Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Essex, Town (T)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	21,216	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	20,427	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,880	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,391	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	76.4	...	...	76.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	277.53	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	21,215	10,520	10,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,245	1,725	1,520	15.3	16.4	14.2
0 to 4 years	980	490	490	4.6	4.7	4.6
5 to 9 years	1,115	605	510	5.3	5.8	4.8
10 to 14 years	1,155	630	525	5.4	6.0	4.9
15 to 64 years	13,315	6,625	6,685	62.8	63.0	62.5
15 to 19 years	1,175	605	570	5.5	5.8	5.3
20 to 24 years	1,160	595	565	5.5	5.7	5.3
25 to 29 years	1,155	600	560	5.4	5.7	5.2
30 to 34 years	1,155	575	575	5.4	5.5	5.4
35 to 39 years	1,140	560	585	5.4	5.3	5.5
40 to 44 years	1,135	550	590	5.3	5.2	5.5
45 to 49 years	1,365	685	675	6.4	6.5	6.3
50 to 54 years	1,470	725	750	6.9	6.9	7.0
55 to 59 years	1,850	885	960	8.7	8.4	9.0
60 to 64 years	1,715	860	860	8.1	8.2	8.0
65 years and over	4,650	2,165	2,490	21.9	20.6	23.3
65 to 69 years	1,485	710	775	7.0	6.7	7.2
70 to 74 years	1,280	640	645	6.0	6.1	6.0
75 to 79 years	815	370	445	3.8	3.5	4.2
80 to 84 years	515	235	285	2.4	2.2	2.7
85 years and over	555	215	345	2.6	2.0	3.2
85 to 89 years	330	135	200	1.6	1.3	1.9
90 to 94 years	155	55	100	0.7	0.5	0.9
95 to 99 years	65	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.3	16.4	14.2	15.3	16.4	14.2
15 to 64 years	62.8	63.0	62.5	62.8	63.0	62.5
65 years and over	21.9	20.6	23.3	21.9	20.6	23.3
85 years and over	2.6	2.0	3.2	2.6	2.0	3.2
Average age of the population	44.1	43.1	45.2	44.1	43.1	45.2
Median age of the population	46.8	45.6	48.0	46.8	45.6	48.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	7,095	...	...	84.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	55	...	...	0.7	...	...
Row house	295	...	...	3.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	75	...	...	0.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	380	...	...	4.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	420	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,155	...	...	25.7	...	...
2 persons	3,140	...	...	37.4	...	...
3 persons	1,200	...	...	14.3	...	...
4 persons	1,210	...	...	14.4	...	...
5 or more persons	690	...	...	8.2	...	...
Number of persons in private households	20,665	10,240	10,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	17,970	8,795	9,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	10,880	5,440	5,440	60.5	61.9	59.3
Married	9,150	4,575	4,575	50.9	52.0	49.9
Living common-law	1,725	865	865	9.6	9.8	9.4
Living common law - Never married	1,020	515	505	5.7	5.9	5.5
Living common law - Separated	110	60	55	0.6	0.7	0.6
Living common law - Divorced	525	265	265	2.9	3.0	2.9
Living common law - Widowed	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	7,090	3,360	3,735	39.5	38.2	40.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,315	2,390	1,925	24.0	27.2	21.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	455	200	260	2.5	2.3	2.8
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,155	485	670	6.4	5.5	7.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,170	280	885	6.5	3.2	9.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,235	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,340	...	...	53.6	...	...
3 persons	1,210	...	...	19.4	...	...
4 persons	1,165	...	...	18.7	...	...
5 or more persons	525	...	...	8.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,240	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	5,330	...	...	85.4	...	...
Married couples	4,465	...	...	71.6	...	...
With children⁶	2,175	...	...	34.9	...	...
Without children	2,285	...	...	36.6	...	...
Common-law couples	860	...	...	13.8	...	...
With children⁶	350	...	...	5.6	...	...
Without children	510	...	...	8.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	910	...	...	14.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	680	...	...	10.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	230	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	20,660	10,240	10,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	17,780	8,930	8,850	86.1	87.2	84.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	10,655	5,320	5,340	51.6	52.0	51.2
Parents in one-parent families	915	235	680	4.4	2.3	6.5
Children⁶	6,215	3,380	2,835	30.1	33.0	27.2
In a two-parent family	4,800	2,610	2,195	23.2	25.5	21.1
In a one-parent family	1,410	770	645	6.8	7.5	6.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,880	1,315	1,570	13.9	12.8	15.1
Living alone	2,160	985	1,170	10.5	9.6	11.2
Living with other relatives⁷	360	135	230	1.7	1.3	2.2
Living with non-relatives only	360	190	170	1.7	1.9	1.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,590	...	...	66.6	...	...
Couple-family households	4,885	...	...	58.2	...	...
With children⁶	2,315	...	...	27.6	...	...
Without children	2,570	...	...	30.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	705	...	...	8.4	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	250	...	...	3.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	175	...	...	2.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	180	...	...	2.1	...	...
