Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Ramara, Township (TP)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	10,377	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	9,488	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	9.4	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,166	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,408	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	25.0	...	...	25.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	414.94	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	10,375	5,285	5,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,185	630	555	11.4	11.9	10.9
0 to 4 years	375	185	190	3.6	3.5	3.7
5 to 9 years	385	210	170	3.7	4.0	3.3
10 to 14 years	430	230	195	4.1	4.4	3.8
15 to 64 years	6,310	3,185	3,130	60.8	60.3	61.4
15 to 19 years	485	250	235	4.7	4.7	4.6
20 to 24 years	465	265	205	4.5	5.0	4.0
25 to 29 years	430	225	205	4.1	4.3	4.0
30 to 34 years	505	275	235	4.9	5.2	4.6
35 to 39 years	435	220	215	4.2	4.2	4.2
40 to 44 years	460	220	235	4.4	4.2	4.6
45 to 49 years	565	290	270	5.4	5.5	5.3
50 to 54 years	730	340	390	7.0	6.4	7.7
55 to 59 years	1,045	500	545	10.1	9.5	10.7
60 to 64 years	1,180	590	590	11.4	11.2	11.6
65 years and over	2,880	1,470	1,415	27.8	27.8	27.8
65 to 69 years	1,050	530	520	10.1	10.0	10.2
70 to 74 years	805	420	385	7.8	7.9	7.6
75 to 79 years	495	255	240	4.8	4.8	4.7
80 to 84 years	300	150	150	2.9	2.8	2.9
85 years and over	225	110	110	2.2	2.1	2.2
85 to 89 years	155	85	70	1.5	1.6	1.4
90 to 94 years	60	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
95 to 99 years	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.4	11.9	10.9	11.4	11.9	10.9
15 to 64 years	60.8	60.3	61.4	60.8	60.3	61.4
65 years and over	27.8	27.8	27.8	27.8	27.8	27.8
85 years and over	2.2	2.1	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.2
Average age of the population	48.6	48.1	49.2	48.6	48.1	49.2
Median age of the population	54.4	54.0	54.8	54.4	54.0	54.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	4,025	...	...	91.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
Row house	270	...	...	6.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	50	...	...	1.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,055	...	...	23.9	...	...
2 persons	2,000	...	...	45.4	...	...
3 persons	575	...	...	13.0	...	...
4 persons	480	...	...	10.9	...	...
5 or more persons	295	...	...	6.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	10,360	5,275	5,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,190	4,650	4,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	5,975	2,980	2,990	65.0	64.1	65.9
Married	4,830	2,420	2,415	52.6	52.0	53.2
Living common-law	1,140	565	575	12.4	12.2	12.7
Living common law - Never married	655	315	335	7.1	6.8	7.4
Living common law - Separated	75	45	35	0.8	1.0	0.8
Living common law - Divorced	345	170	170	3.8	3.7	3.7
Living common law - Widowed	65	30	30	0.7	0.6	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	3,220	1,670	1,550	35.0	35.9	34.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,865	1,085	775	20.3	23.3	17.1
Not married and not living common law - Separated	285	150	130	3.1	3.2	2.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	565	285	280	6.1	6.1	6.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	505	140	365	5.5	3.0	8.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,335	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,135	...	...	64.0	...	...
3 persons	575	...	...	17.2	...	...
4 persons	440	...	...	13.2	...	...
5 or more persons	185	...	...	5.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,335	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,955	...	...	88.6	...	...
Married couples	2,385	...	...	71.5	...	...
With children⁶	840	...	...	25.2	...	...
Without children	1,540	...	...	46.2	...	...
Common-law couples	570	...	...	17.1	...	...
With children⁶	220	...	...	6.6	...	...
Without children	350	...	...	10.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	380	...	...	11.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	260	...	...	7.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	115	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	10,360	5,275	5,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	8,755	4,440	4,315	84.5	84.2	84.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,905	2,940	2,965	57.0	55.7	58.3
Parents in one-parent families	380	115	265	3.7	2.2	5.2
Children⁶	2,470	1,385	1,090	23.8	26.3	21.4
In a two-parent family	1,900	1,050	855	18.3	19.9	16.8
In a one-parent family	565	330	235	5.5	6.3	4.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,605	835	770	15.5	15.8	15.1
Living alone	1,055	560	495	10.2	10.6	9.7
Living with other relatives⁷	245	115	130	2.4	2.2	2.6
Living with non-relatives only	305	155	150	2.9	2.9	2.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,895	...	...	65.7	...	...
Couple-family households	2,635	...	...	59.8	...	...
With children⁶	915	...	...	20.8	...	...
Without children	1,725	...	...	39.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	255	...	...	5.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	145	...	...	3.3	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35	...	...	0.8	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	145	...	...	3.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	135	...	...	3.1	...	...
