200	39,895	40,305	68.9	69.3	68.4	11,165,425	5,509,035	5,656,395	79.2	79.6	78.8
English	79,530	39,555	39,970	68.3	68.7	67.8	10,910,560	5,389,445	5,521,125	77.4	77.9	76.9
French	665	340	330	0.6	0.6	0.6	254,870	119,590	135,275	1.8	1.7	1.9
Non-official languages	25,330	12,230	13,095	21.8	21.3	22.2	2,219,265	1,064,195	1,155,070	15.7	15.4	16.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,710	2,820	2,890	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,430	2,695	2,735	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,230	620	605	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,220	620	605	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	50	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,015	530	485	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,185	2,060	2,120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,985	995	985	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,195	1,065	1,125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	50	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,070	1,005	1,065	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	65	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	65	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	30	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	25,330	12,230	13,095	21.8	21.3	22.2	2,213,555	1,061,375	1,152,180	15.7	15.3	16.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,830	1,365	1,470	2.4	2.4	2.5	181,660	88,245	93,420	1.3	1.3	1.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	195	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	115	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	55	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	355	180	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	165	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	125	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,105	7,125	8,980	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	800	440	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	840	385	455	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,230	6,180	8,050	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	115	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	2,780	1,335	1,440	2.4	2.3	2.4	164,590	80,620	83,970	1.2	1.2	1.2
Amharic	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,405	2,865	3,545	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	2,525	1,225	1,300	2.2	2.1	2.2	124,865	61,605	63,260	0.9	0.9	0.9
Aramaic languages	185	80	105	0.2	0.1	0.2	18,120	8,680	9,440	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	120	55	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	11,870	5,645	6,225	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,550	2,685	2,865	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	705	345	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	515	225	290	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,925	2,505	2,415	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	770	350	420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,870	4,335	4,535	0.1	0.1	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	60	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	705	315	390	0.6	0.5	0.7	55,990	25,430	30,560	0.4	0.4	0.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,855	1,705	2,150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	705	315	390	0.6	0.5	0.7	52,080	23,700	28,380	0.4	0.3	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	1,595	745	850	1.4	1.3	1.4	115,225	50,755	64,470	0.8	0.7	0.9
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	115	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,355	600	760	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,140	1,380	1,760	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,960	860	1,100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,105	3,635	4,465	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,990	930	1,055	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	100	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	55	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	15	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	65	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	990	455	535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	115	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,405	660	740	1.2	1.1	1.3	95,635	41,970	53,660	0.7	0.6	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	90	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	785	355	435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	80	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,165	2,705	3,460	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,640	1,115	1,525	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	195	75	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	60	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	60	25	35	0.1	0.0	0.1	1,425	685	735	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,325	565	760	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	420	195	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	1,680	850	830	1.4	1.5	1.4	129,245	64,385	64,855	0.9	0.9	0.9
Kannada	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,165	1,110	1,055	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	320	155	165	0.3	0.3	0.3	20,855	11,325	9,535	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tamil	1,025	510	510	0.9	0.9	0.9	93,165	44,735	48,425	0.7	0.6	0.7
Telugu	240	135	100	0.2	0.2	0.2	12,805	7,095	5,710	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	65	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	55	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,040	570	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	85	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	14,120	6,850	7,265	12.1	11.9	12.3	1,136,460	553,970	582,490	8.1	8.0	8.1
Albanian	85	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,880	4,875	5,005	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,590	4,035	4,545	0.1	0.1	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	2,310	1,100	1,215	2.0	1.9	2.1	181,290	84,870	96,420	1.3	1.2	1.3
Baltic languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,640	700	940	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	225	310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,105	470	630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	2,300	1,100	1,200	2.0	1.9	2.0	179,650	84,175	95,475	1.3	1.2	1.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	70	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	50	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,100	1,955	2,140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,555	1,180	1,375	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	45	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,535	2,590	2,945	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	1,280	605	670	1.1	1.1	1.1	45,800	21,280	24,515	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	410	190	215	0.4	0.3	0.4	66,045	30,625	35,420	0.5	0.4	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	70	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	360	180	185	0.3	0.3	0.3	35,980	17,375	18,610	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bosnian	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,450	1,670	1,780	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	220	110	115	0.2	0.2	0.2	9,990	4,660	5,335	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	105	50	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	22,145	10,850	11,295	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	400	195	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,070	1,470	1,600	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,000	420	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	105	50	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	15,235	7,100	8,135	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	40	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	75	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	40,600	19,895	20,700	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	28,670	14,000	14,665	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,680	10,015	10,670	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,180	3,590	3,590	0.1	0.1	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	280	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	115	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,190	5,540	5,650	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,175	595	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,055	2,000	2,050	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,265	630	640	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	85	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,415	2,185	2,235	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	620	300	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	90	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	310	160	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	75	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	19,065	8,615	10,455	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	8,560	4,230	4,325	7.4	7.4	7.3	601,605	304,195	297,410	4.3	4.4	4.1
Indo-Aryan languages	8,040	3,980	4,065	6.9	6.9	6.9	487,535	248,975	238,560	3.5	3.6	3.3
Assamese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	75	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	325	155	170	0.3	0.3	0.3	34,830	17,260	17,570	0.2	0.2	0.2
Gujarati	605	285	320	0.5	0.5	0.5	63,145	32,735	30,405	0.4	0.5	0.4
Hindi	990	485	510	0.9	0.8	0.9	52,420	27,250	25,175	0.4	0.4	0.4
Kacchi	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,655	725	925	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	65	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	640	295	345	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	225	115	110	0.2	0.2	0.2	4,975	2,540	2,440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	45	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,910	4,555	4,355	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	655	345	310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	420	220	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	125	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,535	780	760	1.3	1.4	1.3	198,670	103,170	95,495	1.4	1.5	1.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	105	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,390	700	690	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	125	60	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,795	2,870	2,925	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	4,060	2,025	2,040	3.5	3.5	3.5	113,020	55,810	57,215	0.8	0.8	0.8
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	930	470	455	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	515	250	265	0.4	0.4	0.4	114,005	55,190	58,815	0.8	0.8	0.8
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	195	105	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,560	2,815	2,740	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	80	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	75	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,670	4,315	4,360	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian languages	440	215	220	0.4	0.4	0.4	99,095	47,705	51,395	0.7	0.7	0.7
Dari	185	95	90	0.2	0.2	0.2	21,150	10,030	11,120	0.2	0.1	0.2
Iranian Persian	205	105	105	0.2	0.2	0.2	67,320	32,510	34,810	0.5	0.5	0.5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,625	5,160	5,465	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	310	170	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,005	1,405	1,605	2.6	2.4	2.7	275,210	127,365	147,850	2.0	1.8	2.1
Catalan	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	50	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	180	75	110	0.2	0.1	0.2	58,670	24,180	34,495	0.4	0.3	0.5
Portuguese	740	355	385	0.6	0.6	0.7	74,745	35,620	39,120	0.5	0.5	0.5
Romanian	300	150	155	0.3	0.3	0.3	17,755	8,280	9,480	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	1,780	820	960	1.5	1.4	1.6	123,690	59,125	64,570	0.9	0.9	0.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	110	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	5,875	2,485	3,390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	305	150	160	0.3	0.3	0.3	53,585	24,865	28,720	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	145	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	80	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	16,065	7,275	8,785	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,370	1,945	2,425	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	105	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	50	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	110	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	70	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	345	160	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	660	330	330	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	775	330	445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	135	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	55	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,375	630	750	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	450	195	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	60	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,775	1,250	1,525	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	80	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,640	1,200	1,435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	400	435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	820	380	440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	55	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	80	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	220	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.0	5,010	2,900	2,115	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	50	30	20	0.0	0.1	0.0	3,920	2,240	1,680	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,035	625	410	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,680	1,755	1,925	3.2	3.1	3.3	469,325	219,365	249,965	3.3	3.2	3.5
Chinese languages	3,660	1,745	1,920	3.1	3.0	3.3	461,870	215,705	246,165	3.3	3.1	3.4
Hakka	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,540	1,170	1,370	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	2,165	1,050	1,115	1.9	1.8	1.9	253,860	120,260	133,600	1.8	1.7	1.9
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	650	310	340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	60	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,890	2,195	2,700	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,765	1,300	1,465	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	1,405	650	750	1.2	1.1	1.3	193,955	88,915	105,040	1.4	1.3	1.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,090	1,495	1,595	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	55	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,310	3,585	3,720	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burmese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	960	460	505	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	305	140	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,275	640	630	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,105	555	550	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	85	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,540	2,245	2,300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	110	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	70	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,995	1,875	2,120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,395	1,145	1,245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,520	700	820	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	35	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	19,965	10,165	9,800	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,445	715	730	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	60	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	17,160	8,770	8,390	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	490	250	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	285	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	125	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	12,465	5,690	6,780	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	485	180	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,140	500	640	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,835	5,000	5,835	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	195	90	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	10,910	5,400	5,510	9.4	9.4	9.4	715,095	344,690	370,405	5.1	5.0	5.2
English and French	310	135	170	0.3	0.2	0.3	59,725	27,005	32,720	0.4	0.4	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	10,210	5,080	5,130	8.8	8.8	8.7	624,265	303,790	320,480	4.4	4.4	4.5
French and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,475	2,810	3,665	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	145	65	85	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,185	5,465	6,715	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	215	105	110	0.2	0.2	0.2	12,445	5,620	6,825	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	116,445	57,535	58,910	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,099,790	6,917,915	7,181,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	82,910	41,165	41,750	71.2	71.5	70.9	11,528,735	5,680,910	5,847,825	81.8	82.1	81.4
English	11,945	5,925	6,015	10.3	10.3	10.2	903,960	442,585	461,380	6.4	6.4	6.4
French	1,225	510	715	1.1	0.9	1.2	189,420	84,900	104,520	1.3	1.2	1.5
Non-official language	15,500	7,545	7,955	13.3	13.1	13.5	1,136,770	544,150	592,620	8.1	7.9	8.3
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,310	4,115	5,190	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	15,500	7,540	7,955	13.3	13.1	13.5	1,127,465	540,035	587,425	8.0	7.8	8.2
English and French	210	90	115	0.2	0.2	0.2	16,580	7,565	9,020	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	1,770	895	875	1.5	1.6	1.5	140,865	70,400	70,470	1.0	1.0	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	675	290	385	0.6	0.5	0.7	52,565	22,740	29,820	0.4	0.3	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,920	1,450	1,465	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	2,175	1,090	1,085	1.9	1.9	1.8	127,975	63,220	64,755	0.9	0.9	0.9
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	116,075	57,480	58,595	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,755	6,887,570	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	113,450	56,590	56,860	97.7	98.5	97.0	13,688,615	6,750,410	6,938,210	97.6	98.0	97.1
English	113,355	56,545	56,815	97.7	98.4	97.0	13,650,230	6,733,550	6,916,680	97.3	97.8	96.8
French	9,295	4,000	5,295	8.0	7.0	9.0	1,550,545	690,530	860,020	11.1	10.0	12.0
Non-official languages	63,040	30,655	32,380	54.3	53.3	55.3	5,058,180	2,428,200	2,629,980	36.0	35.3	36.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	29,850	13,765	16,080	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,775	12,415	14,355	0.2	0.2	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,205	2,540	2,670	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,155	2,520	2,640	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	180	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	70	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,165	510	655	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	50	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	60	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,340	1,685	1,650	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	120	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	105	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,560	9,880	11,680	0.2	0.1	0.2
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	65	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,260	2,945	3,315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,530	7,035	8,500	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,295	510	785	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	80	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	65	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,155	6,465	7,690	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	55	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	65	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	60	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,000	445	550	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	970	425	540	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,625	650	980	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	85	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,220	465	755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	105	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	45	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	45	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	50	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	25	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	125	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	63,020	30,645	32,370	54.3	53.3	55.2	5,029,345	2,414,910	2,614,440	35.8	35.1	36.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,750	3,915	3,835	6.7	6.8	6.5	481,620	242,565	239,050	3.4	3.5	3.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,570	845	725	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	950	490	460	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	475	270	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	125	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,210	1,060	1,140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,005	955	1,045	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	105	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	185	60	120	0.2	0.1	0.2	2,130	1,000	1,130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	145	70	75	0.1	0.1	0.1	41,520	19,095	22,425	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,335	750	585	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,950	1,400	1,550	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	115	50	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	36,825	16,695	20,135	0.3	0.2	0.3
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	815	445	370	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	7,620	3,865	3,755	6.6	6.7	6.4	443,215	225,035	218,175	3.2	3.3	3.1
Amharic	125	80	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	22,815	11,015	11,800	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arabic	7,165	3,645	3,515	6.2	6.3	6.0	342,860	175,790	167,075	2.4	2.6	2.3