One-person households	2,155	...	...	25.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	17,430	8,530	8,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,900	8,300	8,600	97.0	97.3	96.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	50,800	36,400	43,600	50,800	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,910	8,310	8,605	97.0	97.4	96.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	45,200	33,200	39,200	45,200	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,240	7,690	7,555	87.4	90.2	84.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	44,800	27,000	36,000	44,800	27,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,540	6,725	5,815	71.9	78.8	65.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	44,000	31,000	37,200	44,000	31,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,500	7,560	7,940	88.9	88.6	89.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,700	7,900	11,500	9,700	7,900	11,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,230	1,115	1,110	12.8	13.1	12.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,160	5,480	5,480	5,160	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,560	2,155	2,410	26.2	25.3	27.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	6,500	8,000	7,500	6,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	17,430	8,525	8,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,935	8,340	8,595	97.2	97.8	96.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,350	59,250	43,680	51,350	59,250	43,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,940	8,340	8,600	97.2	97.8	96.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,960	49,960	38,120	43,960	49,960	38,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,265	7,695	7,570	87.6	90.3	85.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,640	54,250	36,840	45,640	54,250	36,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,540	6,790	5,740	71.9	79.6	64.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,920	49,800	39,200	44,920	49,800	39,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,495	7,605	7,890	88.9	89.2	88.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,180	10,080	12,240	11,180	10,080	12,240
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,390	1,260	1,135	13.7	14.8	12.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,930	5,720	6,160	5,930	5,720	6,160
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,685	2,160	2,520	26.9	25.3	28.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,030	7,500	8,490	8,030	7,500	8,490
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	17,430	8,525	8,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,585	3,230	2,350	32.0	37.9	26.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,400	68,000	54,800	62,400	68,000	54,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,800	76,000	63,600	70,800	76,000	63,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,840	2,300	2,535	27.8	27.0	28.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	25,400	17,000	20,000	25,400	17,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,360	34,520	24,700	29,360	34,520	24,700
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.0	84.4	74.2	80.0	84.4	74.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	64.8	68.4	59.9	64.8	68.4	59.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	19.9	15.5	25.7	19.9	15.5	25.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.5	1.9	1.6	1.5	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	3.7	6.8	5.0	3.7	6.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.3	3.3	5.7	4.3	3.3	5.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	17,430	8,525	8,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	530	225	305	3.0	2.6	3.4
With total income	16,895	8,305	8,595	96.9	97.4	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,215	450	770	7.2	5.4	9.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,930	700	1,235	11.4	8.4	14.4
$20,000 to $29,999	2,310	885	1,425	13.7	10.7	16.6
$30,000 to $39,999	2,195	885	1,310	13.0	10.7	15.2
$40,000 to $49,999	2,215	1,135	1,075	13.1	13.7	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,845	960	885	10.9	11.6	10.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,370	760	615	8.1	9.2	7.2
$70,000 to $79,999	980	625	355	5.8	7.5	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	750	510	235	4.4	6.1	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	580	375	200	3.4	4.5	2.3
$100,000 and over	1,505	1,025	480	8.9	12.3	5.6
$100,000 to $149,999	1,125	745	380	6.7	9.0	4.4
$150,000 and over	380	275	100	2.2	3.3	1.2
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	17,430	8,525	8,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	520	220	300	3.0	2.6	3.4
With after-tax income	16,910	8,305	8,600	97.0	97.4	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,290	465	825	7.6	5.6	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,995	725	1,270	11.8	8.7	14.8
$20,000 to $29,999	2,710	1,030	1,680	16.0	12.4	19.5
$30,000 to $39,999	2,680	1,205	1,470	15.8	14.5	17.1
$40,000 to $49,999	2,605	1,355	1,245	15.4	16.3	14.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,875	1,045	835	11.1	12.6	9.7
$60,000 to $69,999	1,265	830	430	7.5	10.0	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	845	560	285	5.0	6.7	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	620	385	230	3.7	4.6	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	330	215	110	2.0	2.6	1.3
$100,000 and over	700	480	220	4.1	5.8	2.6
$100,000 to $124,999	380	255	130	2.2	3.1	1.5
$125,000 and over	320	230	90	1.9	2.8	1.0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	17,430	8,525	8,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,890	1,800	3,090	28.1	21.1	34.7
With employment income	12,535	6,725	5,810	71.9	78.9	65.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,145	1,245	905	17.1	18.5	15.6
$5,000 to $9,999	825	325	505	6.6	4.8	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,380	580	795	11.0	8.6	13.7
$20,000 to $29,999	1,135	495	640	9.1	7.4	11.0
$30,000 to $39,999	1,110	510	605	8.9	7.6	10.4
$40,000 to $49,999	1,235	580	660	9.9	8.6	11.4
$50,000 to $59,999	1,050	555	490	8.4	8.3	8.4
$60,000 to $69,999	840	510	325	6.7	7.6	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	700	465	235	5.6	6.9	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	495	350	150	3.9	5.2	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	495	325	170	3.9	4.8	2.9
$100,000 and over	1,125	800	325	9.0	11.9	5.6
$100,000 to $124,999	600	410	195	4.8	6.1	3.4
$125,000 and over	520	385	130	4.1	5.7	2.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	17,430	8,530	8,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,675	8,175	8,495	95.7	95.8	95.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	50,800	34,000	42,000	50,800	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,680	8,175	8,505	95.7	95.8	95.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	44,800	31,200	37,600	44,800	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,175	7,625	7,550	87.1	89.4	84.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	47,200	30,000	38,000	47,200	30,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,655	6,725	5,935	72.6	78.8	66.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	46,800	33,200	38,800	46,800	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,700	7,170	7,530	84.3	84.1	84.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,880	2,220	7,250	4,880	2,220	7,250
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,885	990	905	10.8	11.6	10.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,280	3,840	4,880	4,280	3,840	4,880