One-person households	1,055	...	...	24.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	9,175	4,645	4,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,920	4,505	4,415	97.2	97.0	97.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	45,200	35,200	40,400	45,200	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,930	4,515	4,415	97.3	97.2	97.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	40,400	32,000	36,400	40,400	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,025	4,125	3,900	87.5	88.8	86.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	38,800	25,200	31,800	38,800	25,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,960	3,180	2,780	65.0	68.5	61.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,600	36,000	25,600	30,600	36,000	25,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,160	4,115	4,035	88.9	88.6	89.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,000	11,000	12,800	12,000	11,000	12,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	910	455	455	9.9	9.8	10.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,840	5,840	5,680	5,840	5,840	5,680
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,450	1,245	1,210	26.7	26.8	26.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	9,175	4,645	4,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,895	4,480	4,420	96.9	96.4	97.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,440	55,850	44,960	50,440	55,850	44,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,910	4,490	4,420	97.1	96.7	97.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,640	47,000	38,200	42,640	47,000	38,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,965	4,050	3,920	86.8	87.2	86.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,040	50,200	37,640	44,040	50,200	37,640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,965	3,130	2,840	65.0	67.4	62.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	44,880	37,200	41,200	44,880	37,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,105	4,135	3,970	88.3	89.0	87.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,110	11,370	12,880	12,110	11,370	12,880
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	880	450	430	9.6	9.7	9.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,420	6,320	6,520	6,420	6,320	6,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,445	1,240	1,210	26.6	26.7	26.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,860	8,460	9,260	8,860	8,460	9,260
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	9,175	4,645	4,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,400	1,360	1,045	26.2	29.3	23.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,000	66,500	54,000	60,000	66,500	54,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,600	70,000	64,400	67,600	70,000	64,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,485	1,150	1,340	27.1	24.8	29.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,200	20,400	13,800	16,200	20,400	13,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,500	30,000	21,680	25,500	30,000	21,680
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.2	81.2	74.2	78.2	81.2	74.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	54.8	56.1	53.1	54.8	56.1	53.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.9	18.8	25.8	21.9	18.8	25.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.1	1.4	1.3	1.1	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.5	4.7	6.6	5.5	4.7	6.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.8	4.2	5.6	4.8	4.2	5.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	9,175	4,645	4,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	250	135	115	2.7	2.9	2.5
With total income	8,925	4,510	4,410	97.3	97.1	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	695	285	405	7.8	6.3	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,125	475	650	12.6	10.5	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	1,435	635	805	16.1	14.1	18.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,175	550	620	13.2	12.2	14.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,085	550	535	12.2	12.2	12.1
$50,000 to $59,999	870	445	420	9.7	9.9	9.5
$60,000 to $69,999	645	360	280	7.2	8.0	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	490	300	195	5.5	6.7	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	370	230	145	4.1	5.1	3.3
$90,000 to $99,999	255	160	100	2.9	3.5	2.3
$100,000 and over	790	520	265	8.9	11.5	6.0
$100,000 to $149,999	555	360	195	6.2	8.0	4.4
$150,000 and over	235	165	65	2.6	3.7	1.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	9,175	4,645	4,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	245	130	115	2.7	2.8	2.5
With after-tax income	8,930	4,515	4,415	97.3	97.2	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	760	310	450	8.5	6.9	10.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,175	505	670	13.2	11.2	15.2
$20,000 to $29,999	1,640	710	930	18.4	15.7	21.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,405	700	700	15.7	15.5	15.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,190	620	575	13.3	13.7	13.0
$50,000 to $59,999	905	505	400	10.1	11.2	9.1
$60,000 to $69,999	590	360	230	6.6	8.0	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	430	270	165	4.8	6.0	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	275	155	120	3.1	3.4	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	155	95	65	1.7	2.1	1.5
$100,000 and over	395	285	110	4.4	6.3	2.5
$100,000 to $124,999	210	155	50	2.4	3.4	1.1
$125,000 and over	190	130	60	2.1	2.9	1.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	9,175	4,645	4,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,210	1,460	1,750	35.0	31.4	38.6
With employment income	5,965	3,185	2,785	65.0	68.6	61.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,170	615	555	19.6	19.3	19.9
$5,000 to $9,999	515	230	280	8.6	7.2	10.1
$10,000 to $19,999	725	335	390	12.2	10.5	14.0
$20,000 to $29,999	540	265	275	9.1	8.3	9.9
$30,000 to $39,999	535	265	270	9.0	8.3	9.7
$40,000 to $49,999	520	270	250	8.7	8.5	9.0
$50,000 to $59,999	430	245	190	7.2	7.7	6.8
$60,000 to $69,999	355	205	155	6.0	6.4	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	275	175	100	4.6	5.5	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	225	140	80	3.8	4.4	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	205	115	85	3.4	3.6	3.1
$100,000 and over	485	330	155	8.1	10.4	5.6
$100,000 to $124,999	245	155	95	4.1	4.9	3.4
$125,000 and over	240	180	60	4.0	5.7	2.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	9,175	4,645	4,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,835	4,450	4,380	96.3	95.8	96.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	45,200	34,000	39,200	45,200	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,840	4,455	4,390	96.3	95.9	96.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	40,000	31,000	35,200	40,000	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,075	4,135	3,940	88.0	89.0	87.0
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	40,800	28,800	34,400	40,800	28,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,150	3,280	2,875	67.0	70.6	63.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,400	30,000	33,600	38,400	30,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,725	3,890	3,835	84.2	83.7	84.7
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,600	4,440	7,800	6,600	4,440	7,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	660	335	325	7.2	7.2	7.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,800	6,040	5,760	5,800	6,040	5,760