Aramaic languages	320	155	160	0.3	0.3	0.3	33,950	16,770	17,175	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	190	95	90	0.2	0.2	0.2	21,640	10,590	11,045	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	11,170	5,565	5,605	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic, n.o.s.	60	25	35	0.1	0.0	0.1	1,685	860	820	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,610	720	890	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	50	30	20	0.0	0.1	0.0	47,380	24,020	23,360	0.3	0.3	0.3
Maltese	140	70	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,055	2,840	3,210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	45	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	19,755	9,645	10,105	0.1	0.1	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	685	410	270	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,365	640	725	1.2	1.1	1.2	115,355	52,805	62,550	0.8	0.8	0.9
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,085	4,540	5,535	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	1,350	630	720	1.2	1.1	1.2	105,800	48,475	57,325	0.8	0.7	0.8
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	100	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	4,620	2,005	2,615	4.0	3.5	4.5	292,100	117,695	174,400	2.1	1.7	2.4
Bikol	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,345	565	785	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,410	1,370	2,040	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	190	75	120	0.2	0.1	0.2	11,100	4,270	6,835	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	110	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	6,435	2,535	3,900	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	140	55	85	0.1	0.1	0.1	26,205	10,300	15,905	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indonesian	310	120	190	0.3	0.2	0.3	8,175	3,680	4,495	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	620	255	365	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	310	130	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	115	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	110	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,370	1,965	2,410	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	65	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,390	1,395	1,990	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,610	650	960	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	4,165	1,810	2,355	3.6	3.1	4.0	271,450	108,415	163,035	1.9	1.6	2.3
Waray-Waray	30	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	1,810	705	1,105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,850	2,845	4,005	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	355	155	200	0.3	0.3	0.3	36,585	16,590	19,990	0.3	0.2	0.3
Haitian Creole	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,220	6,345	7,875	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	50	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	3,385	1,515	1,870	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	650	240	410	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	140	65	80	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,645	2,735	2,910	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	105	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,235	4,450	5,785	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	50	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	4,065	1,960	2,105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	4,540	2,280	2,265	3.9	4.0	3.9	272,060	139,105	132,950	1.9	2.0	1.9
Kannada	490	240	250	0.4	0.4	0.4	12,930	6,720	6,215	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malayalam	1,070	530	545	0.9	0.9	0.9	48,025	26,105	21,915	0.3	0.4	0.3
Tamil	2,785	1,395	1,385	2.4	2.4	2.4	192,890	96,245	96,645	1.4	1.4	1.4
Telugu	790	440	350	0.7	0.8	0.6	38,190	21,290	16,905	0.3	0.3	0.2
Tulu	105	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,225	655	570	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	65	25	40	0.1	0.0	0.1	685	285	395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,170	1,110	1,060	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	280	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	38,895	19,135	19,760	33.5	33.3	33.7	2,941,400	1,441,975	1,499,430	21.0	20.9	21.0
Albanian	330	165	165	0.3	0.3	0.3	26,725	13,445	13,275	0.2	0.2	0.2
Armenian	120	55	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	19,610	9,460	10,150	0.1	0.1	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	5,745	2,775	2,970	4.9	4.8	5.1	470,080	219,210	250,870	3.4	3.2	3.5
Baltic languages	70	20	50	0.1	0.0	0.1	9,715	4,055	5,665	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,215	1,830	2,385	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	45	10	40	0.0	0.0	0.1	5,520	2,240	3,280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5,705	2,765	2,940	4.9	4.8	5.0	462,520	216,100	246,420	3.3	3.1	3.4
Belarusian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,630	685	950	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	55	40	20	0.0	0.1	0.0	11,310	5,545	5,765	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	85	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	13,130	6,040	7,090	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	185	80	105	0.2	0.1	0.2	21,070	10,020	11,045	0.2	0.1	0.2
Polish	3,020	1,475	1,545	2.6	2.6	2.6	134,980	61,800	73,180	1.0	0.9	1.0
Russian	895	415	480	0.8	0.7	0.8	155,340	72,230	83,115	1.1	1.0	1.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	155	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	1,295	665	635	1.1	1.2	1.1	102,885	50,515	52,365	0.7	0.7	0.7
Bosnian	185	105	85	0.2	0.2	0.1	13,895	6,925	6,970	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	960	485	485	0.8	0.8	0.8	48,075	23,410	24,670	0.3	0.3	0.3
Serbian	375	205	165	0.3	0.4	0.3	58,045	28,685	29,355	0.4	0.4	0.4
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	1,850	950	905	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	11,725	5,340	6,385	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	125	55	75	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,235	3,205	4,025	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	390	180	210	0.3	0.3	0.4	58,355	26,140	32,215	0.4	0.4	0.5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	500	255	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,115	2,125	1,990	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,345	1,300	1,045	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	715	330	375	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	810	360	450	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	160	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	1,070	530	535	0.9	0.9	0.9	257,270	123,000	134,270	1.8	1.8	1.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,750	895	855	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	755	370	385	0.7	0.6	0.7	175,485	84,625	90,855	1.3	1.2	1.3
German	740	365	375	0.6	0.6	0.6	158,120	75,990	82,125	1.1	1.1	1.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,370	5,150	5,220	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,485	1,670	1,815	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,100	2,995	3,105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	290	165	125	0.2	0.3	0.2	78,435	37,515	40,920	0.6	0.5	0.6
Afrikaans	105	55	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,255	4,785	4,470	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	175	95	80	0.2	0.2	0.1	55,040	25,820	29,215	0.4	0.4	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,185	1,095	1,095	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	595	275	310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,245	5,150	5,095	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,040	910	1,135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	55	30	25	0.0	0.1	0.0	12,565	5,670	6,895	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,175	2,265	2,905	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	165	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,385	1,175	1,210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,340	2,460	2,885	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	480	255	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	460	260	200	0.4	0.5	0.3	76,320	37,385	38,945	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indo-Iranian languages	21,630	10,810	10,820	18.6	18.8	18.5	1,244,895	639,965	604,930	8.9	9.3	8.5
Indo-Aryan languages	20,625	10,295	10,330	17.8	17.9	17.6	1,049,480	542,040	507,440	7.5	7.9	7.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	725	355	370	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	760	395	370	0.7	0.7	0.6	76,980	39,455	37,525	0.5	0.6	0.5
Gujarati	1,710	860	855	1.5	1.5	1.5	143,240	75,090	68,150	1.0	1.1	1.0
Hindi	8,775	4,310	4,465	7.6	7.5	7.6	436,125	227,165	208,965	3.1	3.3	2.9
Kacchi	120	65	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,140	3,695	4,450	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	55	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	1,085	570	515	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	375	170	205	0.3	0.3	0.3	6,745	3,165	3,585	0.0	0.0	0.1
Marathi	985	480	500	0.8	0.8	0.9	24,775	12,710	12,065	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nepali	70	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	17,110	8,645	8,465	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,545	1,320	1,225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,430	775	655	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,130	560	575	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	4,955	2,575	2,380	4.3	4.5	4.1	397,865	208,905	188,955	2.8	3.0	2.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	155	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	255	140	120	0.2	0.2	0.2	5,595	2,940	2,655	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	395	180	210	0.3	0.3	0.4	21,630	10,975	10,655	0.2	0.2	0.1
Urdu	9,475	4,780	4,695	8.2	8.3	8.0	295,175	149,300	145,875	2.1	2.2	2.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	165	90	75	0.1	0.2	0.1	5,965	3,315	2,650	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	1,285	660	625	1.1	1.1	1.1	210,370	105,605	104,765	1.5	1.5	1.5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	520	285	235	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	50	35	15	0.0	0.1	0.0	13,870	7,530	6,340	0.1	0.1	0.1
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	525	310	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	260	130	130	0.2	0.2	0.2	20,790	10,880	9,910	0.1	0.2	0.1
Persian languages	1,000	510	485	0.9	0.9	0.8	183,830	91,790	92,040	1.3	1.3	1.3
Dari	415	215	210	0.4	0.4	0.4	47,640	23,410	24,235	0.3	0.3	0.3
Iranian Persian	515	270	240	0.4	0.5	0.4	122,305	61,280	61,015	0.9	0.9	0.9
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	16,615	8,475	8,140	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,040	510	535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,300	715	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10,225	4,915	5,310	8.8	8.6	9.1	922,975	437,590	485,385	6.6	6.4	6.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	770	415	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	2,255	1,135	1,115	1.9	2.0	1.9	312,800	149,440	163,360	2.2	2.2	2.3
Portuguese	3,035	1,430	1,610	2.6	2.5	2.7	208,575	101,175	107,390	1.5	1.5	1.5
Romanian	635	330	300	0.5	0.6	0.5	48,315	22,450	25,865	0.3	0.3	0.4
Spanish	4,740	2,240	2,505	4.1	3.9	4.3	401,205	187,785	213,425	2.9	2.7	3.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,355	1,325	1,030	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	45	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	910	510	405	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	240	120	125	0.2	0.2	0.2	30,705	13,895	16,810	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korean	420	190	235	0.4	0.3	0.4	90,475	41,165	49,310	0.6	0.6	0.7
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	745	315	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	825	440	385	0.7	0.8	0.7	106,850	50,070	56,780	0.8	0.7	0.8
Akan (Twi)	95	55	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	17,570	8,065	9,510	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	760	395	365	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,210	1,370	1,835	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,195	610	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,010	530	480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,870	785	1,080	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,760	1,145	1,615	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,080	420	660	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	130	60	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,115	3,985	4,130	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,020	1,705	2,315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,315	3,255	4,065	0.1	0.0	0.1
Luba-Kasai	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,050	480	570	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	135	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	520	265	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	855	380	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,895	2,250	2,650	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,040	1,345	1,695	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	185	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	630	265	365	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	200	120	75	0.2	0.2	0.1	24,360	11,850	12,510	0.2	0.2	0.2
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	260	130	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,495	740	755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	250	120	130	0.2	0.2	0.2	24,375	11,775	12,600	0.2	0.2	0.2
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	140	65	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,825	6,130	6,695	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,210	1,560	1,645	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	470	255	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	260	325	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,155	1,040	1,115	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	415	415	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	225	120	105	0.2	0.2	0.2	18,990	7,515	11,475	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	210	110	100	0.2	0.2	0.2	16,685	6,460	10,225	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	380	155	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,600	1,185	1,420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	6,325	2,995	3,330	5.4	5.2	5.7	747,160	348,570	398,590	5.3	5.1	5.6
Chinese languages	6,325	2,995	3,330	5.4	5.2	5.7	734,190	342,245	391,950	5.2	5.0	5.5
Hakka	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.0	8,760	4,120	4,640	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mandarin	4,095	1,910	2,185	3.5	3.3	3.7	467,415	214,895	252,520	3.3	3.1	3.5
Min Dong	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,450	690	765	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	300	135	165	0.3	0.2	0.3	18,020	8,040	9,985	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,720	3,010	3,710	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yue (Cantonese)	2,840	1,345	1,495	2.4	2.3	2.6	352,135	163,575	188,560	2.5	2.4	2.6
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,200	2,505	2,690	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	515	245	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,135	6,410	6,735	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,570	1,255	1,315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	600	265	330	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,255	1,120	1,135	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,970	1,005	965	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	385	170	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,475	3,675	3,800	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	980	445	540	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	565	250	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,655	5,555	7,105	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,370	3,450	3,915	0.1	0.1	0.1
Thai	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,200	2,485	3,720	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	135	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	285	155	130	0.2	0.3	0.2	52,195	27,335	24,860	0.4	0.4	0.3
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,910	3,215	2,695	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	710	320	395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	275	155	125	0.2	0.3	0.2	44,815	23,570	21,245	0.3	0.3	0.3
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	825	430	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,095	1,040	1,055	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,075	465	610	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	250	150	105	0.2	0.3	0.2	52,025	23,840	28,185	0.4	0.3	0.4
Estonian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,010	1,745	2,260	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,455	4,035	5,420	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	200	125	75	0.2	0.2	0.1	38,690	18,095	20,600	0.3	0.3	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	25	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,145	990	1,155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	116,075	57,480	58,595	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,750	6,887,570	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	740	355	390	0.6	0.6	0.7	406,585	195,100	211,495	2.9	2.8	3.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	700	330	365	0.6	0.6	0.6	389,955	187,485	202,470	2.8	2.7	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	400	195	210	0.3	0.3	0.4	251,030	120,545	130,485	1.8	1.8	1.8
Métis	290	135	155	0.2	0.2	0.3	134,615	64,850	69,765	1.0	0.9	1.0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,310	2,090	2,220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,115	3,225	3,890	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,515	4,385	5,130	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	115,335	57,130	58,210	99.4	99.4	99.3	13,625,165	6,692,470	6,932,695	97.1	97.2	97.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	116,075	57,480	58,595	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,750	6,887,570	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	260	125	140	0.2	0.2	0.2	172,535	82,960	89,580	1.2	1.2	1.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	115,810	57,355	58,455	99.8	99.8	99.8	13,859,215	6,804,610	7,054,605	98.8	98.8	98.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	36,475	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	30,210	...	...	82.8	...	...	3,755,720	...	...	68.4	...	...
Renter	6,265	...	...	17.2	...	...	1,724,970	...	...	31.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	10,510	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	36,475	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	6,145	...	...	16.8	...	...	822,780	...	...	15.0	...	...
Not condominium	30,325	...	...	83.1	...	...	4,668,425	...	...	85.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	36,475	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	90	...	...	0.2	...	...	48,740	...	...	0.9	...	...
1 bedroom	1,850	...	...	5.1	...	...	769,570	...	...	14.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,575	...	...	9.8	...	...	1,205,540	...	...	22.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	15,350	...	...	42.1	...	...	1,918,935	...	...	34.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15,615	...	...	42.8	...	...	1,548,420	...	...	28.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	36,475	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,760	...	...	15.8	...	...	1,579,320	...	...	28.8	...	...
5 rooms	5,455	...	...	15.0	...	...	775,580	...	...	14.1	...	...
6 rooms	6,415	...	...	17.6	...	...	791,100	...	...	14.4	...	...
7 rooms	5,505	...	...	15.1	...	...	708,205	...	...	12.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	13,335	...	...	36.6	...	...	1,636,990	...	...	29.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	36,475	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	35,140	...	...	96.3	...	...	5,328,575	...	...	97.0	...	...
More than one person per room	1,335	...	...	3.7	...	...	162,625	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	36,475	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	33,630	...	...	92.2	...	...	5,122,185	...	...	93.3	...	...
Not suitable	2,845	...	...	7.8	...	...	369,015	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	36,475	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,405	...	...	3.9	...	...	1,247,430	...	...	22.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,905	...	...	24.4	...	...	1,456,110	...	...	26.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	9,110	...	...	25.0	...	...	711,940	...	...	13.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	10,795	...	...	29.6	...	...	644,080	...	...	11.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	4,485	...	...	12.3	...	...	385,045	...	...	7.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,000	...	...	2.7	...	...	348,760	...	...	6.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	565	...	...	1.5	...	...	328,735	...	...	6.0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	205	...	...	0.6	...	...	369,095	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	36,475	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	34,955	...	...	95.8	...	...	5,177,155	...	...	94.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,515	...	...	4.2	...	...	314,050	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	36,475	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	13,790	...	...	37.8	...	...	2,677,880	...	...	48.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	19,655	...	...	53.9	...	...	2,506,110	...	...	45.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	3,020	...	...	8.3	...	...	307,210	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	36,475	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	205	...	...	0.6	...	...	126,385	...	...	2.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,595	...	...	7.1	...	...	727,305	...	...	13.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,350	...	...	17.4	...	...	930,410	...	...	16.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,985	...	...	24.6	...	...	1,013,210	...	...	18.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	10,180	...	...	27.9	...	...	1,149,345	...	...	20.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,340	...	...	14.6	...	...	876,960	...	...	16.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,205	...	...	6.0	...	...	481,250	...	...	8.8	...	...