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	17,430	8,525	8,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,730	8,235	8,495	96.0	96.6	95.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,840	58,600	41,360	49,840	58,600	41,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,735	8,235	8,500	96.0	96.6	95.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,200	48,600	36,000	42,200	48,600	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,210	7,645	7,565	87.3	89.7	85.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,920	56,350	37,400	46,920	56,350	37,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,670	6,785	5,885	72.7	79.6	66.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,720	52,850	39,640	46,720	52,850	39,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,675	7,150	7,525	84.2	83.9	84.5
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,200	7,270	9,080	8,200	7,270	9,080
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,960	1,035	925	11.2	12.1	10.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,945	4,600	7,440	5,945	4,600	7,440
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	17,430	8,525	8,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,580	3,235	2,345	32.0	37.9	26.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,400	69,000	51,600	60,400	69,000	51,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	68,800	75,200	60,100	68,800	75,200	60,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,660	2,220	2,445	26.7	26.0	27.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,800	36,800	24,200	27,800	36,800	24,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,120	42,920	29,960	36,120	42,920	29,960
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.6	89.2	80.6	85.6	89.2	80.6
Employment income (%)	71.0	74.2	66.4	71.0	74.2	66.4
Government transfers (%)	14.4	10.8	19.4	14.4	10.8	19.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.0	2.0	1.4	1.0	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,390	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,155	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...	41,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200	...	...	37,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,235	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,390	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	103,600	...	...	103,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	88,800	...	...	88,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,150	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,720	...	...	46,720	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,520	...	...	40,520	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,240	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	123,300	...	...	123,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,400	...	...	105,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	90	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	135	...	...	1.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	265	...	...	3.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	280	...	...	3.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	235	...	...	2.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	250	...	...	3.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	295	...	...	3.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	330	...	...	3.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	695	...	...	8.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	580	...	...	6.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	585	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	530	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	480	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,570	...	...	42.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,095	...	...	13.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	800	...	...	9.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	900	...	...	10.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	770	...	...	9.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	95	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	145	...	...	1.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	270	...	...	3.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	315	...	...	3.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	265	...	...	3.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	330	...	...	3.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	370	...	...	4.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	380	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	780	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	690	...	...	8.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	635	...	...	7.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	665	...	...	7.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	545	...	...	6.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,830	...	...	33.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,105	...	...	13.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	690	...	...	8.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,035	...	...	12.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,110	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,585	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,565	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	820	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,520	1,180	1,340	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800	46,800	35,200	40,800	46,800	35,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	41,600	32,800	36,800	41,600	32,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,105	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	123,400	...	...	123,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,500	...	...	105,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,600	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	105,600	...	...	105,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,300	...	...	89,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,595	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	154,400	...	...	154,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,600	...	...	131,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	790	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,600	...	...	79,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,400	...	...	71,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,555	1,150	1,400	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,400	51,200	40,560	45,400	51,200	40,560
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,480	43,600	36,080	39,480	43,600	36,080
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	20,660	10,245	10,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,945	2,070	1,875	19.1	20.2	18.0
0 to 5 years	1,185	610	575	5.7	6.0	5.5
18 to 64 years	12,385	6,140	6,245	59.9	59.9	59.9
65 years and over	4,335	2,035	2,305	21.0	19.9	22.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,510	670	840	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	295	155	140	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	100	45	55	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	780	365	415	...	...	...
65 years and over	435	150	285	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.3	6.6	8.0	7.3	6.6	8.0
0 to 17 years (%)	7.5	7.5	7.4	7.5	7.5	7.4
0 to 5 years (%)	8.6	7.8	9.6	8.6	7.8	9.6
18 to 64 years (%)	6.3	6.0	6.6	6.3	6.0	6.6
65 years and over (%)	10.0	7.4	12.4	10.0	7.4	12.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	20,660	10,240	10,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,945	2,070	1,875	19.1	20.2	18.0
0 to 5 years	1,185	605	580	5.7	5.9	5.6
18 to 64 years	12,380	6,135	6,245	59.9	59.9	60.0
65 years and over	4,330	2,035	2,300	21.0	19.9	22.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	355	180	180	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	40	20	20	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	0	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	275	145	125	...	...	...