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	9,175	4,645	4,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,780	4,425	4,360	95.7	95.3	96.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,520	55,500	43,480	49,520	55,500	43,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,790	4,425	4,365	95.8	95.3	96.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,440	45,920	36,880	41,440	45,920	36,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,995	4,065	3,930	87.1	87.5	86.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,880	52,250	39,320	45,880	52,250	39,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,135	3,240	2,895	66.9	69.8	63.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600	47,640	39,080	43,600	47,640	39,080
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,655	3,890	3,760	83.4	83.7	83.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,870	8,490	9,260	8,870	8,490	9,260
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	595	305	290	6.5	6.6	6.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,280	7,000	7,600	7,280	7,000	7,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	9,175	4,645	4,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,400	1,355	1,040	26.2	29.2	23.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,200	65,500	52,000	57,200	65,500	52,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,100	69,500	61,700	66,100	69,500	61,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,400	1,140	1,260	26.2	24.5	27.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,000	25,200	19,400	22,000	25,200	19,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,440	35,400	27,900	31,440	35,400	27,900
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.4	86.6	81.6	84.4	86.6	81.6
Employment income (%)	61.5	62.9	59.7	61.5	62.9	59.7
Government transfers (%)	15.6	13.4	18.4	15.6	13.4	18.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.9	1.2	1.0	0.9	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,410	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,055	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,800	...	...	44,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...	40,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,350	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,410	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	101,800	...	...	101,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	86,100	...	...	86,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,055	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,200	...	...	58,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,300	...	...	49,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,360	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,500	...	...	115,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,700	...	...	97,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	70	...	...	1.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	110	...	...	2.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	150	...	...	3.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	110	...	...	2.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	150	...	...	3.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	180	...	...	4.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	155	...	...	3.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	340	...	...	7.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	365	...	...	8.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	320	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	305	...	...	6.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	265	...	...	6.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,790	...	...	40.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	580	...	...	13.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	410	...	...	9.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	440	...	...	10.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	355	...	...	8.0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	1.2	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	80	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	135	...	...	3.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	150	...	...	3.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	130	...	...	2.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	175	...	...	4.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	200	...	...	4.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	200	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	430	...	...	9.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	400	...	...	9.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	375	...	...	8.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	325	...	...	7.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	335	...	...	7.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,370	...	...	31.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	550	...	...	12.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	340	...	...	7.7	...	...
$150,000 and over	490	...	...	11.1	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,260	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,740	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,080	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	330	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,360	720	640	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	44,800	38,800	42,000	44,800	38,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,600	40,000	35,600	37,600	40,000	35,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,295	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	115,100	...	...	115,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,200	...	...	97,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,750	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,300	...	...	104,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,400	...	...	87,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,065	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	144,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	335	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,400	...	...	82,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,250	680	575	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	55,500	60,500	49,800	55,500	60,500	49,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,300	50,800	43,200	47,300	50,800	43,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	10,360	5,275	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,470	780	695	14.2	14.8	13.7
0 to 5 years	445	230	215	4.3	4.4	4.2
18 to 64 years	6,010	3,030	2,980	58.0	57.4	58.6
65 years and over	2,880	1,465	1,410	27.8	27.8	27.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	925	475	450	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	145	75	70	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	50	25	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	530	290	245	...	...	...
65 years and over	245	110	135	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.9	9.0	8.8	8.9	9.0	8.8
0 to 17 years (%)	9.8	9.6	10.4	9.8	9.6	10.4
0 to 5 years (%)	10.8	10.0	11.0	10.8	10.0	11.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.9	9.6	8.2	8.9	9.6	8.2
65 years and over (%)	8.6	7.6	9.6	8.6	7.6	9.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	10,360	5,275	5,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,475	780	695	14.2	14.8	13.7
0 to 5 years	445	225	220	4.3	4.3	4.3
18 to 64 years	6,015	3,030	2,980	58.1	57.4	58.5
65 years and over	2,875	1,465	1,410	27.8	27.8	27.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	225	130	90	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	20	20	5	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	165	100	70	...	...	...