85 years and over	610	...	...	1.7	...	...	186,330	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	36,325	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,415,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	28,410	...	...	78.2	...	...	4,103,320	...	...	75.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,915	...	...	21.8	...	...	1,312,095	...	...	24.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,255	...	...	20.0	...	...	1,169,040	...	...	21.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	36,475	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	11,155	...	...	30.6	...	...	1,802,285	...	...	32.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	6,945	...	...	19.0	...	...	1,150,405	...	...	20.9	...	...
Not suitable only	2,195	...	...	6.0	...	...	262,900	...	...	4.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	915	...	...	2.5	...	...	201,870	...	...	3.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	490	...	...	1.3	...	...	74,930	...	...	1.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	445	...	...	1.2	...	...	80,990	...	...	1.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	125	...	...	0.3	...	...	25,420	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	0.1	...	...	5,765	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	25,325	...	...	69.4	...	...	3,688,915	...	...	67.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	35,665	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,272,360	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	3,415	...	...	9.6	...	...	639,805	...	...	12.1	...	...
Not in core need	32,245	...	...	90.4	...	...	4,632,550	...	...	87.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30,210	...	...	...	...	...	3,718,255	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	65.9	...	...	65.9	...	...	59.7	...	...	59.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.0	...	...	19.0	...	...	17.7	...	...	17.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,960	...	...	1,960	...	...	1,440	...	...	1,440	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,046	...	...	2,046	...	...	1,700	...	...	1,700	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	920,000	...	...	920,000	...	...	700,000	...	...	700,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,009,000	...	...	1,009,000	...	...	807,000	...	...	807,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,265	...	...	...	...	...	1,722,000	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.6	...	...	9.6	...	...	13.7	...	...	13.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	35.5	...	...	35.5	...	...	38.4	...	...	38.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	25.4	...	...	25.4	...	...	24.9	...	...	24.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,660	...	...	1,660	...	...	1,300	...	...	1,300	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,730	...	...	1,730	...	...	1,408	...	...	1,408	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...	10,510	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	8.7	...	...	8.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	324	...	...	324	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	380	...	...	380	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	116,075	57,480	58,590	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,755	6,887,570	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	175	95	85	0.2	0.2	0.1	169,090	81,790	87,305	1.2	1.2	1.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	175	95	85	0.2	0.2	0.1	166,095	80,470	85,625	1.2	1.2	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	140	70	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	136,445	65,890	70,555	1.0	1.0	1.0
Métis single ancestry	35	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,835	13,715	14,120	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,810	860	955	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,000	1,320	1,675	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,660	1,165	1,495	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	75	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	55	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	875	425	445	0.8	0.7	0.8	351,395	168,170	183,220	2.5	2.4	2.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	835	415	420	0.7	0.7	0.7	342,985	164,410	178,575	2.4	2.4	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	570	300	270	0.5	0.5	0.5	246,415	118,170	128,245	1.8	1.7	1.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	265	120	150	0.2	0.2	0.3	93,245	44,675	48,575	0.7	0.6	0.7
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,325	1,570	1,755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,405	3,760	4,640	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,595	3,465	4,125	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	205	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	80	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	10	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	115,025	56,960	58,065	99.1	99.1	99.1	13,511,270	6,637,605	6,873,660	96.3	96.4	96.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	116,070	57,480	58,595	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,755	6,887,565	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	102,255	50,560	51,690	88.1	88.0	88.2	12,633,260	6,196,980	6,436,280	90.0	90.0	90.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	21,150	10,870	10,290	18.2	18.9	17.6	2,554,125	1,312,480	1,241,645	18.2	19.1	17.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	81,105	39,695	41,410	69.9	69.1	70.7	10,079,140	4,884,505	5,194,635	71.8	70.9	72.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	13,820	6,920	6,900	11.9	12.0	11.8	1,398,490	690,590	707,905	10.0	10.0	9.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	116,070	57,480	58,595	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,755	6,887,565	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	56,940	28,665	28,275	49.1	49.9	48.3	9,437,320	4,691,825	4,745,495	67.3	68.1	66.4
Immigrants⁸¹	56,510	27,350	29,160	48.7	47.6	49.8	4,206,585	1,984,980	2,221,605	30.0	28.8	31.1
Before 1980	8,340	4,060	4,285	7.2	7.1	7.3	860,305	403,270	457,030	6.1	5.9	6.4
1980 to 1990	7,110	3,425	3,685	6.1	6.0	6.3	506,195	241,800	264,390	3.6	3.5	3.7
1991 to 2000	12,450	6,160	6,290	10.7	10.7	10.7	852,765	399,470	453,295	6.1	5.8	6.3
2001 to 2010	15,170	7,225	7,940	13.1	12.6	13.6	941,630	439,390	502,240	6.7	6.4	7.0
2011 to 2021⁸²	13,445	6,480	6,965	11.6	11.3	11.9	1,045,695	501,050	544,645	7.5	7.3	7.6
2011 to 2015	6,545	3,070	3,475	5.6	5.3	5.9	461,010	216,545	244,470	3.3	3.1	3.4
2016 to 2021	6,900	3,410	3,485	5.9	5.9	5.9	584,680	284,505	300,175	4.2	4.1	4.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	2,625	1,465	1,160	2.3	2.5	2.0	387,850	210,765	177,085	2.8	3.1	2.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	56,510	27,350	29,160	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,206,585	1,984,980	2,221,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	5,520	2,815	2,705	9.8	10.3	9.3	375,395	188,360	187,030	8.9	9.5	8.4
5 to 14 years	10,025	5,255	4,770	17.7	19.2	16.4	734,680	369,755	364,925	17.5	18.6	16.4
15 to 24 years	9,505	4,185	5,320	16.8	15.3	18.2	840,165	375,990	464,175	20.0	18.9	20.9
25 to 44 years	26,120	12,635	13,490	46.2	46.2	46.3	1,851,675	869,160	982,515	44.0	43.8	44.2
45 years and over	5,345	2,460	2,880	9.5	9.0	9.9	404,670	181,710	222,955	9.6	9.2	10.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	56,510	27,350	29,160	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,206,585	1,984,980	2,221,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	8,180	3,720	4,465	14.5	13.6	15.3	629,550	280,635	348,910	15.0	14.1	15.7
Brazil	290	145	145	0.5	0.5	0.5	23,125	10,700	12,420	0.5	0.5	0.6
Colombia	690	335	350	1.2	1.2	1.2	32,520	14,630	17,890	0.8	0.7	0.8
El Salvador	200	100	95	0.4	0.4	0.3	21,780	10,575	11,200	0.5	0.5	0.5
Guyana	805	370	440	1.4	1.4	1.5	77,635	34,275	43,360	1.8	1.7	2.0
Haiti	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1	11,375	5,000	6,380	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jamaica	1,755	765	990	3.1	2.8	3.4	122,770	52,770	70,000	2.9	2.7	3.2
Mexico	240	85	160	0.4	0.3	0.5	33,380	15,340	18,040	0.8	0.8	0.8
Peru	305	130	170	0.5	0.5	0.6	11,455	5,025	6,435	0.3	0.3	0.3
Trinidad and Tobago	965	425	535	1.7	1.6	1.8	52,750	23,490	29,260	1.3	1.2	1.3
United States of America	1,085	500	590	1.9	1.8	2.0	111,390	49,035	62,355	2.6	2.5	2.8
Other places of birth in Americas	1,805	840	965	3.2	3.1	3.3	131,370	59,810	71,560	3.1	3.0	3.2
Europe	9,890	4,930	4,960	17.5	18.0	17.0	1,049,725	500,520	549,205	25.0	25.2	24.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	195	100	100	0.3	0.4	0.3	21,150	10,365	10,780	0.5	0.5	0.5
Croatia	380	205	180	0.7	0.7	0.6	24,270	11,860	12,405	0.6	0.6	0.6
France	110	45	65	0.2	0.2	0.2	15,240	7,305	7,930	0.4	0.4	0.4
Germany	295	140	155	0.5	0.5	0.5	54,275	25,665	28,610	1.3	1.3	1.3
Greece	175	95	75	0.3	0.3	0.3	31,650	15,385	16,265	0.8	0.8	0.7
Hungary	95	60	35	0.2	0.2	0.1	18,530	8,555	9,975	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italy	690	375	315	1.2	1.4	1.1	135,640	66,885	68,750	3.2	3.4	3.1
Netherlands	95	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.2	39,490	20,295	19,195	0.9	1.0	0.9
Poland	2,025	965	1,055	3.6	3.5	3.6	88,785	39,620	49,160	2.1	2.0	2.2
Portugal	1,475	765	705	2.6	2.8	2.4	95,490	46,635	48,855	2.3	2.3	2.2
Romania	555	285	270	1.0	1.0	0.9	40,475	18,690	21,780	1.0	0.9	1.0
Russian Federation	305	140	165	0.5	0.5	0.6	44,165	19,010	25,155	1.0	1.0	1.1
Serbia⁸⁶	155	70	85	0.3	0.3	0.3	22,295	10,790	11,505	0.5	0.5	0.5
Ukraine	215	90	125	0.4	0.3	0.4	43,070	19,255	23,820	1.0	1.0	1.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	1,910	980	930	3.4	3.6	3.2	239,485	115,580	123,910	5.7	5.8	5.6
Other places of birth in Europe	1,220	575	650	2.2	2.1	2.2	135,725	64,620	71,100	3.2	3.3	3.2
Africa	4,530	2,255	2,280	8.0	8.2	7.8	287,920	140,080	147,840	6.8	7.1	6.7
Algeria	75	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,355	2,160	2,195	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,220	4,585	5,640	0.2	0.2	0.3
Egypt	1,960	1,005	950	3.5	3.7	3.3	39,345	20,480	18,865	0.9	1.0	0.8
Eritrea	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	14,200	7,255	6,950	0.3	0.4	0.3
Ethiopia	105	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.2	19,415	9,050	10,365	0.5	0.5	0.5
Morocco	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,105	3,805	4,300	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nigeria	510	255	255	0.9	0.9	0.9	37,420	18,840	18,580	0.9	0.9	0.8
Somalia	45	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1	20,335	8,590	11,745	0.5	0.4	0.5
South Africa, Republic of	250	105	145	0.4	0.4	0.5	21,540	10,620	10,915	0.5	0.5	0.5
Other places of birth in Africa	1,445	710	735	2.6	2.6	2.5	112,985	54,690	58,290	2.7	2.8	2.6
Asia	33,800	16,420	17,385	59.8	60.0	59.6	2,225,590	1,056,605	1,168,985	52.9	53.2	52.6
Afghanistan	285	155	130	0.5	0.6	0.4	38,580	19,100	19,480	0.9	1.0	0.9
Iran⁸⁸	420	225	200	0.7	0.8	0.7	103,795	52,260	51,535	2.5	2.6	2.3
Iraq	1,190	615	570	2.1	2.2	2.0	63,255	31,725	31,525	1.5	1.6	1.4
Lebanon	570	255	310	1.0	0.9	1.1	38,170	19,650	18,515	0.9	1.0	0.8
Syria⁸⁹	570	290	285	1.0	1.1	1.0	45,685	22,995	22,695	1.1	1.2	1.0
Turkey	140	75	65	0.2	0.3	0.2	20,795	11,105	9,690	0.5	0.6	0.4
China⁹⁰	2,730	1,275	1,460	4.8	4.7	5.0	355,955	159,035	196,925	8.5	8.0	8.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	1,140	555	585	2.0	2.0	2.0	108,480	50,730	57,750	2.6	2.6	2.6
Korea, South⁹²	345	160	180	0.6	0.6	0.6	62,750	28,690	34,060	1.5	1.4	1.5
Taiwan	255	100	160	0.5	0.4	0.5	18,105	7,825	10,275	0.4	0.4	0.5
Philippines	4,355	1,930	2,425	7.7	7.1	8.3	268,580	109,035	159,545	6.4	5.5	7.2
Viet Nam	1,225	565	660	2.2	2.1	2.3	86,315	39,175	47,140	2.1	2.0	2.1
Bangladesh	335	155	185	0.6	0.6	0.6	46,260	23,520	22,740	1.1	1.2	1.0
India	10,125	4,990	5,140	17.9	18.2	17.6	495,750	249,975	245,780	11.8	12.6	11.1
Pakistan	5,860	3,015	2,845	10.4	11.0	9.8	165,530	83,050	82,475	3.9	4.2	3.7
Sri Lanka	1,010	485	525	1.8	1.8	1.8	112,730	54,625	58,100	2.7	2.8	2.6
Other places of birth in Asia	3,250	1,570	1,680	5.8	5.7	5.8	194,855	94,100	100,750	4.6	4.7	4.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	110	35	75	0.2	0.1	0.3	13,810	7,140	6,670	0.3	0.4	0.3
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	6,900	3,410	3,490	100.0	100.0	100.0	584,680	284,500	300,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	620	275	340	9.0	8.1	9.7	68,450	32,815	35,635	11.7	11.5	11.9
Brazil	65	25	40	0.9	0.7	1.1	8,725	4,095	4,625	1.5	1.4	1.5
Colombia	55	20	30	0.8	0.6	0.9	4,260	1,825	2,440	0.7	0.6	0.8
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,550	705	845	0.3	0.2	0.3
Jamaica	65	30	30	0.9	0.9	0.9	9,970	5,205	4,770	1.7	1.8	1.6
Mexico	40	15	20	0.6	0.4	0.6	5,810	2,740	3,065	1.0	1.0	1.0
United States of America	245	115	130	3.6	3.4	3.7	17,945	8,895	9,045	3.1	3.1	3.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	45	15	25	0.7	0.4	0.7	3,400	1,500	1,900	0.6	0.5	0.6
Other places of birth in Americas	95	35	55	1.4	1.0	1.6	16,795	7,840	8,955	2.9	2.8	3.0
Europe	245	120	125	3.6	3.5	3.6	47,295	23,945	23,345	8.1	8.4	7.8
France	25	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4	3,225	1,665	1,560	0.6	0.6	0.5
Germany	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	1,685	885	795	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,225	1,465	760	0.4	0.5	0.3
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,770	1,040	730	0.3	0.4	0.2
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3	5,150	2,010	3,135	0.9	0.7	1.0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	6,035	2,675	3,360	1.0	0.9	1.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	20	10	0.4	0.6	0.3	8,000	4,820	3,180	1.4	1.7	1.1
Other places of birth in Europe	155	75	75	2.2	2.2	2.1	19,200	9,375	9,830	3.3	3.3	3.3
Africa	645	330	310	9.3	9.7	8.9	64,910	32,295	32,615	11.1	11.4	10.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,130	545	585	0.2	0.2	0.2
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,790	815	970	0.3	0.3	0.3
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,585	750	830	0.3	0.3	0.3