65 years and over	45	15	35	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7
0 to 17 years (%)	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.1
0 to 5 years (%)	0.6	x	1.2	0.6	x	1.2
18 to 64 years (%)	2.2	2.4	2.0	2.2	2.4	2.0
65 years and over (%)	1.0	0.6	1.4	1.0	0.6	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	20,660	10,245	10,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	9,370	4,430	4,940	45.4	43.2	47.4
In bottom decile	1,210	545	665	5.9	5.3	6.4
In second decile	1,710	740	975	8.3	7.2	9.4
In third decile	1,905	910	995	9.2	8.9	9.5
In fourth decile	2,205	1,080	1,120	10.7	10.5	10.7
In fifth decile	2,335	1,155	1,185	11.3	11.3	11.4
In top half of the distribution	11,295	5,815	5,480	54.7	56.8	52.6
In sixth decile	2,355	1,215	1,140	11.4	11.9	10.9
In seventh decile	2,400	1,225	1,180	11.6	12.0	11.3
In eighth decile	2,255	1,165	1,090	10.9	11.4	10.5
In ninth decile	2,335	1,195	1,140	11.3	11.7	10.9
In top decile	1,945	1,010	930	9.4	9.9	8.9
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	20,660	...	...	20,660	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.290	...	...	0.290	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.399	...	...	0.399	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.259	...	...	0.259	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	20,985	10,425	10,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	19,495	9,760	9,740	92.9	93.6	92.2
French only	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,440	650	790	6.9	6.2	7.5
Neither English nor French	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	20,985	10,425	10,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	20,600	10,245	10,355	98.2	98.3	98.1
French	325	160	165	1.5	1.5	1.6
English and French	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Neither English nor French	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	20,985	10,425	10,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	20,685	10,290	10,395	98.6	98.7	98.4
Official languages	19,510	9,740	9,770	93.0	93.4	92.5
English	19,150	9,565	9,585	91.3	91.8	90.8
French	365	175	190	1.7	1.7	1.8
Non-official languages	1,175	550	625	5.6	5.3	5.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,175	550	625	5.6	5.3	5.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	955	450	500	4.6	4.3	4.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	180	70	110	0.9	0.7	1.0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	180	70	110	0.9	0.7	1.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Polish	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	250	120	130	1.2	1.2	1.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	150	65	80	0.7	0.6	0.8
German	145	65	80	0.7	0.6	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	100	50	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	50	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	460	225	230	2.2	2.2	2.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	100	55	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Portuguese	270	140	130	1.3	1.3	1.2
Romanian	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	50	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	300	130	165	1.4	1.2	1.6
English and French	110	45	65	0.5	0.4	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	165	80	85	0.8	0.8	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	20,985	10,425	10,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	19,760	9,865	9,890	94.2	94.6	93.7
French	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	175	80	95	0.8	0.8	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	175	80	95	0.8	0.8	0.9
English and French	265	120	140	1.3	1.2	1.3
English and non-official language(s)	720	325	395	3.4	3.1	3.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	20,985	10,425	10,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	20,820	10,350	10,465	99.2	99.3	99.1
Official languages	20,475	10,195	10,280	97.6	97.8	97.3
English	20,420	10,170	10,250	97.3	97.6	97.1
French	55	25	25	0.3	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	345	160	190	1.6	1.5	1.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	345	160	190	1.6	1.5	1.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	15	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	250	110	140	1.2	1.1	1.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	55	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
German	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	55	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	95	45	55	0.5	0.4	0.5
Romanian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	165	70	90	0.8	0.7	0.9
English and French	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	125	55	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	20,985	10,425	10,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	20,115	10,025	10,085	95.9	96.2	95.5
English	160	75	90	0.8	0.7	0.9
French	215	100	115	1.0	1.0	1.1
Non-official language	435	195	240	2.1	1.9	2.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	430	195	240	2.0	1.9	2.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	20,660	10,240	10,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	20,590	10,210	10,380	99.7	99.7	99.6
English	20,590	10,210	10,380	99.7	99.7	99.6
French	1,425	630	795	6.9	6.2	7.6
Non-official languages	1,805	860	945	8.7	8.4	9.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,805	860	945	8.7	8.4	9.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	240	120	120	1.2	1.2	1.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	235	120	120	1.1	1.2	1.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	165	95	65	0.8	0.9	0.6
Aramaic languages	120	40	75	0.6	0.4	0.7
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	80	20	55	0.4	0.2	0.5
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,345	655	700	6.5	6.4	6.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	260	105	155	1.3	1.0	1.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	255	105	150	1.2	1.0	1.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	45	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Polish	70	40	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	90	30	65	0.4	0.3	0.6
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Serbian	75	15	55	0.4	0.1	0.5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	310	150	160	1.5	1.5	1.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	220	105	110	1.1	1.0	1.1
German	220	105	110	1.1	1.0	1.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	85	40	50	0.4	0.4	0.5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	40	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	60	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	705	360	345	3.4	3.5	3.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	175	110	60	0.8	1.1	0.6
Portuguese	340	180	160	1.6	1.8	1.5
Romanian	50	10	40	0.2	0.1	0.4
Spanish	160	70	95	0.8	0.7	0.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	60	15	45	0.3	0.1	0.4
American Sign Language	55	15	40	0.3	0.1	0.4
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	35	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Chinese languages	80	35	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	70	25	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	50	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	20,660	10,240	10,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	925	390	530	4.5	3.8	5.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	850	375	480	4.1	3.7	4.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	295	120	170	1.4	1.2	1.6
Métis	555	255	305	2.7	2.5	2.9
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	19,740	9,855	9,885	95.5	96.2	94.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	20,660	10,240	10,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	170	65	105	0.8	0.6	1.0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	20,490	10,180	10,310	99.2	99.4	98.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	7,165	...	...	85.4	...	...