65 years and over	35	15	15	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.1	2.5	1.8	2.1	2.5	1.8
0 to 17 years (%)	1.6	2.0	1.0	1.6	2.0	1.0
0 to 5 years (%)	1.2	x	x	1.2	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.8	3.2	2.3	2.8	3.2	2.3
65 years and over (%)	1.1	1.2	1.0	1.1	1.2	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	10,360	5,275	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	4,930	2,475	2,460	47.6	46.9	48.4
In bottom decile	810	415	390	7.8	7.9	7.7
In second decile	1,030	505	530	9.9	9.6	10.4
In third decile	1,045	525	520	10.1	10.0	10.2
In fourth decile	1,035	520	520	10.0	9.9	10.2
In fifth decile	1,010	510	500	9.7	9.7	9.8
In top half of the distribution	5,430	2,805	2,630	52.4	53.2	51.7
In sixth decile	1,190	620	570	11.5	11.8	11.2
In seventh decile	1,145	585	560	11.1	11.1	11.0
In eighth decile	1,145	595	550	11.1	11.3	10.8
In ninth decile	1,100	565	530	10.6	10.7	10.4
In top decile	860	440	420	8.3	8.3	8.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	10,360	...	...	10,360	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.305	...	...	0.305	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.430	...	...	0.430	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.272	...	...	0.272	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	10,370	5,275	5,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	9,930	5,105	4,825	95.8	96.8	94.8
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	410	160	250	4.0	3.0	4.9
Neither English nor French	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	10,370	5,275	5,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,245	5,225	5,025	98.8	99.1	98.7
French	80	35	45	0.8	0.7	0.9
English and French	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	10,370	5,275	5,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,245	5,215	5,030	98.8	98.9	98.8
Official languages	9,520	4,835	4,680	91.8	91.7	91.9
English	9,430	4,800	4,630	90.9	91.0	91.0
French	85	35	50	0.8	0.7	1.0
Non-official languages	725	375	350	7.0	7.1	6.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	725	375	350	7.0	7.1	6.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	560	300	260	5.4	5.7	5.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	165	85	80	1.6	1.6	1.6
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Latvian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	160	85	75	1.5	1.6	1.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Polish	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Russian	75	35	35	0.7	0.7	0.7
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ukrainian	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	165	90	75	1.6	1.7	1.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	115	65	55	1.1	1.2	1.1
German	110	55	50	1.1	1.0	1.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	170	85	80	1.6	1.6	1.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	85	50	35	0.8	0.9	0.7
Portuguese	40	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Romanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	35	35	0.7	0.7	0.7
Chinese languages	75	35	35	0.7	0.7	0.7
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Estonian	5	10	0	0.0	0.2	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	25	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	125	65	60	1.2	1.2	1.2
English and French	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	75	40	35	0.7	0.8	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	10,370	5,275	5,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,755	4,970	4,785	94.1	94.2	94.0
French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	115	60	60	1.1	1.1	1.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	115	60	60	1.1	1.1	1.2
English and French	70	30	35	0.7	0.6	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	400	210	190	3.9	4.0	3.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	10,370	5,275	5,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,275	5,235	5,040	99.1	99.2	99.0
Official languages	10,080	5,130	4,945	97.2	97.3	97.2
English	10,065	5,120	4,940	97.1	97.1	97.1
French	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-official languages	200	100	95	1.9	1.9	1.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	200	100	95	1.9	1.9	1.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	130	65	65	1.3	1.2	1.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	75	40	40	0.7	0.8	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	75	40	40	0.7	0.8	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Polish	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	50	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	95	45	50	0.9	0.9	1.0
English and French	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	80	40	40	0.8	0.8	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	10,370	5,275	5,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,960	5,070	4,890	96.0	96.1	96.1
English	75	45	35	0.7	0.9	0.7
French	55	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Non-official language	235	120	115	2.3	2.3	2.3
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	235	120	115	2.3	2.3	2.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	10,360	5,275	5,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	10,350	5,265	5,085	99.9	99.8	99.9
English	10,350	5,265	5,085	99.9	99.8	99.9
French	375	140	240	3.6	2.7	4.7
Non-official languages	1,045	515	530	10.1	9.8	10.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,035	515	515	10.0	9.8	10.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Maltese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	840	430	415	8.1	8.2	8.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	250	120	135	2.4	2.3	2.7
Baltic languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages	240	115	125	2.3	2.2	2.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	80	40	40	0.8	0.8	0.8
Russian	115	55	55	1.1	1.0	1.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	245	130	120	2.4	2.5	2.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	180	100	80	1.7	1.9	1.6
German	160	90	75	1.5	1.7	1.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	45	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indo-Iranian languages	75	45	25	0.7	0.9	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	65	35	25	0.6	0.7	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	25	25	0.4	0.5	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	255	110	145	2.5	2.1	2.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	120	60	60	1.2	1.1	1.2
Portuguese	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Romanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Spanish	95	35	55	0.9	0.7	1.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	35	45	0.8	0.7	0.9
Chinese languages	80	35	45	0.8	0.7	0.9
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.8
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Hungarian	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,360	5,275	5,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	495	260	240	4.8	4.9	4.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	480	255	230	4.6	4.8	4.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	370	190	180	3.6	3.6	3.5
Métis	110	65	45	1.1	1.2	0.9
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	9,865	5,015	4,850	95.2	95.1	95.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,360	5,275	5,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	250	130	120	2.4	2.5	2.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,115	5,140	4,970	97.6	97.4	97.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	4,020	...	...	91.2	...	...
Renter	385	...	...	8.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	330	...	...	7.5	...	...
Not condominium	4,075	...	...	92.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	130	...	...	2.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	875	...	...	19.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,110	...	...	47.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,280	...	...	29.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	525	...	...	11.9	...	...
5 rooms	740	...	...	16.8	...	...
6 rooms	815	...	...	18.5	...	...
7 rooms	640	...	...	14.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,685	...	...	38.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,390	...	...	99.5	...	...
More than one person per room	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,310	...	...	97.7	...	...