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,275	1,020	1,260	0.4	0.4	0.4
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,085	495	595	0.2	0.2	0.2
Egypt	295	160	140	4.3	4.7	4.0	6,370	3,230	3,145	1.1	1.1	1.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,145	3,795	3,350	1.2	1.3	1.1
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,480	1,595	1,880	0.6	0.6	0.6
Morocco	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3	1,890	910	980	0.3	0.3	0.3
Nigeria	205	110	95	3.0	3.2	2.7	16,570	8,335	8,230	2.8	2.9	2.7
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,345	1,775	1,570	0.6	0.6	0.5
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3	2,915	1,455	1,460	0.5	0.5	0.5
Sudan⁹⁷	35	10	30	0.5	0.3	0.9	2,095	1,075	1,015	0.4	0.4	0.3
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	820	390	430	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other places of birth in Africa	50	35	20	0.7	1.0	0.6	12,405	6,105	6,305	2.1	2.1	2.1
Asia	5,375	2,675	2,700	77.9	78.4	77.4	401,940	194,220	207,725	68.7	68.3	69.2
Afghanistan	60	20	35	0.9	0.6	1.0	7,225	3,550	3,675	1.2	1.2	1.2
Bangladesh	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4	7,710	3,970	3,735	1.3	1.4	1.2
China⁹⁰	280	140	140	4.1	4.1	4.0	54,645	22,895	31,750	9.3	8.0	10.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0	2,620	1,095	1,525	0.4	0.4	0.5
India	2,505	1,280	1,220	36.3	37.5	35.0	139,660	73,185	66,470	23.9	25.7	22.1
Iran⁸⁸	65	35	25	0.9	1.0	0.7	13,215	6,335	6,880	2.3	2.2	2.3
Iraq	200	95	105	2.9	2.8	3.0	12,940	6,415	6,525	2.2	2.3	2.2
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,270	1,175	1,100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,460	345	1,115	0.2	0.1	0.4
Jordan	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0	2,610	1,340	1,270	0.4	0.5	0.4
Korea, South⁹²	30	10	25	0.4	0.3	0.7	6,935	2,855	4,075	1.2	1.0	1.4
Lebanon	55	35	20	0.8	1.0	0.6	4,365	2,185	2,175	0.7	0.8	0.7
Nepal	25	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.4	2,445	1,240	1,200	0.4	0.4	0.4
Pakistan	775	380	395	11.2	11.1	11.3	23,970	11,805	12,170	4.1	4.1	4.1
Philippines	425	200	220	6.2	5.9	6.3	45,235	19,170	26,070	7.7	6.7	8.7
Saudi Arabia	115	45	70	1.7	1.3	2.0	6,110	3,300	2,805	1.0	1.2	0.9
Sri Lanka	70	30	45	1.0	0.9	1.3	5,895	2,770	3,120	1.0	1.0	1.0
Syria⁸⁹	315	140	175	4.6	4.1	5.0	30,180	15,370	14,805	5.2	5.4	4.9
Turkey	40	25	15	0.6	0.7	0.4	7,060	3,835	3,225	1.2	1.3	1.1
United Arab Emirates	125	60	65	1.8	1.8	1.9	5,310	2,785	2,520	0.9	1.0	0.8
Viet Nam	65	20	40	0.9	0.6	1.1	6,020	2,205	3,815	1.0	0.8	1.3
Other places of birth in Asia	170	115	60	2.5	3.4	1.7	14,075	6,380	7,700	2.4	2.2	2.6
Oceania and other⁹³	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3	2,090	1,230	855	0.4	0.4	0.3
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,620	985	640	0.3	0.3	0.2
Other places of birth⁹⁸	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	470	250	220	0.1	0.1	0.1
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	116,075	57,480	58,595	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,755	6,887,570	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	59,985	29,250	30,730	51.7	50.9	52.4	4,725,795	2,259,845	2,465,955	33.7	32.8	34.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	33,035	16,685	16,350	28.5	29.0	27.9	3,180,170	1,594,980	1,585,195	22.7	23.2	22.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	23,055	11,545	11,510	19.9	20.1	19.6	6,125,785	3,032,745	3,093,040	43.7	44.0	43.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	48,175	23,295	24,880	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,346,285	1,581,710	1,764,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	30,145	15,375	14,770	62.6	66.0	59.4	1,669,195	831,060	838,135	49.9	52.5	47.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	11,295	7,690	3,605	23.4	33.0	14.5	697,905	424,975	272,930	20.9	26.9	15.5
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	18,850	7,685	11,165	39.1	33.0	44.9	971,295	406,090	565,205	29.0	25.7	32.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	12,325	4,825	7,500	25.6	20.7	30.1	1,037,680	420,725	616,955	31.0	26.6	35.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	5,335	2,890	2,445	11.1	12.4	9.8	587,735	306,430	281,310	17.6	19.4	15.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	370	205	165	0.8	0.9	0.7	51,675	23,490	28,180	1.5	1.5	1.6
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	48,175	23,295	24,880	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,346,285	1,581,710	1,764,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	2,110	1,055	1,050	4.4	4.5	4.2	262,835	139,045	123,790	7.9	8.8	7.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	3,665	1,840	1,820	7.6	7.9	7.3	289,330	131,810	157,520	8.6	8.3	8.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	905	445	455	1.9	1.9	1.8	79,320	39,275	40,050	2.4	2.5	2.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	1,465	730	730	3.0	3.1	2.9	179,715	85,115	94,595	5.4	5.4	5.4
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	225	100	130	0.5	0.4	0.5	19,030	7,670	11,360	0.6	0.5	0.6
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	39,805	19,115	20,695	82.6	82.1	83.2	2,516,055	1,178,800	1,337,255	75.2	74.5	75.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	116,075	57,480	58,595	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,750	6,887,570	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	68,455	33,715	34,740	59.0	58.7	59.3	4,817,360	2,350,135	2,467,230	34.3	34.1	34.5
South Asian	29,415	14,835	14,580	25.3	25.8	24.9	1,515,295	779,270	736,020	10.8	11.3	10.3
Chinese	7,315	3,465	3,845	6.3	6.0	6.6	820,245	388,310	431,935	5.8	5.6	6.0
Black	7,405	3,555	3,850	6.4	6.2	6.6	768,740	365,800	402,940	5.5	5.3	5.6
Filipino	6,075	2,825	3,250	5.2	4.9	5.5	363,650	157,580	206,070	2.6	2.3	2.9
Arab	6,350	3,285	3,065	5.5	5.7	5.2	284,215	146,815	137,395	2.0	2.1	1.9
Latin American	3,525	1,615	1,905	3.0	2.8	3.3	249,190	119,360	129,830	1.8	1.7	1.8
Southeast Asian	2,075	980	1,090	1.8	1.7	1.9	167,845	79,270	88,580	1.2	1.2	1.2
West Asian	1,025	490	535	0.9	0.9	0.9	212,185	106,670	105,520	1.5	1.5	1.5
Korean	525	255	265	0.5	0.4	0.5	99,425	46,800	52,625	0.7	0.7	0.7
Japanese	420	190	225	0.4	0.3	0.4	31,420	13,690	17,730	0.2	0.2	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	1,510	730	770	1.3	1.3	1.3	124,120	59,280	64,835	0.9	0.9	0.9
Multiple visible minorities	2,825	1,475	1,345	2.4	2.6	2.3	181,025	87,280	93,750	1.3	1.3	1.3
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	47,620	23,770	23,850	41.0	41.4	40.7	9,214,395	4,537,435	4,676,955	65.7	65.9	65.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	116,075	57,480	58,595	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,755	6,887,570	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	8,465	4,405	4,055	7.3	7.7	6.9	1,621,655	815,240	806,415	11.6	11.8	11.3
English	10,325	5,280	5,050	8.9	9.2	8.6	2,347,685	1,145,055	1,202,630	16.7	16.6	16.8
Irish	8,800	4,430	4,370	7.6	7.7	7.5	1,999,985	952,395	1,047,595	14.3	13.8	14.7
Scottish	8,385	4,130	4,255	7.2	7.2	7.3	1,937,010	938,335	998,680	13.8	13.6	14.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,620	1,635	1,985	3.1	2.8	3.4	1,039,385	500,570	538,815	7.4	7.3	7.5
German	3,870	1,995	1,875	3.3	3.5	3.2	1,058,075	517,665	540,410	7.5	7.5	7.6
Chinese	8,340	4,000	4,340	7.2	7.0	7.4	821,835	388,045	433,795	5.9	5.6	6.1
Italian	6,695	3,400	3,295	5.8	5.9	5.6	905,105	453,765	451,335	6.5	6.6	6.3
Indian (India)	15,200	7,610	7,595	13.1	13.2	13.0	764,435	392,845	371,585	5.4	5.7	5.2
Ukrainian	2,225	1,100	1,125	1.9	1.9	1.9	342,260	164,565	177,690	2.4	2.4	2.5
Dutch	1,535	685	845	1.3	1.2	1.4	478,860	236,645	242,210	3.4	3.4	3.4
Polish	4,685	2,280	2,405	4.0	4.0	4.1	461,090	221,095	240,000	3.3	3.2	3.4
Québécois	135	70	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	28,035	13,475	14,555	0.2	0.2	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	2,525	1,220	1,300	2.2	2.1	2.2	462,995	225,610	237,385	3.3	3.3	3.3
Filipino	5,950	2,850	3,100	5.1	5.0	5.3	355,680	154,820	200,860	2.5	2.2	2.8
French Canadian	775	370	405	0.7	0.6	0.7	199,845	94,210	105,630	1.4	1.4	1.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	860	445	410	0.7	0.8	0.7	221,315	110,260	111,055	1.6	1.6	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	385	205	185	0.3	0.4	0.3	160,660	76,990	83,670	1.1	1.1	1.2
Métis	330	150	175	0.3	0.3	0.3	131,780	63,205	68,580	0.9	0.9	1.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,150	570	580	1.0	1.0	1.0	182,785	90,865	91,920	1.3	1.3	1.3
Russian	865	425	445	0.7	0.7	0.8	187,460	87,560	99,900	1.3	1.3	1.4
Norwegian	300	140	160	0.3	0.2	0.3	62,840	30,300	32,535	0.4	0.4	0.5
Welsh	990	495	495	0.9	0.9	0.8	188,980	89,555	99,425	1.3	1.3	1.4
Portuguese	5,075	2,485	2,590	4.4	4.3	4.4	300,600	149,460	151,145	2.1	2.2	2.1
American	690	295	395	0.6	0.5	0.7	129,750	62,895	66,855	0.9	0.9	0.9
Spanish	1,815	830	990	1.6	1.4	1.7	143,840	66,950	76,890	1.0	1.0	1.1
Swedish	235	115	120	0.2	0.2	0.2	68,260	31,655	36,600	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hungarian	720	385	340	0.6	0.7	0.6	149,040	72,070	76,970	1.1	1.0	1.1
Acadian	130	70	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	34,125	16,055	18,070	0.2	0.2	0.3
Pakistani	7,340	3,770	3,565	6.3	6.6	6.1	212,650	107,640	105,015	1.5	1.6	1.5
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	1,365	640	730	1.2	1.1	1.2	149,265	72,095	77,175	1.1	1.0	1.1
Jewish	325	175	150	0.3	0.3	0.3	155,180	77,755	77,425	1.1	1.1	1.1
Punjabi	1,520	780	745	1.3	1.4	1.3	119,085	62,110	56,985	0.8	0.9	0.8
Vietnamese	1,615	810	800	1.4	1.4	1.4	122,735	58,135	64,590	0.9	0.8	0.9
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	2,085	1,080	1,000	1.8	1.9	1.7	110,250	56,985	53,270	0.8	0.8	0.7
Greek	985	505	480	0.8	0.9	0.8	143,065	72,455	70,605	1.0	1.1	1.0
Jamaican	2,630	1,255	1,375	2.3	2.2	2.3	201,945	95,525	106,420	1.4	1.4	1.5
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	1,445	725	720	1.2	1.3	1.2	110,750	53,190	57,565	0.8	0.8	0.8
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,025	9,580	10,445	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	550	270	280	0.5	0.5	0.5	100,025	47,215	52,810	0.7	0.7	0.7
Romanian	780	405	370	0.7	0.7	0.6	86,435	41,425	45,005	0.6	0.6	0.6
Lebanese	910	420	490	0.8	0.7	0.8	80,345	40,555	39,790	0.6	0.6	0.6
Iranian	445	205	235	0.4	0.4	0.4	109,410	55,025	54,385	0.8	0.8	0.8
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	1,210	615	590	1.0	1.1	1.0	73,665	35,960	37,705	0.5	0.5	0.5
Danish	120	80	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	52,170	25,415	26,755	0.4	0.4	0.4
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	115	55	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	61,790	29,610	32,175	0.4	0.4	0.5
Sikh	855	450	405	0.7	0.8	0.7	77,805	40,720	37,085	0.6	0.6	0.5
Austrian	330	165	170	0.3	0.3	0.3	63,920	31,280	32,640	0.5	0.5	0.5
Belgian	175	95	80	0.2	0.2	0.1	56,860	28,120	28,745	0.4	0.4	0.4
Haitian	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,930	8,440	9,495	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindu	1,860	965	895	1.6	1.7	1.5	106,970	56,425	50,545	0.8	0.8	0.7
Mexican	460	215	245	0.4	0.4	0.4	54,725	27,070	27,655	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mennonite	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	38,095	19,075	19,025	0.3	0.3	0.3
Swiss	225	130	90	0.2	0.2	0.2	56,510	27,790	28,720	0.4	0.4	0.4
Finnish	240	110	125	0.2	0.2	0.2	76,275	36,805	39,465	0.5	0.5	0.6
Sri Lankan	1,005	460	545	0.9	0.8	0.9	105,765	51,825	53,940	0.8	0.8	0.8
Croatian	1,450	725	720	1.2	1.3	1.2	79,240	39,340	39,900	0.6	0.6	0.6
Japanese	535	265	270	0.5	0.5	0.5	42,250	18,715	23,530	0.3	0.3	0.3
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	1,550	755	795	1.3	1.3	1.4	83,435	42,105	41,335	0.6	0.6	0.6
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	55	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.1	21,650	10,225	11,420	0.2	0.1	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	135	75	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	31,395	15,385	16,005	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	1,515	745	770	1.3	1.3	1.3	62,780	31,910	30,865	0.4	0.5	0.4
Egyptian	2,220	1,175	1,045	1.9	2.0	1.8	54,210	28,345	25,855	0.4	0.4	0.4
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	730	365	360	0.6	0.6	0.6	48,595	23,670	24,920	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tamil	1,035	560	475	0.9	1.0	0.8	86,580	43,270	43,310	0.6	0.6	0.6
Icelandic	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,915	6,875	7,045	0.1	0.1	0.1
Colombian	705	370	335	0.6	0.6	0.6	39,420	18,730	20,690	0.3	0.3	0.3
Moroccan	110	45	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,300	5,935	6,365	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	210	85	125	0.2	0.1	0.2	39,400	18,745	20,655	0.3	0.3	0.3
Syrian	610	295	315	0.5	0.5	0.5	42,525	21,170	21,365	0.3	0.3	0.3
Guyanese	900	455	440	0.8	0.8	0.8	85,455	40,520	44,935	0.6	0.6	0.6
Afghan	510	245	270	0.4	0.4	0.5	61,255	30,315	30,940	0.4	0.4	0.4
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	595	320	275	0.5	0.6	0.5	59,655	27,150	32,505	0.4	0.4	0.5
Serbian	435	225	205	0.4	0.4	0.3	64,415	32,230	32,175	0.5	0.5	0.5
Ojibway	75	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	52,770	25,660	27,110	0.4	0.4	0.4
Newfoundlander	225	125	100	0.2	0.2	0.2	29,950	14,735	15,215	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hong Konger	375	185	195	0.3	0.3	0.3	41,120	19,885	21,235	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ontarian	235	105	125	0.2	0.2	0.2	64,245	31,915	32,335	0.5	0.5	0.5
Persian	245	160	85	0.2	0.3	0.1	46,445	23,795	22,650	0.3	0.3	0.3
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	1,050	510	545	0.9	0.9	0.9	59,110	28,445	30,670	0.4	0.4	0.4
Turkish	475	250	220	0.4	0.4	0.4	43,555	22,580	20,970	0.3	0.3	0.3
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,160	2,810	3,350	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	260	130	130	0.2	0.2	0.2	47,195	24,190	23,000	0.3	0.4	0.3
Algerian	105	55	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,970	2,450	2,510	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	345	180	165	0.3	0.3	0.3	33,905	16,455	17,450	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nigerian	465	230	235	0.4	0.4	0.4	36,750	17,890	18,865	0.3	0.3	0.3