Renter	1,230	...	...	14.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	460	...	...	5.5	...	...
Not condominium	7,930	...	...	94.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	490	...	...	5.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,055	...	...	24.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,770	...	...	44.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,050	...	...	24.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,130	...	...	13.5	...	...
5 rooms	1,325	...	...	15.8	...	...
6 rooms	1,525	...	...	18.2	...	...
7 rooms	1,280	...	...	15.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,135	...	...	37.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,355	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	8,150	...	...	97.1	...	...
Not suitable	240	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,730	...	...	32.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,560	...	...	30.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	815	...	...	9.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,030	...	...	12.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	430	...	...	5.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	225	...	...	2.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	225	...	...	2.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	375	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,830	...	...	93.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	560	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,050	...	...	48.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,095	...	...	48.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	250	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	100	...	...	1.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	825	...	...	9.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,180	...	...	14.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,530	...	...	18.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,990	...	...	23.7	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,635	...	...	19.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	865	...	...	10.3	...	...
85 years and over	265	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	8,240	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,245	...	...	87.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	995	...	...	12.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	890	...	...	10.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,700	...	...	20.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	910	...	...	10.8	...	...
Not suitable only	215	...	...	2.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	480	...	...	5.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	70	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	6,690	...	...	79.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	8,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	330	...	...	4.1	...	...
Not in core need	7,805	...	...	95.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,015	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	58.7	...	...	58.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.1	...	...	9.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,020	...	...	1,020	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,212	...	...	1,212	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	440,400	...	...	440,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,225	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	22.0	...	...	22.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.0	...	...	29.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	11.7	...	...	11.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	960	...	...	960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	968	...	...	968	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	20,660	10,245	10,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	200	110	90	1.0	1.1	0.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	200	110	90	1.0	1.1	0.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	85	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Métis single ancestry	115	65	50	0.6	0.6	0.5
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,000	455	550	4.8	4.4	5.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	975	435	540	4.7	4.2	5.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	535	250	290	2.6	2.4	2.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	430	185	245	2.1	1.8	2.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	19,460	9,680	9,785	94.2	94.5	94.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	20,660	10,240	10,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	20,315	10,110	10,205	98.3	98.7	97.9
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,870	2,020	1,850	18.7	19.7	17.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	16,445	8,090	8,355	79.6	79.0	80.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	345	135	210	1.7	1.3	2.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	20,660	10,240	10,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	18,835	9,430	9,405	91.2	92.1	90.3
Immigrants⁸¹	1,800	800	1,000	8.7	7.8	9.6
Before 1980	910	400	505	4.4	3.9	4.8
1980 to 1990	275	120	155	1.3	1.2	1.5
1991 to 2000	255	120	140	1.2	1.2	1.3
2001 to 2010	185	80	110	0.9	0.8	1.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	175	85	90	0.8	0.8	0.9
2011 to 2015	110	40	70	0.5	0.4	0.7
2016 to 2021	65	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,800	800	995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	230	90	140	12.8	11.3	14.1
5 to 14 years	395	230	165	21.9	28.8	16.6
15 to 24 years	465	165	295	25.8	20.6	29.6
25 to 44 years	630	270	355	35.0	33.8	35.7
45 years and over	80	40	40	4.4	5.0	4.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,800	800	995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	460	180	285	25.6	22.5	28.6
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	70	35	40	3.9	4.4	4.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	10	0	0.8	1.3	0.0
United States of America	285	105	180	15.8	13.1	18.1
Other places of birth in Americas	55	15	45	3.1	1.9	4.5
Europe	990	435	555	55.0	54.4	55.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	0	15	0.8	0.0	1.5
Croatia	20	15	10	1.1	1.9	1.0
France	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.0
Germany	55	25	30	3.1	3.1	3.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	15	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.0
Italy	65	40	20	3.6	5.0	2.0
Netherlands	55	35	25	3.1	4.4	2.5
Poland	60	25	35	3.3	3.1	3.5
Portugal	215	115	100	11.9	14.4	10.1
Romania	30	10	20	1.7	1.3	2.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	40	10	30	2.2	1.3	3.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	295	110	180	16.4	13.8	18.1
Other places of birth in Europe	105	40	60	5.8	5.0	6.0
Africa	35	25	15	1.9	3.1	1.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	25	15	1.9	3.1	1.5
Asia	300	160	145	16.7	20.0	14.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	60	30	25	3.3	3.8	2.5
Lebanon	25	15	0	1.4	1.9	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	60	25	35	3.3	3.1	3.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	25	10	20	1.4	1.3	2.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	55	30	20	3.1	3.8	2.0
Pakistan	25	15	0	1.4	1.9	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	10	1.4	1.9	1.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	65	40	25	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	20	0	30.8	50.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	10	0	15.4	25.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	40	15	25	61.5	37.5	100.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	0	15	30.8	0.0	60.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	20,660	10,240	10,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,990	900	1,090	9.6	8.8	10.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,310	1,710	1,595	16.0	16.7	15.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	15,365	7,630	7,735	74.4	74.5	74.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	890	400	495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	355	175	180	39.9	43.8	36.4