Not suitable	100	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	885	...	...	20.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,285	...	...	29.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	770	...	...	17.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	500	...	...	11.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	315	...	...	7.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	310	...	...	7.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	125	...	...	2.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	220	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,100	...	...	93.0	...	...
Major repairs needed	310	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,950	...	...	44.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,295	...	...	52.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	165	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	275	...	...	6.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	450	...	...	10.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	680	...	...	15.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,260	...	...	28.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,070	...	...	24.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	520	...	...	11.8	...	...
85 years and over	135	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,310	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,420	...	...	79.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	890	...	...	20.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	785	...	...	18.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,190	...	...	27.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	800	...	...	18.2	...	...
Not suitable only	70	...	...	1.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	205	...	...	4.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	85	...	...	1.9	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,220	...	...	73.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	250	...	...	5.9	...	...
Not in core need	3,955	...	...	94.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,950	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	50.5	...	...	50.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.7	...	...	18.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.6	...	...	4.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,100	...	...	1,100	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,358	...	...	1,358	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	650,000	...	...	650,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	748,000	...	...	748,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	380	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	40.8	...	...	40.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	20.0	...	...	20.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,210	...	...	1,210	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,276	...	...	1,276	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	10,360	5,275	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	210	135	70	2.0	2.6	1.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	200	135	70	1.9	2.6	1.4
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	180	125	60	1.7	2.4	1.2
Métis single ancestry	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	375	170	210	3.6	3.2	4.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	350	155	195	3.4	2.9	3.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	260	110	145	2.5	2.1	2.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	80	45	35	0.8	0.9	0.7
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	9,780	4,975	4,810	94.4	94.3	94.6
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	10,365	5,275	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	10,235	5,225	5,005	98.7	99.1	98.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,520	795	725	14.7	15.1	14.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,720	4,430	4,285	84.1	84.0	84.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	130	50	80	1.3	0.9	1.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	10,365	5,275	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	9,240	4,725	4,515	89.1	89.6	88.8
Immigrants⁸¹	1,125	555	575	10.9	10.5	11.3
Before 1980	660	345	310	6.4	6.5	6.1
1980 to 1990	100	45	60	1.0	0.9	1.2
1991 to 2000	160	75	90	1.5	1.4	1.8
2001 to 2010	135	70	70	1.3	1.3	1.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	65	20	45	0.6	0.4	0.9
2011 to 2015	55	20	35	0.5	0.4	0.7
2016 to 2021	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,125	555	575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	200	115	85	17.8	20.7	14.8
5 to 14 years	195	105	85	17.3	18.9	14.8
15 to 24 years	305	135	170	27.1	24.3	29.6
25 to 44 years	320	140	185	28.4	25.2	32.2
45 years and over	105	60	45	9.3	10.8	7.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,125	555	575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	135	65	75	12.0	11.7	13.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	10	10	1.3	1.8	1.7
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	85	35	50	7.6	6.3	8.7
Other places of birth in Americas	15	15	0	1.3	2.7	0.0
Europe	770	395	375	68.4	71.2	65.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	125	75	45	11.1	13.5	7.8
Greece	15	0	10	1.3	0.0	1.7
Hungary	20	10	0	1.8	1.8	0.0
Italy	60	25	30	5.3	4.5	5.2
Netherlands	35	25	10	3.1	4.5	1.7
Poland	30	10	15	2.7	1.8	2.6
Portugal	25	15	10	2.2	2.7	1.7
Romania	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.7
Russian Federation	40	25	20	3.6	4.5	3.5
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	25	15	0	2.2	2.7	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	280	135	140	24.9	24.3	24.3
Other places of birth in Europe	110	40	70	9.8	7.2	12.2
Africa	25	0	25	2.2	0.0	4.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	15	1.3	0.0	2.6
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	180	90	90	16.0	16.2	15.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	55	15	35	4.9	2.7	6.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	0	1.3	1.8	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	30	10	20	2.7	1.8	3.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	15	10	2.2	2.7	1.7
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0	1.3	1.8	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.7
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	10,360	5,275	5,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,200	590	610	11.6	11.2	12.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,680	860	820	16.2	16.3	16.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	7,485	3,825	3,655	72.2	72.5	71.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	465	205	260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	285	120	160	61.3	58.5	61.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	120	65	55	25.8	31.7	21.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	165	55	105	35.5	26.8	40.4