Armenian	235	120	110	0.2	0.2	0.2	30,860	15,245	15,610	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slovak	225	125	100	0.2	0.2	0.2	37,165	18,390	18,780	0.3	0.3	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	235	105	120	0.2	0.2	0.2	32,880	15,745	17,135	0.2	0.2	0.2
Somali	165	70	95	0.1	0.1	0.2	41,640	19,575	22,070	0.3	0.3	0.3
Taiwanese	165	70	95	0.1	0.1	0.2	17,960	8,150	9,810	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iraqi	775	370	410	0.7	0.6	0.7	42,980	21,520	21,460	0.3	0.3	0.3
Salvadorean	180	90	90	0.2	0.2	0.2	24,740	11,925	12,815	0.2	0.2	0.2
African Caribbean	635	285	350	0.5	0.5	0.6	43,475	19,070	24,405	0.3	0.3	0.3
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	440	180	255	0.4	0.3	0.4	32,785	15,515	17,265	0.2	0.2	0.2
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	710	380	330	0.6	0.7	0.6	38,000	19,570	18,430	0.3	0.3	0.3
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	590	250	340	0.5	0.4	0.6	39,165	17,615	21,555	0.3	0.3	0.3
Algonquin	35	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,910	9,815	11,090	0.1	0.1	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	560	260	300	0.5	0.5	0.5	42,575	19,380	23,200	0.3	0.3	0.3
Lithuanian	200	75	130	0.2	0.1	0.2	29,870	14,165	15,705	0.2	0.2	0.2
South African	170	80	85	0.1	0.1	0.1	21,965	11,055	10,910	0.2	0.2	0.2
Australian	60	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.0	14,775	7,780	6,995	0.1	0.1	0.1
Palestinian	845	410	435	0.7	0.7	0.7	30,365	15,605	14,755	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chilean	195	90	105	0.2	0.2	0.2	14,370	6,800	7,570	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,815	5,870	6,945	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	80	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,195	5,000	5,190	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	140	90	55	0.1	0.2	0.1	20,625	9,970	10,665	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	345	160	185	0.3	0.3	0.3	22,825	10,645	12,180	0.2	0.2	0.2
Peruvian	410	190	215	0.4	0.3	0.4	15,260	7,295	7,965	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	190	100	90	0.2	0.2	0.2	19,350	9,870	9,475	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cambodian (Khmer)	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	15,155	7,065	8,095	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,055	1,585	1,470	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	300	150	150	0.3	0.3	0.3	29,575	14,865	14,715	0.2	0.2	0.2
Maltese	445	210	240	0.4	0.4	0.4	33,825	16,710	17,110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Macedonian	310	140	170	0.3	0.2	0.3	35,925	17,810	18,115	0.3	0.3	0.3
Slovenian	410	190	225	0.4	0.3	0.4	25,085	12,325	12,760	0.2	0.2	0.2
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,170	6,310	6,855	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,865	2,750	3,115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	370	185	185	0.3	0.3	0.3	25,995	13,705	12,285	0.2	0.2	0.2
Eritrean	90	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	17,165	8,390	8,770	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Canadian	140	65	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	20,025	9,540	10,485	0.1	0.1	0.1
Israeli	65	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.0	20,570	10,745	9,825	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mohawk	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,595	10,170	10,425	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	100	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,115	5,600	6,505	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	15,900	7,810	8,095	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albertan	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,185	580	600	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	175	80	95	0.2	0.1	0.2	20,935	10,015	10,915	0.1	0.1	0.2
Barbadian	135	60	75	0.1	0.1	0.1	21,205	10,175	11,035	0.2	0.1	0.2
African American	110	35	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	16,380	7,985	8,395	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	155	80	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	16,400	7,800	8,605	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,430	1,240	1,190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	110	60	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	15,800	7,910	7,890	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cuban	105	55	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	14,785	7,185	7,600	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	200	130	70	0.2	0.2	0.1	16,065	8,070	7,995	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuelan	250	115	130	0.2	0.2	0.2	12,885	6,015	6,865	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,010	440	575	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	75	25	50	0.1	0.0	0.1	16,070	7,545	8,525	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	240	125	110	0.2	0.2	0.2	16,665	8,635	8,030	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cameroonian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,295	2,060	2,230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	165	70	95	0.1	0.1	0.2	10,175	5,045	5,130	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	370	160	215	0.3	0.3	0.4	10,645	4,835	5,820	0.1	0.1	0.1
Laotian	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	10,870	5,165	5,695	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	55	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,560	4,790	5,775	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern Irish	150	75	75	0.1	0.1	0.1	14,875	7,390	7,480	0.1	0.1	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,135	5,135	5,005	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,020	460	565	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	350	130	220	0.3	0.2	0.4	18,835	8,955	9,880	0.1	0.1	0.1
Franco Ontarian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,755	8,900	9,855	0.1	0.1	0.1
Argentinian	165	100	65	0.1	0.2	0.1	11,950	5,935	6,015	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	55	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	14,025	6,585	7,440	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	50	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,495	7,445	6,050	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,345	1,080	1,265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	70	25	45	0.1	0.0	0.1	9,195	4,725	4,470	0.1	0.1	0.1
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,040	4,020	4,025	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	975	460	520	0.8	0.8	0.9	14,845	7,400	7,440	0.1	0.1	0.1
Thai	35	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,850	3,215	4,640	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dominican	155	80	80	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,585	4,185	4,400	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	11,585	5,890	5,690	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	570	255	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	170	85	85	0.1	0.1	0.1	17,080	8,360	8,720	0.1	0.1	0.1
Igbo	115	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,595	4,175	4,420	0.1	0.1	0.1
Byelorussian	80	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,730	4,630	5,095	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	110	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,445	1,675	1,760	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,300	590	710	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,295	2,065	2,225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,550	2,640	2,910	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,865	2,645	2,220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	170	75	95	0.1	0.1	0.2	9,200	4,570	4,630	0.1	0.1	0.1
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	650	325	325	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,085	5,180	6,900	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malaysian	115	50	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,360	3,380	3,990	0.1	0.0	0.1
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	180	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,660	1,850	1,810	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,070	1,000	1,075	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,755	720	1,040	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	95	40	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,440	4,045	4,400	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	700	335	365	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,250	1,330	925	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	115	40	80	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,250	4,355	4,895	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ivorian	45	30	15	0.0	0.1	0.0	2,270	1,040	1,230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	735	340	390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,980	3,250	3,735	0.0	0.0	0.1
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,105	1,940	2,165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,290	2,750	2,535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,575	3,055	3,520	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	140	70	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,050	2,540	2,510	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	70	20	50	0.1	0.0	0.1	6,970	3,290	3,680	0.0	0.0	0.1
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,300	3,560	3,745	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vincentian	80	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,080	4,010	5,070	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jordanian	115	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,040	4,825	4,215	0.1	0.1	0.1
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,505	700	800	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,040	1,440	1,595	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,450	1,580	1,865	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	85	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,250	4,820	5,430	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malayali	235	125	115	0.2	0.2	0.2	8,100	4,245	3,860	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chaldean	115	70	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,280	5,185	5,090	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sinhalese	175	80	95	0.2	0.1	0.2	8,060	3,985	4,075	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mayan	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,085	2,065	2,025	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,735	1,870	1,865	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,555	1,630	1,920	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,350	585	765	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	150	70	80	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,830	3,915	4,920	0.1	0.1	0.1
Flemish	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,565	1,770	1,790	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,730	3,345	3,390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,155	610	550	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,235	3,235	3,005	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,840	3,075	2,760	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	320	175	145	0.3	0.3	0.2	6,385	3,395	2,990	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	145	60	85	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,910	1,930	1,980	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	390	190	205	0.3	0.3	0.3	7,930	3,830	4,100	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,150	1,535	1,615	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,380	3,630	3,745	0.1	0.1	0.1
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,780	1,780	2,005	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,290	1,980	2,310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,585	1,635	1,950	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	165	85	90	0.1	0.1	0.2	6,085	2,875	3,210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	35	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,100	570	530	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	115	55	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,605	3,425	4,180	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ugandan	65	25	40	0.1	0.0	0.1	4,685	2,225	2,460	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	35	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,015	1,570	1,445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,865	2,285	2,580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	105	55	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,300	2,585	2,715	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,630	770	860	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,200	2,155	2,050	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	25	25	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,515	835	680	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	115	50	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,720	2,335	2,390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	45	10	35	0.0	0.0	0.1	4,055	2,045	2,010	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	35	25	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,605	1,650	1,955	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,245	950	1,300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,165	605	565	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	150	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,120	530	590	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,850	2,660	3,190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,900	890	1,010	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	285	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,325	630	695	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	145	100	45	0.1	0.2	0.1	4,755	2,665	2,090	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,470	1,735	1,735	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,735	1,390	1,345	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,650	725	925	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	265	290	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	55	30	20	0.0	0.1	0.0	3,905	1,900	2,000	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	45	30	20	0.0	0.1	0.0	2,320	1,070	1,250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,365	1,185	1,180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,515	1,705	1,810	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	50	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.1	4,150	2,065	2,080	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,135	1,560	1,575	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	855	365	490	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	116,075	57,480	58,595	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,750	6,887,570	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	1,800	865	935	1.6	1.5	1.6	164,215	73,715	90,500	1.2	1.1	1.3