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	105	70	35	11.8	17.5	7.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	245	105	140	27.5	26.3	28.3
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	340	110	230	38.2	27.5	46.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	190	105	85	21.3	26.3	17.2
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	10	0	1.1	2.5	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	890	400	495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	60	25	30	6.7	6.3	6.1
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	70	35	30	7.9	8.8	6.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	40	25	20	4.5	6.3	4.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	10	0	1.7	2.5	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	20	0	20	2.2	0.0	4.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	685	300	380	77.0	75.0	76.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	20,660	10,240	10,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	955	510	450	4.6	5.0	4.3
South Asian	105	60	45	0.5	0.6	0.4
Chinese	125	70	55	0.6	0.7	0.5
Black	295	175	120	1.4	1.7	1.2
Filipino	45	10	40	0.2	0.1	0.4
Arab	95	55	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Latin American	85	30	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
Southeast Asian	55	40	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
West Asian	65	20	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	19,700	9,730	9,970	95.4	95.0	95.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	20,660	10,240	10,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,760	1,860	1,895	18.2	18.2	18.2
English	5,785	2,725	3,060	28.0	26.6	29.4
Irish	4,200	2,030	2,165	20.3	19.8	20.8
Scottish	3,385	1,715	1,670	16.4	16.7	16.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	5,530	2,740	2,790	26.8	26.8	26.8
German	2,750	1,335	1,415	13.3	13.0	13.6
Chinese	120	70	50	0.6	0.7	0.5
Italian	1,010	540	470	4.9	5.3	4.5
Indian (India)	90	55	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
Ukrainian	455	250	205	2.2	2.4	2.0
Dutch	955	450	505	4.6	4.4	4.8
Polish	600	300	300	2.9	2.9	2.9
Québécois	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	760	355	410	3.7	3.5	3.9
Filipino	80	15	65	0.4	0.1	0.6
French Canadian	695	265	425	3.4	2.6	4.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	445	235	205	2.2	2.3	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	300	125	175	1.5	1.2	1.7
Métis	575	270	300	2.8	2.6	2.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	255	110	145	1.2	1.1	1.4
Russian	190	100	90	0.9	1.0	0.9
Norwegian	130	50	80	0.6	0.5	0.8
Welsh	275	125	150	1.3	1.2	1.4
Portuguese	655	340	315	3.2	3.3	3.0
American	365	195	175	1.8	1.9	1.7
Spanish	125	80	45	0.6	0.8	0.4
Swedish	65	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Hungarian	515	255	260	2.5	2.5	2.5
Acadian	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Pakistani	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jewish	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	110	55	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
Jamaican	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	305	145	155	1.5	1.4	1.5
Lebanese	210	140	65	1.0	1.4	0.6
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	55	25	25	0.3	0.2	0.2
Danish	80	30	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	230	105	120	1.1	1.0	1.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	120	70	50	0.6	0.7	0.5
Belgian	300	160	145	1.5	1.6	1.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	125	60	65	0.6	0.6	0.6
Mennonite	160	85	70	0.8	0.8	0.7
Swiss	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Finnish	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	100	35	65	0.5	0.3	0.6
Japanese	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	85	45	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Colombian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	60	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	60	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Serbian	100	55	45	0.5	0.5	0.4
Ojibway	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	110	65	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Turkish	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	120	60	65	0.6	0.6	0.6
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	30	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lithuanian	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
South African	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Australian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Maltese	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Macedonian	75	35	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Slovenian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	55	15	35	0.3	0.1	0.3
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	55	40	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	55	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	125	70	60	0.6	0.7	0.6
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	70	50	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	75	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	20,660	10,240	10,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian	13,570	6,450	7,120	65.7	63.0	68.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,805	905	900	8.7	8.8	8.6
Anabaptist	170	80	90	0.8	0.8	0.9
Anglican	1,220	540	680	5.9	5.3	6.5
Baptist	455	225	235	2.2	2.2	2.3
Catholic	7,375	3,560	3,815	35.7	34.8	36.6
Christian Orthodox	115	55	60	0.6	0.5	0.6
Jehovah's Witness	100	45	55	0.5	0.4	0.5
Latter Day Saints	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Lutheran	200	105	90	1.0	1.0	0.9
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	95	40	60	0.5	0.4	0.6
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	350	145	205	1.7	1.4	2.0
Presbyterian	115	35	80	0.6	0.3	0.8
Reformed	70	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
United Church	935	400	530	4.5	3.9	5.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	520	255	265	2.5	2.5	2.5
Hindu	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Jewish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Muslim	100	60	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
Sikh	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	130	55	80	0.6	0.5	0.8
No religion and secular perspectives	6,765	3,645	3,120	32.7	35.6	29.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	20,500	10,170	10,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	18,655	9,290	9,365	91.0	91.3	90.7
Movers	1,850	880	970	9.0	8.7	9.4
Non-migrants	705	345	355	3.4	3.4	3.4
Migrants	1,150	540	610	5.6	5.3	5.9
Internal migrants	1,140	540	600	5.6	5.3	5.8
Intraprovincial migrants	1,125	530	590	5.5	5.2	5.7
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	19,685	9,765	9,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,100	6,525	6,570	66.5	66.8	66.2
Movers	6,590	3,240	3,350	33.5	33.2	33.8
Non-migrants	1,565	795	770	8.0	8.1	7.8
Migrants	5,020	2,440	2,580	25.5	25.0	26.0
Internal migrants	4,955	2,410	2,545	25.2	24.7	25.7
Intraprovincial migrants	4,845	2,345	2,500	24.6	24.0	25.2
Interprovincial migrants	105	65	45	0.5	0.7	0.5
External migrants	70	30	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,430	8,525	8,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,075	1,555	1,520	17.6	18.2	17.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,355	6,975	7,380	82.4	81.8	82.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,800	5,360	5,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,000	545	450	9.3	10.2	8.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,805	4,810	4,995	90.8	89.7	91.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,430	8,525	8,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,780	1,360	1,420	15.9	16.0	15.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,285	3,195	3,085	36.1	37.5	34.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,370	3,975	4,395	48.0	46.6	49.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,875	2,935	2,940	33.7	34.4	33.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,365	1,100	265	7.8	12.9	3.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	505	335	170	2.9	3.9	1.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	860	765	95	4.9	9.0	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,270	1,735	2,535	24.5	20.4	28.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	240	100	140	1.4	1.2	1.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,495	1,040	1,460	14.3	12.2	16.4