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	150	65	85	32.3	31.7	32.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	25	15	10	5.4	7.3	3.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	465	205	260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	10	0	2.2	4.9	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	75	20	50	16.1	9.8	19.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	10	4.3	4.9	3.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	10	0	2.2	4.9	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	2.2	0.0	3.8
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	340	155	185	73.1	75.6	71.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	10,360	5,275	5,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	335	170	165	3.2	3.2	3.2
South Asian	85	45	45	0.8	0.9	0.9
Chinese	100	50	50	1.0	0.9	1.0
Black	40	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Filipino	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	10,025	5,105	4,925	96.8	96.8	96.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	10,365	5,275	5,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,795	930	865	17.3	17.6	17.0
English	3,485	1,700	1,790	33.6	32.2	35.2
Irish	2,585	1,240	1,345	24.9	23.5	26.5
Scottish	2,535	1,270	1,270	24.5	24.1	25.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	825	405	420	8.0	7.7	8.3
German	985	580	400	9.5	11.0	7.9
Chinese	125	65	60	1.2	1.2	1.2
Italian	540	300	245	5.2	5.7	4.8
Indian (India)	75	40	35	0.7	0.8	0.7
Ukrainian	305	185	120	2.9	3.5	2.4
Dutch	395	190	205	3.8	3.6	4.0
Polish	320	165	150	3.1	3.1	2.9
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	485	240	245	4.7	4.5	4.8
Filipino	50	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
French Canadian	125	55	80	1.2	1.0	1.6
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	235	120	115	2.3	2.3	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	160	60	95	1.5	1.1	1.9
Métis	130	65	65	1.3	1.2	1.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	125	70	60	1.2	1.3	1.2
Russian	165	80	85	1.6	1.5	1.7
Norwegian	45	20	30	0.4	0.4	0.6
Welsh	225	85	140	2.2	1.6	2.8
Portuguese	75	35	40	0.7	0.7	0.8
American	100	35	65	1.0	0.7	1.3
Spanish	65	35	30	0.6	0.7	0.6
Swedish	55	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Hungarian	100	65	40	1.0	1.2	0.8
Acadian	45	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	95	50	45	0.9	0.9	0.9
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	80	50	35	0.8	0.9	0.7
Jamaican	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Korean	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Romanian	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Lebanese	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Iranian	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	60	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.8
Danish	80	55	25	0.8	1.0	0.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	110	75	35	1.1	1.4	0.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	95	60	35	0.9	1.1	0.7
Belgian	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Swiss	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
Finnish	70	40	25	0.7	0.8	0.5
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	55	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	60	30	35	0.6	0.6	0.7
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	90	55	30	0.9	1.0	0.6
Newfoundlander	40	0	35	0.4	0.0	0.7
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	120	65	55	1.2	1.2	1.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
South African	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Australian	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Palestinian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	35	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Macedonian	75	30	45	0.7	0.6	0.9
Slovenian	35	20	20	0.3	0.4	0.4
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	10,360	5,275	5,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Christian	5,645	2,735	2,910	54.5	51.8	57.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	570	265	300	5.5	5.0	5.9
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	615	290	320	5.9	5.5	6.3
Baptist	225	100	125	2.2	1.9	2.5
Catholic	2,255	1,145	1,110	21.8	21.7	21.8
Christian Orthodox	90	50	45	0.9	0.9	0.9
Jehovah's Witness	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	125	65	60	1.2	1.2	1.2
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	80	35	40	0.8	0.7	0.8
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	45	25	25	0.4	0.5	0.5
Presbyterian	345	160	190	3.3	3.0	3.7
Reformed	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
United Church	900	395	505	8.7	7.5	9.9
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	345	170	170	3.3	3.2	3.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	125	60	65	1.2	1.1	1.3
Muslim	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
No religion and secular perspectives	4,440	2,400	2,030	42.9	45.5	39.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	10,310	5,250	5,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,155	4,675	4,485	88.8	89.0	88.6
Movers	1,150	570	580	11.2	10.9	11.5
Non-migrants	230	90	140	2.2	1.7	2.8
Migrants	920	480	440	8.9	9.1	8.7
Internal migrants	910	475	430	8.8	9.0	8.5
Intraprovincial migrants	870	455	410	8.4	8.7	8.1
Interprovincial migrants	45	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
External migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	9,990	5,095	4,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	6,070	3,150	2,920	60.8	61.8	59.6
Movers	3,925	1,945	1,980	39.3	38.2	40.4
Non-migrants	480	215	265	4.8	4.2	5.4
Migrants	3,445	1,730	1,715	34.5	34.0	35.0
Internal migrants	3,440	1,725	1,715	34.4	33.9	35.0
Intraprovincial migrants	3,355	1,675	1,685	33.6	32.9	34.4
Interprovincial migrants	85	55	30	0.9	1.1	0.6
External migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,175	4,645	4,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,880	1,110	765	20.5	23.9	16.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,300	3,530	3,770	79.6	76.0	83.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,290	2,635	2,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	775	490	280	14.7	18.6	10.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,515	2,145	2,370	85.3	81.4	89.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,175	4,645	4,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,605	910	700	17.5	19.6	15.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,810	1,460	1,350	30.6	31.4	29.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,760	2,275	2,485	51.9	49.0	54.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,330	1,670	1,650	36.3	36.0	36.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	760	595	160	8.3	12.8	3.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	330	215	115	3.6	4.6	2.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	430	375	45	4.7	8.1	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,375	975	1,400	25.9	21.0	30.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	195	105	90	2.1	2.3	2.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,435	600	835	15.6	12.9	18.4
Bachelor's degree	1,030	410	625	11.2	8.8	13.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	150	70	90	1.6	1.5	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