Christian	62,185	29,690	32,495	53.6	51.7	55.5	7,315,810	3,410,290	3,905,520	52.1	49.5	54.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	8,410	3,895	4,515	7.2	6.8	7.7	1,070,190	503,135	567,055	7.6	7.3	7.9
Anabaptist	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	57,795	28,065	29,725	0.4	0.4	0.4
Anglican	2,990	1,400	1,590	2.6	2.4	2.7	525,425	236,080	289,345	3.7	3.4	4.1
Baptist	840	415	425	0.7	0.7	0.7	165,400	75,170	90,230	1.2	1.1	1.3
Catholic	37,980	18,315	19,660	32.7	31.9	33.6	3,654,825	1,729,760	1,925,070	26.0	25.1	26.9
Christian Orthodox	4,065	2,010	2,055	3.5	3.5	3.5	329,850	158,655	171,200	2.4	2.3	2.4
Jehovah's Witness	195	95	100	0.2	0.2	0.2	48,290	20,680	27,610	0.3	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,420	7,710	8,710	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	410	210	200	0.4	0.4	0.3	114,810	52,600	62,215	0.8	0.8	0.9
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	180	60	120	0.2	0.1	0.2	35,320	15,890	19,430	0.3	0.2	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	1,520	705	815	1.3	1.2	1.4	174,605	77,250	97,360	1.2	1.1	1.4
Presbyterian	1,130	470	660	1.0	0.8	1.1	202,275	91,710	110,560	1.4	1.3	1.5
Reformed	105	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	47,400	23,275	24,120	0.3	0.3	0.3
United Church	2,190	1,035	1,155	1.9	1.8	2.0	570,830	251,315	319,520	4.1	3.6	4.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	2,075	980	1,085	1.8	1.7	1.9	302,375	138,995	163,385	2.2	2.0	2.3
Hindu	10,185	5,160	5,030	8.8	9.0	8.6	573,700	295,980	277,720	4.1	4.3	3.9
Jewish	265	140	120	0.2	0.2	0.2	196,100	96,075	100,020	1.4	1.4	1.4
Muslim	17,770	9,025	8,745	15.3	15.7	14.9	942,990	474,965	468,025	6.7	6.9	6.6
Sikh	2,925	1,415	1,510	2.5	2.5	2.6	300,435	155,390	145,040	2.1	2.3	2.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,985	7,400	8,580	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	635	265	370	0.5	0.5	0.6	88,845	37,840	51,000	0.6	0.5	0.7
No religion and secular perspectives	20,305	10,925	9,380	17.5	19.0	16.0	4,433,675	2,335,900	2,097,770	31.6	33.9	29.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	115,205	57,025	58,180	100.0	100.0	100.0	13,904,805	6,823,190	7,081,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	105,490	52,155	53,330	91.6	91.5	91.7	12,295,685	6,023,840	6,271,855	88.4	88.3	88.6
Movers	9,720	4,865	4,855	8.4	8.5	8.3	1,609,120	799,355	809,765	11.6	11.7	11.4
Non-migrants	5,600	2,825	2,780	4.9	5.0	4.8	914,170	454,180	459,990	6.6	6.7	6.5
Migrants	4,120	2,040	2,080	3.6	3.6	3.6	694,950	345,175	349,775	5.0	5.1	4.9
Internal migrants	2,780	1,335	1,445	2.4	2.3	2.5	570,275	282,115	288,165	4.1	4.1	4.1
Intraprovincial migrants	2,520	1,210	1,315	2.2	2.1	2.3	516,425	255,130	261,300	3.7	3.7	3.7
Interprovincial migrants	260	130	130	0.2	0.2	0.2	53,850	26,985	26,865	0.4	0.4	0.4
External migrants	1,340	705	630	1.2	1.2	1.1	124,670	63,060	61,610	0.9	0.9	0.9
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	110,990	54,825	56,165	100.0	100.0	100.0	13,349,180	6,539,010	6,810,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	79,350	38,930	40,415	71.5	71.0	72.0	8,361,770	4,077,100	4,284,665	62.6	62.4	62.9
Movers	31,640	15,890	15,750	28.5	29.0	28.0	4,987,410	2,461,910	2,525,505	37.4	37.6	37.1
Non-migrants	15,015	7,465	7,550	13.5	13.6	13.4	2,087,055	1,023,085	1,063,965	15.6	15.6	15.6
Migrants	16,625	8,425	8,200	15.0	15.4	14.6	2,900,355	1,438,815	1,461,540	21.7	22.0	21.5
Internal migrants	8,855	4,480	4,375	8.0	8.2	7.8	2,167,365	1,064,190	1,103,170	16.2	16.3	16.2
Intraprovincial migrants	7,625	3,890	3,740	6.9	7.1	6.7	1,938,720	949,475	989,250	14.5	14.5	14.5
Interprovincial migrants	1,230	595	635	1.1	1.1	1.1	228,640	114,715	113,925	1.7	1.8	1.7
External migrants	7,765	3,940	3,825	7.0	7.2	6.8	732,990	374,630	358,365	5.5	5.7	5.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	97,400	47,900	49,500	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,825	5,733,360	6,049,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	11,950	5,940	6,010	12.3	12.4	12.1	1,969,920	1,007,805	962,115	16.7	17.6	15.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	85,450	41,960	43,490	87.7	87.6	87.9	9,812,905	4,725,555	5,087,350	83.3	82.4	84.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	64,815	31,845	32,975	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,584,645	3,700,540	3,884,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,690	1,990	1,705	5.7	6.2	5.2	757,455	418,970	338,485	10.0	11.3	8.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	61,130	29,855	31,270	94.3	93.8	94.8	6,827,190	3,281,570	3,545,615	90.0	88.7	91.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	97,395	47,900	49,500	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,820	5,733,360	6,049,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,225	5,495	5,740	11.5	11.5	11.6	1,799,890	904,590	895,300	15.3	15.8	14.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	23,860	11,665	12,200	24.5	24.4	24.6	3,204,170	1,608,155	1,596,015	27.2	28.0	26.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	62,310	30,745	31,560	64.0	64.2	63.8	6,778,765	3,220,615	3,558,155	57.5	56.2	58.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	23,455	12,055	11,395	24.1	25.2	23.0	3,250,175	1,592,945	1,657,230	27.6	27.8	27.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,495	2,675	825	3.6	5.6	1.7	592,485	426,550	165,935	5.0	7.4	2.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,880	1,330	550	1.9	2.8	1.1	287,155	178,555	108,605	2.4	3.1	1.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,615	1,345	275	1.7	2.8	0.6	305,330	248,000	57,325	2.6	4.3	0.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	17,100	8,075	9,025	17.6	16.9	18.2	2,389,205	1,046,345	1,342,855	20.3	18.3	22.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,855	1,305	1,550	2.9	2.7	3.1	268,480	120,040	148,440	2.3	2.1	2.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	38,855	18,690	20,165	39.9	39.0	40.7	3,528,600	1,627,675	1,900,925	29.9	28.4	31.4
Bachelor's degree	25,625	11,940	13,685	26.3	24.9	27.6	2,307,685	1,034,000	1,273,685	19.6	18.0	21.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,350	1,100	1,250	2.4	2.3	2.5	224,820	99,320	125,500	1.9	1.7	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,030	440	595	1.1	0.9	1.2	90,530	45,085	45,445	0.8	0.8	0.8
Master's degree	9,075	4,735	4,340	9.3	9.9	8.8	786,440	377,795	408,640	6.7	6.6	6.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	775	475	300	0.8	1.0	0.6	119,125	71,465	47,655	1.0	1.2	0.8
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	64,820	31,845	32,975	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,584,645	3,700,540	3,884,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,290	1,780	1,505	5.1	5.6	4.6	667,665	367,715	299,945	8.8	9.9	7.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	12,065	6,045	6,015	18.6	19.0	18.2	1,770,810	938,035	832,775	23.3	25.3	21.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	49,470	24,015	25,450	76.3	75.4	77.2	5,146,170	2,394,785	2,751,385	67.8	64.7	70.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	17,640	8,945	8,695	27.2	28.1	26.4	2,356,375	1,142,180	1,214,195	31.1	30.9	31.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,340	1,785	550	3.6	5.6	1.7	384,770	276,165	108,600	5.1	7.5	2.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,240	875	365	1.9	2.7	1.1	184,665	114,510	70,155	2.4	3.1	1.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,105	915	185	1.7	2.9	0.6	200,110	161,655	38,450	2.6	4.4	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	13,235	6,225	7,010	20.4	19.5	21.3	1,787,580	784,340	1,003,235	23.6	21.2	25.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,065	930	1,135	3.2	2.9	3.4	184,030	81,665	102,360	2.4	2.2	2.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	31,830	15,075	16,755	49.1	47.3	50.8	2,789,795	1,252,610	1,537,190	36.8	33.8	39.6
Bachelor's degree	20,340	9,455	10,885	31.4	29.7	33.0	1,798,010	793,045	1,004,965	23.7	21.4	25.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,955	860	1,095	3.0	2.7	3.3	173,205	72,790	100,420	2.3	2.0	2.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	865	350	515	1.3	1.1	1.6	71,055	31,530	39,525	0.9	0.9	1.0
Master's degree	8,085	4,075	4,015	12.5	12.8	12.2	658,060	305,270	352,785	8.7	8.2	9.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	580	340	240	0.9	1.1	0.7	89,470	49,975	39,490	1.2	1.4	1.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	97,400	47,900	49,500	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,820	5,733,360	6,049,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	35,095	17,155	17,935	36.0	35.8	36.2	5,004,055	2,512,745	2,491,305	42.5	43.8	41.2
Education	2,820	525	2,295	2.9	1.1	4.6	358,255	79,480	278,775	3.0	1.4	4.6
13. Education	2,820	525	2,295	2.9	1.1	4.6	358,255	79,480	278,775	3.0	1.4	4.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,910	795	1,110	2.0	1.7	2.2	258,480	110,905	147,580	2.2	1.9	2.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	185	145	35	0.2	0.3	0.1	26,160	18,830	7,330	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	1,725	650	1,070	1.8	1.4	2.2	232,325	92,080	140,250	2.0	1.6	2.3
Humanities	3,430	995	2,435	3.5	2.1	4.9	388,160	139,895	248,265	3.3	2.4	4.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	315	60	260	0.3	0.1	0.5	40,335	8,230	32,110	0.3	0.1	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	770	190	580	0.8	0.4	1.2	99,000	27,245	71,755	0.8	0.5	1.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,500	405	1,095	1.5	0.8	2.2	112,250	37,775	74,470	1.0	0.7	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	55	20	35	0.1	0.0	0.1	10,520	3,610	6,915	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	170	65	110	0.2	0.1	0.2	26,705	14,590	12,115	0.2	0.3	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	155	85	70	0.2	0.2	0.1	28,715	17,275	11,440	0.2	0.3	0.2
54. History	365	170	195	0.4	0.4	0.4	54,415	28,500	25,910	0.5	0.5	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	100	0	95	0.1	0.0	0.2	16,220	2,670	13,555	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,775	2,425	5,355	8.0	5.1	10.8	928,970	308,755	620,210	7.9	5.4	10.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	20	40	0.1	0.0	0.1	12,940	2,725	10,220	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	860	365	490	0.9	0.8	1.0	106,350	42,040	64,305	0.9	0.7	1.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,240	65	1,170	1.3	0.1	2.4	154,370	12,575	141,795	1.3	0.2	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	1,185	350	835	1.2	0.7	1.7	144,535	50,355	94,180	1.2	0.9	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	145	40	105	0.1	0.1	0.2	24,040	7,835	16,205	0.2	0.1	0.3
42. Psychology	1,170	230	940	1.2	0.5	1.9	142,265	33,385	108,885	1.2	0.6	1.8
45. Social sciences	3,125	1,360	1,765	3.2	2.8	3.6	344,465	159,850	184,620	2.9	2.8	3.1
Business, management and public administration	16,050	7,325	8,725	16.5	15.3	17.6	1,472,490	630,535	841,955	12.5	11.0	13.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,340	850	1,490	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	690	120	570	0.7	0.3	1.2	123,510	24,630	98,885	1.0	0.4	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	15,345	7,195	8,145	15.8	15.0	16.5	1,346,635	605,055	741,585	11.4	10.6	12.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,470	1,520	1,950	3.6	3.2	3.9	303,310	141,260	162,050	2.6	2.5	2.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,295	490	800	1.3	1.0	1.6	133,895	52,610	81,285	1.1	0.9	1.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	975	390	585	1.0	0.8	1.2	69,195	30,195	38,995	0.6	0.5	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	95	30	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,440	1,795	4,640	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	970	565	405	1.0	1.2	0.8	80,200	51,680	28,525	0.7	0.9	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	140	45	90	0.1	0.1	0.2	13,585	4,980	8,605	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	4,975	3,325	1,650	5.1	6.9	3.3	367,845	240,245	127,600	3.1	4.2	2.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	4,180	2,910	1,270	4.3	6.1	2.6	284,925	198,705	86,220	2.4	3.5	1.4
25. Library science	110	15	90	0.1	0.0	0.2	16,090	2,620	13,475	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	550	295	255	0.6	0.6	0.5	56,120	31,880	24,245	0.5	0.6	0.4
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	135	100	30	0.1	0.2	0.1	10,705	7,040	3,660	0.1	0.1	0.1
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	12,240	10,380	1,855	12.6	21.7	3.7	1,274,815	1,122,875	151,940	10.8	19.6	2.5
04. Architecture and related services	640	410	230	0.7	0.9	0.5	61,850	39,075	22,780	0.5	0.7	0.4
14. Engineering	5,910	4,585	1,320	6.1	9.6	2.7	414,085	329,125	84,960	3.5	5.7	1.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	2,265	2,000	265	2.3	4.2	0.5	278,410	247,630	30,775	2.4	4.3	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	35	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,280	1,260	15	1.3	2.6	0.0	197,795	193,595	4,205	1.7	3.4	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,450	1,440	10	1.5	3.0	0.0	208,980	204,525	4,450	1.8	3.6	0.1