Bachelor's degree	1,860	745	1,110	10.7	8.7	12.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	130	45	80	0.7	0.5	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Master's degree	385	180	205	2.2	2.1	2.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	80	50	35	0.5	0.6	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,800	5,355	5,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	890	470	420	8.2	8.8	7.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,645	1,980	1,665	33.8	37.0	30.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,265	2,905	3,360	58.0	54.2	61.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,385	2,175	2,210	40.6	40.6	40.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	930	760	165	8.6	14.2	3.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	305	200	105	2.8	3.7	1.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	625	565	60	5.8	10.6	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,300	1,345	1,950	30.6	25.1	35.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	160	65	95	1.5	1.2	1.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,880	730	1,150	17.4	13.6	21.1
Bachelor's degree	1,430	560	870	13.2	10.5	16.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	30	75	1.0	0.6	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	255	100	150	2.4	1.9	2.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	60	30	30	0.6	0.6	0.6
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	17,430	8,530	8,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,065	4,555	4,505	52.0	53.4	50.6
Education	430	120	315	2.5	1.4	3.5
13. Education	430	120	315	2.5	1.4	3.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	230	95	130	1.3	1.1	1.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	210	75	130	1.2	0.9	1.5
Humanities	280	125	160	1.6	1.5	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	60	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
54. History	50	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	935	155	780	5.4	1.8	8.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	30	65	0.5	0.4	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	345	15	335	2.0	0.2	3.8
22. Legal professions and studies	145	0	135	0.8	0.0	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	135	40	95	0.8	0.5	1.1
45. Social sciences	205	65	135	1.2	0.8	1.5
Business, management and public administration	1,345	435	905	7.7	5.1	10.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	180	25	150	1.0	0.3	1.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,160	415	750	6.7	4.9	8.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	225	110	110	1.3	1.3	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	40	55	0.6	0.5	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	70	45	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	225	155	70	1.3	1.8	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	200	145	50	1.1	1.7	0.6
25. Library science	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,130	2,015	115	12.2	23.6	1.3
04. Architecture and related services	55	40	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
14. Engineering	180	145	40	1.0	1.7	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	405	375	30	2.3	4.4	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	410	400	10	2.4	4.7	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	545	535	10	3.1	6.3	0.1
48. Precision production	535	525	15	3.1	6.2	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	245	135	110	1.4	1.6	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	185	100	80	1.1	1.2	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Health and related fields	1,585	230	1,360	9.1	2.7	15.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	110	45	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,470	185	1,280	8.4	2.2	14.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	740	390	350	4.2	4.6	3.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	365	80	285	2.1	0.9	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	280	215	70	1.6	2.5	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	95	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,800	5,355	5,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,535	2,450	2,085	42.0	45.8	38.3
Education	280	70	215	2.6	1.3	3.9
13. Education	280	70	215	2.6	1.3	3.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	170	65	105	1.6	1.2	1.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	150	55	105	1.4	1.0	1.9
Humanities	165	60	100	1.5	1.1	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
54. History	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	745	115	630	6.9	2.1	11.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	25	60	0.8	0.5	1.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	265	0	260	2.5	0.0	4.8
22. Legal professions and studies	130	0	125	1.2	0.0	2.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	105	30	75	1.0	0.6	1.4
45. Social sciences	145	45	100	1.3	0.8	1.8
Business, management and public administration	1,035	340	695	9.6	6.3	12.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	150	10	135	1.4	0.2	2.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	880	320	560	8.1	6.0	10.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	75	100	1.6	1.4	1.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	25	50	0.8	0.5	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	25	25	0.4	0.5	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	165	130	35	1.5	2.4	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	155	120	30	1.4	2.2	0.6
25. Library science	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,590	1,490	100	14.7	27.8	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	35	25	15	0.3	0.5	0.3
14. Engineering	135	105	30	1.3	2.0	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	325	295	30	3.0	5.5	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	310	305	10	2.9	5.7	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	375	375	0	3.5	7.0	0.0
48. Precision production	400	390	10	3.7	7.3	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	175	105	70	1.6	2.0	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	130	75	45	1.2	1.4	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	30	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Health and related fields	1,195	175	1,020	11.1	3.3	18.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	80	30	50	0.7	0.6	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,110	140	965	10.3	2.6	17.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	575	285	290	5.3	5.3	5.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	295	60	235	2.7	1.1	4.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	210	155	60	1.9	2.9	1.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	70	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	10,800	5,355	5,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,535	2,450	2,085	42.0	45.8	38.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,265	2,910	3,360	58.0	54.3	61.7
Location of study inside Canada	5,880	2,750	3,135	54.4	51.4	57.6
Same as province or territory of residence	5,750	2,655	3,095	53.2	49.6	56.8
Different than province or territory of residence	135	95	40	1.3	1.8	0.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	380	160	225	3.5	3.0	4.1
Americas	200	80	125	1.9	1.5	2.3
United States of America	180	70	110	1.7	1.3	2.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Europe	80	35	45	0.7	0.7	0.8
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	85	35	45	0.8	0.7	0.8
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pakistan	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Australia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	17,430	8,525	8,905	...	...	...