Master's degree	175	80	85	1.9	1.7	1.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,290	2,635	2,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	625	390	240	11.8	14.8	9.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,545	840	710	29.2	31.9	26.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,115	1,405	1,710	58.9	53.3	64.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,145	1,050	1,095	40.5	39.8	41.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	425	345	80	8.0	13.1	3.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	210	150	60	4.0	5.7	2.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	220	200	20	4.2	7.6	0.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,625	660	965	30.7	25.0	36.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	95	45	50	1.8	1.7	1.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	970	360	615	18.3	13.7	23.2
Bachelor's degree	695	240	450	13.1	9.1	16.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	120	50	70	2.3	1.9	2.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	10	25	0.7	0.4	0.9
Master's degree	110	45	70	2.1	1.7	2.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,180	4,645	4,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,415	2,370	2,050	48.1	51.0	45.3
Education	270	65	205	2.9	1.4	4.5
13. Education	270	65	205	2.9	1.4	4.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	40	70	1.3	0.9	1.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	95	30	65	1.0	0.6	1.4
Humanities	165	45	110	1.8	1.0	2.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	45	10	40	0.5	0.2	0.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	15	15	0.4	0.3	0.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	665	200	465	7.2	4.3	10.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	25	40	0.7	0.5	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	210	15	195	2.3	0.3	4.3
22. Legal professions and studies	80	10	70	0.9	0.2	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	105	25	85	1.1	0.5	1.9
45. Social sciences	185	115	70	2.0	2.5	1.5
Business, management and public administration	900	360	540	9.8	7.8	11.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	0	90	1.0	0.0	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	815	360	455	8.9	7.8	10.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	35	50	0.9	0.8	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	150	100	50	1.6	2.2	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	120	90	35	1.3	1.9	0.8
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,085	1,025	55	11.8	22.1	1.2
04. Architecture and related services	30	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
14. Engineering	85	70	15	0.9	1.5	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	235	230	10	2.6	5.0	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	280	255	25	3.1	5.5	0.6
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	285	285	0	3.1	6.1	0.0
48. Precision production	160	160	0	1.7	3.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	130	60	70	1.4	1.3	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	80	25	50	0.9	0.5	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	35	20	0.5	0.8	0.4
Health and related fields	780	105	670	8.5	2.3	14.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	80	35	45	0.9	0.8	1.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	680	65	620	7.4	1.4	13.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	420	230	190	4.6	5.0	4.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	165	30	135	1.8	0.6	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	185	140	40	2.0	3.0	0.9
49. Transportation and materials moving	75	60	15	0.8	1.3	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,290	2,630	2,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,175	1,230	945	41.1	46.8	35.6
Education	165	40	125	3.1	1.5	4.7
13. Education	165	40	125	3.1	1.5	4.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	20	50	1.3	0.8	1.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	20	45	1.1	0.8	1.7
Humanities	115	40	75	2.2	1.5	2.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	0	35	0.8	0.0	1.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	505	140	365	9.5	5.3	13.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	20	40	1.1	0.8	1.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	175	15	160	3.3	0.6	6.0
22. Legal professions and studies	75	0	70	1.4	0.0	2.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	70	15	50	1.3	0.6	1.9
45. Social sciences	125	80	40	2.4	3.0	1.5
Business, management and public administration	550	195	355	10.4	7.4	13.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	0	50	0.9	0.0	1.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	500	195	300	9.5	7.4	11.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	15	35	0.9	0.6	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	0	25	0.5	0.0	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	105	70	35	2.0	2.7	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	65	30	1.7	2.5	1.1
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	630	590	35	11.9	22.4	1.3
04. Architecture and related services	20	15	10	0.4	0.6	0.4
14. Engineering	40	25	15	0.8	1.0	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	155	150	0	2.9	5.7	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	140	130	10	2.6	4.9	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	180	180	0	3.4	6.8	0.0
48. Precision production	95	95	0	1.8	3.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	70	30	50	1.3	1.1	1.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50	15	35	0.9	0.6	1.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	15	0	0.5	0.6	0.0
Health and related fields	550	85	465	10.4	3.2	17.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	25	40	1.2	1.0	1.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	465	45	420	8.8	1.7	15.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	295	180	115	5.6	6.8	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	100	20	75	1.9	0.8	2.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	160	120	40	3.0	4.6	1.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	40	0	0.8	1.5	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,290	2,630	2,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,175	1,230	945	41.1	46.8	35.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,115	1,405	1,710	58.9	53.4	64.4
Location of study inside Canada	2,915	1,305	1,615	55.1	49.6	60.8
Same as province or territory of residence	2,800	1,240	1,560	52.9	47.1	58.8
Different than province or territory of residence	120	65	55	2.3	2.5	2.1
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	200	105	100	3.8	4.0	3.8
Americas	55	30	25	1.0	1.1	0.9
United States of America	45	20	25	0.9	0.8	0.9
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	75	45	30	1.4	1.7	1.1
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	20	15	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	20	20	0.8	0.8	0.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	65	25	35	1.2	1.0	1.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	9,175	4,645	4,530	...	...	...
In the labour force	5,160	2,740	2,425	...	...	...
Employed	4,430	2,355	2,070	...	...	...
Unemployed	730	380	350	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,010	1,905	2,110	...	...	...