48. Precision production	695	675	15	0.7	1.4	0.0	113,510	108,890	4,625	1.0	1.9	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	840	425	415	0.9	0.9	0.8	132,765	73,065	59,705	1.1	1.3	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	545	290	255	0.6	0.6	0.5	86,885	46,085	40,795	0.7	0.8	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	295	140	160	0.3	0.3	0.3	45,885	26,975	18,910	0.4	0.5	0.3
Health and related fields	6,760	1,845	4,920	6.9	3.9	9.9	939,610	194,715	744,900	8.0	3.4	12.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	630	365	265	0.6	0.8	0.5	84,485	41,350	43,135	0.7	0.7	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	5,925	1,400	4,525	6.1	2.9	9.1	828,240	139,360	688,880	7.0	2.4	11.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,335	585	1,750	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	200	75	125	0.2	0.2	0.3	24,520	13,410	11,110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,020	1,185	835	2.1	2.5	1.7	351,505	178,155	173,350	3.0	3.1	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	950	335	615	1.0	0.7	1.2	181,985	49,755	132,230	1.5	0.9	2.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,135	1,895	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,200	2,010	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	705	505	200	0.7	1.1	0.4	110,890	75,460	35,430	0.9	1.3	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	335	320	10	0.3	0.7	0.0	54,295	49,040	5,255	0.5	0.9	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,555	725	1,830	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	64,820	31,845	32,970	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,584,650	3,700,540	3,884,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	15,350	7,825	7,525	23.7	24.6	22.8	2,438,475	1,305,750	1,132,720	32.2	35.3	29.2
Education	2,125	390	1,730	3.3	1.2	5.2	242,725	50,715	192,005	3.2	1.4	4.9
13. Education	2,125	390	1,730	3.3	1.2	5.2	242,725	50,715	192,005	3.2	1.4	4.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,510	650	860	2.3	2.0	2.6	199,945	84,310	115,635	2.6	2.3	3.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	160	120	35	0.2	0.4	0.1	18,425	12,920	5,505	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	1,360	530	830	2.1	1.7	2.5	181,520	71,390	110,130	2.4	1.9	2.8
Humanities	2,595	735	1,865	4.0	2.3	5.7	279,505	97,835	181,670	3.7	2.6	4.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	250	40	210	0.4	0.1	0.6	29,620	5,455	24,165	0.4	0.1	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	570	145	430	0.9	0.5	1.3	71,745	19,350	52,390	0.9	0.5	1.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,090	300	800	1.7	0.9	2.4	83,455	27,595	55,860	1.1	0.7	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,195	2,395	4,805	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	145	45	100	0.2	0.1	0.3	19,380	10,610	8,765	0.3	0.3	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	110	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2	18,420	11,085	7,335	0.2	0.3	0.2
54. History	300	135	170	0.5	0.4	0.5	39,275	19,895	19,380	0.5	0.5	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	85	0	85	0.1	0.0	0.3	10,415	1,445	8,970	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,105	1,835	4,270	9.4	5.8	13.0	729,685	232,410	497,275	9.6	6.3	12.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.1	10,515	2,085	8,430	0.1	0.1	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	710	300	415	1.1	0.9	1.3	88,895	34,255	54,645	1.2	0.9	1.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	940	40	900	1.5	0.1	2.7	119,090	8,825	110,265	1.6	0.2	2.8
22. Legal professions and studies	965	285	685	1.5	0.9	2.1	117,900	37,130	80,775	1.6	1.0	2.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	125	35	90	0.2	0.1	0.3	18,585	6,035	12,555	0.2	0.2	0.3
42. Psychology	955	185	765	1.5	0.6	2.3	107,035	23,715	83,320	1.4	0.6	2.1
45. Social sciences	2,360	980	1,375	3.6	3.1	4.2	267,660	120,375	147,285	3.5	3.3	3.8
Business, management and public administration	13,320	5,990	7,325	20.5	18.8	22.2	1,161,875	487,235	674,650	15.3	13.2	17.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,785	655	1,130	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	555	105	445	0.9	0.3	1.3	98,675	18,325	80,355	1.3	0.5	2.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	12,750	5,880	6,875	19.7	18.5	20.9	1,061,420	468,255	593,165	14.0	12.7	15.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,610	1,130	1,475	4.0	3.5	4.5	220,805	97,905	122,895	2.9	2.6	3.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	945	360	585	1.5	1.1	1.8	100,550	38,595	61,955	1.3	1.0	1.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	760	320	445	1.2	1.0	1.3	50,505	21,085	29,425	0.7	0.6	0.8
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	75	25	50	0.1	0.1	0.2	5,100	1,410	3,690	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	725	395	330	1.1	1.2	1.0	55,565	33,765	21,800	0.7	0.9	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	105	35	65	0.2	0.1	0.2	9,090	3,055	6,035	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	4,385	2,900	1,480	6.8	9.1	4.5	304,045	200,360	103,685	4.0	5.4	2.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,735	2,570	1,165	5.8	8.1	3.5	244,700	170,900	73,800	3.2	4.6	1.9
25. Library science	80	10	70	0.1	0.0	0.2	9,860	1,740	8,120	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	435	225	215	0.7	0.7	0.7	40,875	22,115	18,760	0.5	0.6	0.5
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	130	100	30	0.2	0.3	0.1	8,610	5,605	3,005	0.1	0.2	0.1
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	9,395	7,750	1,645	14.5	24.3	5.0	932,505	805,990	126,515	12.3	21.8	3.3
04. Architecture and related services	530	335	195	0.8	1.1	0.6	48,030	29,245	18,785	0.6	0.8	0.5
14. Engineering	4,815	3,620	1,205	7.4	11.4	3.7	326,190	252,675	73,515	4.3	6.8	1.9
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,680	1,465	215	2.6	4.6	0.7	202,375	178,135	24,240	2.7	4.8	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	35	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	920	905	15	1.4	2.8	0.0	137,150	133,905	3,240	1.8	3.6	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	975	975	0	1.5	3.1	0.0	143,480	140,190	3,290	1.9	3.8	0.1
48. Precision production	470	455	10	0.7	1.4	0.0	75,115	71,805	3,310	1.0	1.9	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	650	315	335	1.0	1.0	1.0	100,525	52,065	48,460	1.3	1.4	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	410	210	200	0.6	0.7	0.6	64,365	31,780	32,585	0.8	0.9	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	240	105	135	0.4	0.3	0.4	36,155	20,290	15,875	0.5	0.5	0.4
Health and related fields	5,265	1,430	3,840	8.1	4.5	11.6	703,890	148,295	555,600	9.3	4.0	14.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	400	250	150	0.6	0.8	0.5	64,360	31,305	33,055	0.8	0.8	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	4,700	1,120	3,580	7.3	3.5	10.9	619,520	107,760	511,760	8.2	2.9	13.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,960	375	1,580	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	160	60	100	0.2	0.2	0.3	18,030	8,855	9,175	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,485	890	595	2.3	2.8	1.8	268,815	137,235	131,575	3.5	3.7	3.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	705	250	455	1.1	0.8	1.4	136,310	37,500	98,810	1.8	1.0	2.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,600	1,400	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,180	1,070	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	530	405	125	0.8	1.3	0.4	89,470	60,610	28,855	1.2	1.6	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	235	225	10	0.4	0.7	0.0	40,255	36,655	3,600	0.5	1.0	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1	1,860	435	1,420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	64,820	31,845	32,970	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,584,650	3,700,540	3,884,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,350	7,825	7,525	23.7	24.6	22.8	2,438,475	1,305,750	1,132,720	32.2	35.3	29.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	49,470	24,015	25,455	76.3	75.4	77.2	5,146,175	2,394,790	2,751,385	67.8	64.7	70.8
Location of study inside Canada	29,855	14,580	15,270	46.1	45.8	46.3	3,921,795	1,818,550	2,103,240	51.7	49.1	54.1
Same as province or territory of residence	27,940	13,645	14,300	43.1	42.8	43.4	3,634,290	1,680,865	1,953,420	47.9	45.4	50.3
Different than province or territory of residence	1,910	935	970	2.9	2.9	2.9	287,505	137,685	149,820	3.8	3.7	3.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	19,615	9,435	10,175	30.3	29.6	30.9	1,224,380	576,235	648,140	16.1	15.6	16.7
Americas	2,780	1,450	1,330	4.3	4.6	4.0	229,280	113,350	115,930	3.0	3.1	3.0
United States of America	1,450	840	610	2.2	2.6	1.9	140,770	72,740	68,035	1.9	2.0	1.8
Mexico	150	45	110	0.2	0.1	0.3	11,625	5,075	6,545	0.2	0.1	0.2
Cuba	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,715	1,875	1,840	0.0	0.1	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,250	620	630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	160	60	100	0.2	0.2	0.3	9,200	4,480	4,720	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazil	190	95	95	0.3	0.3	0.3	17,755	8,105	9,645	0.2	0.2	0.2
Colombia	265	145	120	0.4	0.5	0.4	12,705	5,495	7,205	0.2	0.1	0.2
Peru	70	20	50	0.1	0.1	0.2	2,750	1,050	1,700	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	145	65	70	0.2	0.2	0.2	5,530	2,340	3,190	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Americas	310	155	155	0.5	0.5	0.5	23,985	11,560	12,425	0.3	0.3	0.3
Europe	2,670	1,415	1,255	4.1	4.4	3.8	224,050	113,485	110,560	3.0	3.1	2.8
Belgium	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0	1,650	885	765	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	85	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.2	11,580	6,190	5,390	0.2	0.2	0.1
Germany	55	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,115	3,880	3,240	0.1	0.1	0.1
Netherlands	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,345	2,410	1,935	0.1	0.1	0.0
Switzerland	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,525	1,265	1,255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,960	1,425	1,535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,080	880	1,205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	570	300	265	0.9	0.9	0.8	16,450	7,365	9,090	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romania	290	150	140	0.4	0.5	0.4	14,985	7,380	7,605	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian Federation	175	95	80	0.3	0.3	0.2	19,185	8,720	10,460	0.3	0.2	0.3
Ukraine	110	45	65	0.2	0.1	0.2	18,225	8,245	9,985	0.2	0.2	0.3
Ireland⁹⁶	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,925	3,920	3,000	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	835	480	355	1.3	1.5	1.1	72,655	39,105	33,550	1.0	1.1	0.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0	3,415	1,600	1,820	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,895	2,230	1,660	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,750	2,910	2,840	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Europe	300	135	165	0.5	0.4	0.5	30,300	15,075	15,225	0.4	0.4	0.4
Africa	1,360	670	690	2.1	2.1	2.1	65,145	31,940	33,205	0.9	0.9	0.9
Nigeria	215	115	100	0.3	0.4	0.3	15,165	7,355	7,810	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algeria	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0	1,550	685	860	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,180	960	1,215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	805	375	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	865	405	450	1.3	1.3	1.4	17,195	8,445	8,755	0.2	0.2	0.2
South Africa, Republic of	45	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1	6,770	3,545	3,225	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Africa	180	105	75	0.3	0.3	0.2	21,480	10,570	10,905	0.3	0.3	0.3
Asia	12,625	5,805	6,820	19.5	18.2	20.7	686,295	308,075	378,220	9.0	8.3	9.7
Iran⁸⁸	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	35,535	16,145	19,390	0.5	0.4	0.5
Iraq	365	145	220	0.6	0.5	0.7	12,270	6,020	6,250	0.2	0.2	0.2
Israel	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,675	3,365	3,310	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lebanon	170	85	85	0.3	0.3	0.3	7,235	3,350	3,885	0.1	0.1	0.1
Syria⁸⁹	140	65	80	0.2	0.2	0.2	7,515	3,610	3,905	0.1	0.1	0.1
Turkey	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,585	4,105	3,475	0.1	0.1	0.1
China⁹⁰	1,015	480	535	1.6	1.5	1.6	92,585	41,055	51,530	1.2	1.1	1.3
Taiwan	35	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1	3,535	1,125	2,410	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	100	45	60	0.2	0.1	0.2	8,875	3,660	5,210	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japan	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,310	2,145	4,160	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korea, South⁹²	135	65	75	0.2	0.2	0.2	21,145	8,075	13,070	0.3	0.2	0.3
Philippines	1,700	715	985	2.6	2.2	3.0	109,885	38,390	71,495	1.4	1.0	1.8
Viet Nam	45	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1	5,120	1,845	3,280	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladesh	130	65	65	0.2	0.2	0.2	16,250	7,315	8,945	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sri Lanka	170	80	95	0.3	0.3	0.3	11,075	5,125	5,950	0.1	0.1	0.2
India	5,555	2,645	2,910	8.6	8.3	8.8	245,655	121,625	124,035	3.2	3.3	3.2
Pakistan	2,270	1,020	1,250	3.5	3.2	3.8	53,750	24,970	28,780	0.7	0.7	0.7
Other locations of study in Asia	590	270	320	0.9	0.8	1.0	35,295	16,145	19,150	0.5	0.4	0.5
Oceania	175	90	85	0.3	0.3	0.3	19,605	9,380	10,220	0.3	0.3	0.3
Australia	155	80	75	0.2	0.3	0.2	16,965	8,040	8,925	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealand	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,445	1,240	1,200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	100	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	97,395	47,900	49,500	...	...	...	11,782,820	5,733,360	6,049,460	...	...	...
In the labour force	66,300	34,795	31,505	...	...	...	7,399,200	3,847,325	3,551,880	...	...	...
Employed	57,630	30,670	26,960	...	...	...	6,492,895	3,416,955	3,075,940	...	...	...
Unemployed	8,675	4,125	4,545	...	...	...	906,310	430,365	475,940	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	31,100	13,105	17,995	...	...	...	4,383,620	1,886,035	2,497,580	...	...	...
Participation rate	68.1	72.6	63.6	68.1	72.6	63.6	62.8	67.1	58.7	62.8	67.1	58.7
Employment rate	59.2	64.0	54.5	59.2	64.0	54.5	55.1	59.6	50.8	55.1	59.6	50.8
Unemployment rate	13.1	11.9	14.4	13.1	11.9	14.4	12.2	11.2	13.4	12.2	11.2	13.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	97,400	47,895	49,500	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,820	5,733,360	6,049,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	32,440	14,020	18,420	33.3	29.3	37.2	4,469,170	1,946,590	2,522,580	37.9	34.0	41.7
Worked	64,960	33,875	31,080	66.7	70.7	62.8	7,313,650	3,786,770	3,526,880	62.1	66.0	58.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	37,830	21,205	16,630	38.8	44.3	33.6	3,982,300	2,219,290	1,763,015	33.8	38.7	29.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	27,125	12,675	14,455	27.8	26.5	29.2	3,331,350	1,567,480	1,763,870	28.3	27.3	29.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	42.5	40.1	41.4	42.5	40.1	41.1	41.9	40.1	41.1	41.9	40.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	66,300	34,790	31,510	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,399,205	3,847,325	3,551,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	2,325	1,150	1,170	3.5	3.3	3.7	212,505	102,580	109,925	2.9	2.7	3.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	63,975	33,640	30,335	96.5	96.7	96.3	7,186,695	3,744,745	3,441,950	97.1	97.3	96.9
Employee	54,965	27,575	27,385	82.9	79.3	86.9	6,109,070	3,071,915	3,037,155	82.6	79.8	85.5
Permanent position	46,785	23,915	22,870	70.6	68.7	72.6	5,166,275	2,627,415	2,538,865	69.8	68.3	71.5
Temporary position	8,175	3,655	4,515	12.3	10.5	14.3	942,795	444,505	498,290	12.7	11.6	14.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	2,805	1,220	1,580	4.2	3.5	5.0	324,250	147,125	177,125	4.4	3.8	5.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	5,370	2,435	2,935	8.1	7.0	9.3	618,540	297,380	321,160	8.4	7.7	9.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	9,015	6,065	2,950	13.6	17.4	9.4	1,077,625	672,825	404,800	14.6	17.5	11.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	66,300	34,790	31,510	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,399,205	3,847,325	3,551,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	2,325	1,150	1,170	3.5	3.3	3.7	212,505	102,580	109,925	2.9	2.7	3.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	63,975	33,640	30,335	96.5	96.7	96.3	7,186,695	3,744,745	3,441,950	97.1	97.3	96.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	875	650	230	1.3	1.9	0.7	95,240	66,160	29,080	1.3	1.7	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	15,105	5,385	9,720	22.8	15.5	30.8	1,328,155	449,705	878,445	17.9	11.7	24.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	9,235	6,830	2,405	13.9	19.6	7.6	685,390	513,025	172,365	9.3	13.3	4.9
3 Health occupations	3,950	990	2,965	6.0	2.8	9.4	543,565	110,185	433,380	7.3	2.9	12.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,415	1,945	4,465	9.7	5.6	14.2	871,260	289,220	582,035	11.8	7.5	16.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,555	685	875	2.3	2.0	2.8	232,200	105,695	126,505	3.1	2.7	3.6
6 Sales and service occupations	14,780	6,975	7,810	22.3	20.0	24.8	1,735,930	782,170	953,760	23.5	20.3	26.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,195	8,065	1,135	13.9	23.2	3.6	1,175,410	1,063,670	111,740	15.9	27.6	3.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	465	380	80	0.7	1.1	0.3	148,055	111,985	36,075	2.0	2.9	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,390	1,740	655	3.6	5.0	2.1	371,490	252,930	118,560	5.0	6.6	3.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	66,300	34,790	31,510	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,399,205	3,847,325	3,551,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	2,325	1,150	1,170	3.5	3.3	3.7	212,505	102,580	109,925	2.9	2.7	3.1
All industries¹⁹¹	63,975	33,640	30,335	96.5	96.7	96.3	7,186,695	3,744,745	3,441,950	97.1	97.3	96.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	120	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.2	104,895	66,330	38,565	1.4	1.7	1.1
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	100	70	30	0.2	0.2	0.1	34,360	29,285	5,080	0.5	0.8	0.1
22 Utilities	330	220	110	0.5	0.6	0.3	55,230	41,785	13,445	0.7	1.1	0.4
23 Construction	3,880	3,270	615	5.9	9.4	2.0	538,340	466,825	71,515	7.3	12.1	2.0
31-33 Manufacturing	5,660	3,900	1,760	8.5	11.2	5.6	655,935	457,795	198,135	8.9	11.9	5.6
41 Wholesale trade	4,175	2,360	1,810	6.3	6.8	5.7	244,910	157,760	87,155	3.3	4.1	2.5
44-45 Retail trade	7,345	3,675	3,675	11.1	10.6	11.7	798,090	383,965	414,135	10.8	10.0	11.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	4,440	3,015	1,425	6.7	8.7	4.5	379,485	282,295	97,190	5.1	7.3	2.7
51 Information and cultural industries	1,775	1,085	695	2.7	3.1	2.2	169,120	98,930	70,190	2.3	2.6	2.0
52 Finance and insurance	4,935	2,230	2,700	7.4	6.4	8.6	399,030	185,100	213,935	5.4	4.8	6.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,475	860	615	2.2	2.5	2.0	152,050	80,630	71,420	2.1	2.1	2.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	8,155	5,065	3,085	12.3	14.6	9.8	681,235	384,400	296,835	9.2	10.0	8.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	485	155	330	0.7	0.4	1.0	26,240	12,465	13,780	0.4	0.3	0.4
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,570	1,385	1,180	3.9	4.0	3.7	324,285	183,445	140,835	4.4	4.8	4.0
61 Educational services	4,385	1,290	3,090	6.6	3.7	9.8	531,260	165,080	366,175	7.2	4.3	10.3
62 Health care and social assistance	6,220	1,300	4,915	9.4	3.7	15.6	859,910	163,580	696,335	11.6	4.3	19.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	775	395	380	1.2	1.1	1.2	130,490	67,705	62,785	1.8	1.8	1.8
72 Accommodation and food services	2,635	1,155	1,480	4.0	3.3	4.7	390,675	171,925	218,745	5.3	4.5	6.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,990	925	1,065	3.0	2.7	3.4	283,115	131,210	151,905	3.8	3.4	4.3
91 Public administration	2,530	1,225	1,305	3.8	3.5	4.1	428,030	214,245	213,785	5.8	5.6	6.0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	69,740	36,270	33,475	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,885,710	4,072,735	3,812,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	64,820	33,995	30,825	92.9	93.7	92.1	7,181,805	3,743,490	3,438,320	91.1	91.9	90.2
French	170	40	130	0.2	0.1	0.4	52,565	18,880	33,680	0.7	0.5	0.9
Non-official language	395	210	185	0.6	0.6	0.6	74,365	39,275	35,090	0.9	1.0	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	305	160	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	395	210	185	0.6	0.6	0.6	74,060	39,120	34,940	0.9	1.0	0.9
English and French	1,200	385	815	1.7	1.1	2.4	285,005	121,875	163,125	3.6	3.0	4.3
English and non-official language(s)	3,030	1,600	1,430	4.3	4.4	4.3	275,330	141,295	134,035	3.5	3.5	3.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	355	150	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	100	30	70	0.1	0.1	0.2	10,820	4,890	5,925	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,475	2,885	2,585	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	69,740	36,270	33,475	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,885,710	4,072,735	3,812,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	68,995	35,930	33,060	98.9	99.1	98.8	7,783,760	4,024,730	3,759,025	98.7	98.8	98.6
Official languages	68,080	35,465	32,610	97.6	97.8	97.4	7,649,065	3,955,095	3,693,975	97.0	97.1	96.9
English	67,775	35,390	32,380	97.2	97.6	96.7	7,555,160	3,920,680	3,634,480	95.8	96.3	95.3
French	310	70	235	0.4	0.2	0.7	93,910	34,410	59,495	1.2	0.8	1.6
Non-official languages	910	460	445	1.3	1.3	1.3	134,690	69,640	65,050	1.7	1.7	1.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,240	610	630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,185	590	595	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	75	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	75	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	75	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,030	515	510	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	465	250	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	265	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	250	285	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	910	460	445	1.3	1.3	1.3	133,450	69,030	64,420	1.7	1.7	1.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	60	45	0.2	0.2	0.1	4,830	2,800	2,035	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	90	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	80	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	95	60	40	0.1	0.2	0.1	4,615	2,700	1,915	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	90	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,735	2,195	1,540	0.0	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	305	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	235	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	65	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	315	130	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0	3,365	1,510	1,855	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	60	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0	3,225	1,450	1,775	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,530	655	875	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	40	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,330	555	780	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,660	1,255	1,410	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	95	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,440	1,150	1,295	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	10	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	435	235	195	0.6	0.6	0.6	50,205	27,580	22,620	0.6	0.7	0.6
Albanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	155	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	195	90	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,865	3,075	3,790	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	15	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	0	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,790	3,065	3,730	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	60	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0	1,765	815	950	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,295	1,335	1,965	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	605	360	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	65	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	80	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	395	220	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	910	435	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,320	3,975	3,345	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,945	3,185	2,760	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,210	1,685	1,525	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,555	1,400	1,150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	65	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	35	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,275	735	540	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	360	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	40	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	515	320	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	355	200	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	230	120	110	0.3	0.3	0.3	19,460	11,125	8,335	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	225	115	105	0.3	0.3	0.3	15,015	8,755	6,260	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	205	235	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	850	410	445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,145	545	600	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	70	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	45	20	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,235	6,485	3,755	0.1	0.2	0.1
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	60	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	120	60	60	0.2	0.2	0.2	2,080	975	1,105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,435	2,360	2,075	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	100	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	50	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,210	2,200	2,005	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	415	220	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,415	1,735	1,675	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	380	250	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	75	50	0.2	0.2	0.1	15,735	8,955	6,780	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,005	420	585	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	35	30	0	0.1	0.1	0.0	5,645	3,510	2,140	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	155	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,765	4,860	3,910	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,075	400	675	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,460	2,620	2,835	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	75	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	845	320	525	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	300	490	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	235	90	150	0.3	0.2	0.4	61,525	30,930	30,595	0.8	0.8	0.8
Chinese languages	235	90	150	0.3	0.2	0.4	61,360	30,840	30,520	0.8	0.8	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	210	80	130	0.3	0.2	0.4	37,260	18,740	18,525	0.5	0.5	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	60	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	23,610	11,880	11,730	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	115	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	80	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	35	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	30	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	35	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	170	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	150	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	970	480	490	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	905	455	450	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	350	165	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	15	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	130	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	750	340	410	1.1	0.9	1.2	101,955	48,010	53,945	1.3	1.2	1.4
English and French	210	65	150	0.3	0.2	0.4	46,525	19,475	27,055	0.6	0.5	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	525	280	245	0.8	0.8	0.7	53,330	27,575	25,755	0.7	0.7	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	70	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	880	395	485	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,060	490	565	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	69,740	36,270	33,475	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,885,710	4,072,735	3,812,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	66,020	34,520	31,500	94.7	95.2	94.1	7,400,850	3,844,820	3,556,035	93.9	94.4	93.3
English	590	265	325	0.8	0.7	1.0	89,345	39,850	49,495	1.1	1.0	1.3
French	875	295	580	1.3	0.8	1.7	199,430	87,785	111,645	2.5	2.2	2.9
Non-official language	1,790	915	870	2.6	2.5	2.6	154,150	79,615	74,535	2.0	2.0	2.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,895	1,115	1,785	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,790	915	870	2.6	2.5	2.6	151,255	78,510	72,750	1.9	1.9	1.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	100	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1	7,395	3,425	3,970	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	65	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,510	3,515	3,995	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	45	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	360	240	120	0.5	0.7	0.4	26,705	13,575	13,125	0.3	0.3	0.3
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	57,630	30,670	26,960	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,492,895	3,416,955	3,075,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	21,055	10,200	10,850	36.5	33.3	40.2	1,929,760	904,345	1,025,415	29.7	26.5	33.3
Worked outside Canada	305	220	90	0.5	0.7	0.3	29,740	19,860	9,875	0.5	0.6	0.3
No fixed workplace address	5,635	4,195	1,435	9.8	13.7	5.3	765,180	576,300	188,880	11.8	16.9	6.1
Usual place of work	30,635	16,045	14,580	53.2	52.3	54.1	3,768,210	1,916,445	1,851,765	58.0	56.1	60.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	30,635	16,050	14,580	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,768,210	1,916,445	1,851,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	18,685	9,065	9,615	61.0	56.5	65.9	2,212,620	1,041,890	1,170,730	58.7	54.4	63.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,535	1,515	1,020	8.3	9.4	7.0	653,055	340,750	312,310	17.3	17.8	16.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	9,360	5,435	3,925	30.6	33.9	26.9	885,485	523,590	361,890	23.5	27.3	19.5
Commute to a different province or territory	60	40	20	0.2	0.2	0.1	17,050	10,215	6,835	0.5	0.5	0.4
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	36,265	20,240	16,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,533,390	2,492,745	2,040,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	31,325	18,050	13,265	86.4	89.2	82.8	3,790,545	2,161,945	1,628,600	83.6	86.7	79.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	28,325	16,995	11,325	78.1	84.0	70.7	3,451,650	2,022,010	1,429,635	76.1	81.1	70.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	2,990	1,050	1,940	8.2	5.2	12.1	338,895	139,935	198,960	7.5	5.6	9.7
Public transit	2,930	1,280	1,650	8.1	6.3	10.3	390,140	163,395	226,745	8.6	6.6	11.1
Walked	800	355	445	2.2	1.8	2.8	208,380	94,020	114,370	4.6	3.8	5.6
Bicycle	90	70	30	0.2	0.3	0.2	37,665	26,230	11,440	0.8	1.1	0.6
Other method	1,120	495	625	3.1	2.4	3.9	106,655	47,160	59,495	2.4	1.9	2.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	36,265	20,240	16,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,533,390	2,492,745	2,040,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	6,640	3,100	3,540	18.3	15.3	22.1	1,283,185	621,485	661,700	28.3	24.9	32.4
15 to 29 minutes	13,555	7,255	6,290	37.4	35.8	39.3	1,527,580	823,940	703,640	33.7	33.1	34.5
30 to 44 minutes	9,240	5,600	3,635	25.5	27.7	22.7	934,230	555,195	379,030	20.6	22.3	18.6
45 to 59 minutes	3,270	2,065	1,205	9.0	10.2	7.5	375,215	226,980	148,230	8.3	9.1	7.3
60 minutes and over	3,565	2,220	1,345	9.8	11.0	8.4	413,180	265,140	148,040	9.1	10.6	7.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	36,265	20,240	16,020	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,533,390	2,492,745	2,040,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,595	1,885	705	7.2	9.3	4.4	351,800	257,455	94,350	7.8	10.3	4.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,755	3,620	2,135	15.9	17.9	13.3	797,475	512,385	285,090	17.6	20.6	14.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,095	4,440	3,655	22.3	21.9	22.8	1,066,580	572,020	494,565	23.5	22.9	24.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,300	3,885	4,410	22.9	19.2	27.5	938,175	426,175	511,995	20.7	17.1	25.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,195	3,230	2,970	17.1	16.0	18.5	632,825	298,665	334,160	14.0	12.0	16.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,325	3,190	2,135	14.7	15.8	13.3	746,530	426,045	320,485	16.5	17.1	15.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	24,175	12,555	11,625	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,781,415	1,429,175	1,352,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,095	1,080	1,010	8.7	8.6	8.7	349,875	176,750	173,120	12.6	12.4	12.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	22,085	11,475	10,610	91.4	91.4	91.3	2,431,540	1,252,420	1,179,120	87.4	87.6	87.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	18,745	9,740	9,010	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,047,210	1,053,155	994,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,750	905	845	9.3	9.3	9.4	268,250	135,205	133,045	13.1	12.8	13.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	1,115	570	545	5.9	5.9	6.0	179,995	88,815	91,175	8.8	8.4	9.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	640	340	295	3.4	3.5	3.3	88,260	46,390	41,870	4.3	4.4	4.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	16,995	8,835	8,160	90.7	90.7	90.6	1,778,960	917,950	861,010	86.9	87.2	86.6

Symbol legend

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 7, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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