Participation rate	56.2	59.0	53.5	56.2	59.0	53.5
Employment rate	48.3	50.7	45.7	48.3	50.7	45.7
Unemployment rate	14.1	13.9	14.4	14.1	13.9	14.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	9,180	4,645	4,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,940	1,920	2,020	42.9	41.3	44.6
Worked	5,235	2,725	2,510	57.0	58.7	55.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,530	1,440	1,085	27.6	31.0	24.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,705	1,280	1,425	29.5	27.6	31.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.7	40.7	38.6	39.7	40.7	38.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,160	2,740	2,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	80	60	2.7	2.9	2.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,025	2,655	2,365	97.4	96.9	97.7
Employee	3,940	1,980	1,960	76.4	72.3	81.0
Permanent position	3,445	1,710	1,740	66.8	62.4	71.9
Temporary position	495	275	225	9.6	10.0	9.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	125	55	70	2.4	2.0	2.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	375	220	155	7.3	8.0	6.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,085	675	405	21.0	24.6	16.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,160	2,740	2,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	80	60	2.7	2.9	2.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,025	2,655	2,365	97.4	96.9	97.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	95	65	35	1.8	2.4	1.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	685	175	515	13.3	6.4	21.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	195	160	40	3.8	5.8	1.7
3 Health occupations	400	50	350	7.8	1.8	14.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	615	215	405	11.9	7.8	16.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	125	50	70	2.4	1.8	2.9
6 Sales and service occupations	1,345	545	795	26.1	19.9	32.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,220	1,140	80	23.6	41.6	3.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	180	135	50	3.5	4.9	2.1
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	155	120	30	3.0	4.4	1.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,160	2,740	2,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	80	60	2.7	2.9	2.5
All industries¹⁹¹	5,025	2,655	2,365	97.4	96.9	97.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	100	60	40	1.9	2.2	1.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	65	65	0	1.3	2.4	0.0
22 Utilities	35	30	10	0.7	1.1	0.4
23 Construction	615	555	60	11.9	20.3	2.5
31-33 Manufacturing	290	230	65	5.6	8.4	2.7
41 Wholesale trade	150	105	45	2.9	3.8	1.9
44-45 Retail trade	700	320	385	13.6	11.7	15.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	190	130	60	3.7	4.7	2.5
51 Information and cultural industries	50	35	25	1.0	1.3	1.0
52 Finance and insurance	150	55	100	2.9	2.0	4.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	95	50	50	1.8	1.8	2.1
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	275	145	130	5.3	5.3	5.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	285	190	100	5.5	6.9	4.1
61 Educational services	370	130	240	7.2	4.7	9.9
62 Health care and social assistance	635	80	560	12.3	2.9	23.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	195	80	115	3.8	2.9	4.8
72 Accommodation and food services	315	105	205	6.1	3.8	8.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	195	120	80	3.8	4.4	3.3
91 Public administration	295	185	110	5.7	6.8	4.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,670	2,975	2,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,540	2,935	2,610	97.7	98.7	97.0
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	65	15	45	1.1	0.5	1.7
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	30	0.8	0.7	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,670	2,975	2,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,670	2,975	2,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	5,660	2,975	2,685	99.8	100.0	99.8
English	5,640	2,970	2,675	99.5	99.8	99.4
French	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,670	2,975	2,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	5,555	2,935	2,615	98.0	98.7	97.2
English	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
French	50	10	40	0.9	0.3	1.5
Non-official language	35	20	25	0.6	0.7	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	35	20	25	0.6	0.7	0.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,425	2,360	2,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	920	425	495	20.8	18.0	23.9
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	760	650	105	17.2	27.5	5.1
Usual place of work	2,735	1,275	1,455	61.8	54.0	70.3
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,735	1,280	1,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	450	240	220	16.5	18.8	15.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,650	705	945	60.3	55.1	64.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	615	330	285	22.5	25.8	19.5
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	10	0.5	0.8	0.7
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,495	1,930	1,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	3,335	1,830	1,505	95.4	94.8	96.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,105	1,715	1,390	88.8	88.9	88.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	225	110	115	6.4	5.7	7.3
Public transit	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.6
Walked	70	50	20	2.0	2.6	1.3
Bicycle	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Other method	70	40	30	2.0	2.1	1.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,495	1,930	1,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	695	355	340	19.9	18.4	21.7
15 to 29 minutes	1,215	565	655	34.8	29.3	41.9
30 to 44 minutes	615	380	235	17.6	19.7	15.0
45 to 59 minutes	385	240	150	11.0	12.4	9.6
60 minutes and over	585	395	190	16.7	20.5	12.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,495	1,930	1,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	325	225	105	9.3	11.7	6.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	675	450	235	19.3	23.3	15.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	850	465	385	24.3	24.1	24.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	770	390	375	22.0	20.2	24.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	345	120	225	9.9	6.2	14.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	530	285	245	15.2	14.8	15.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,515	800	715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	40	45	5.6	5.0	6.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,430	760	665	94.4	95.0	93.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,110	595	510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	30	35	5.9	5.0	6.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	20	25	3.6	3.4	4.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	15	2.3	1.7	2.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,040	565	475	93.7	95.0	93.1

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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