In the labour force	10,625	5,590	5,035	...	...	...
Employed	9,295	4,960	4,340	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,330	635	695	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	6,805	2,940	3,870	...	...	...
Participation rate	61.0	65.6	56.5	61.0	65.6	56.5
Employment rate	53.3	58.2	48.7	53.3	58.2	48.7
Unemployment rate	12.5	11.4	13.8	12.5	11.4	13.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	17,430	8,530	8,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,695	2,850	3,840	38.4	33.4	43.1
Worked	10,730	5,675	5,060	61.6	66.5	56.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,700	3,305	2,395	32.7	38.7	26.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,035	2,370	2,665	28.9	27.8	29.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	43.0	40.7	41.9	43.0	40.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	10,625	5,590	5,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	190	75	115	1.8	1.3	2.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	10,435	5,515	4,920	98.2	98.7	97.7
Employee	9,350	4,885	4,460	88.0	87.4	88.6
Permanent position	8,485	4,465	4,020	79.9	79.9	79.8
Temporary position	860	420	440	8.1	7.5	8.7
Fixed term (1 year or more)	195	75	120	1.8	1.3	2.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	665	345	315	6.3	6.2	6.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,085	625	460	10.2	11.2	9.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	10,625	5,590	5,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	190	75	115	1.8	1.3	2.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	10,435	5,515	4,920	98.2	98.7	97.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	90	80	10	0.8	1.4	0.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,370	320	1,055	12.9	5.7	21.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	535	415	125	5.0	7.4	2.5
3 Health occupations	855	95	755	8.0	1.7	15.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	990	265	720	9.3	4.7	14.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	175	65	110	1.6	1.2	2.2
6 Sales and service occupations	2,380	885	1,500	22.4	15.8	29.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,665	2,420	240	25.1	43.3	4.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	390	290	100	3.7	5.2	2.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	975	675	295	9.2	12.1	5.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	10,625	5,590	5,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	190	75	115	1.8	1.3	2.3
All industries¹⁹¹	10,435	5,515	4,920	98.2	98.7	97.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	405	215	190	3.8	3.8	3.8
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	85	80	0	0.8	1.4	0.0
22 Utilities	105	85	15	1.0	1.5	0.3
23 Construction	1,055	930	125	9.9	16.6	2.5
31-33 Manufacturing	2,070	1,545	525	19.5	27.6	10.4
41 Wholesale trade	265	180	85	2.5	3.2	1.7
44-45 Retail trade	1,070	470	600	10.1	8.4	11.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	545	360	190	5.1	6.4	3.8
51 Information and cultural industries	130	80	45	1.2	1.4	0.9
52 Finance and insurance	280	70	210	2.6	1.3	4.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	85	35	55	0.8	0.6	1.1
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	405	185	225	3.8	3.3	4.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	345	225	120	3.2	4.0	2.4
61 Educational services	640	165	475	6.0	3.0	9.4
62 Health care and social assistance	1,285	145	1,140	12.1	2.6	22.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	190	115	65	1.8	2.1	1.3
72 Accommodation and food services	600	180	415	5.6	3.2	8.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	480	255	225	4.5	4.6	4.5
91 Public administration	385	180	205	3.6	3.2	4.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	11,405	5,990	5,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	11,175	5,915	5,265	98.0	98.7	97.2
French	50	0	45	0.4	0.0	0.8
Non-official language	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	85	30	55	0.7	0.5	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	80	35	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	11,405	5,990	5,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,375	5,990	5,390	99.7	100.0	99.5
Official languages	11,365	5,980	5,385	99.6	99.8	99.4
English	11,295	5,975	5,320	99.0	99.7	98.2
French	70	0	65	0.6	0.0	1.2
Non-official languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.5
English and French	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	11,405	5,990	5,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	11,270	5,930	5,335	98.8	99.0	98.5
English	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
French	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Non-official language	65	30	35	0.6	0.5	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	65	30	35	0.6	0.5	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	9,295	4,960	4,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,240	515	730	13.3	10.4	16.8
Worked outside Canada	105	55	45	1.1	1.1	1.0
No fixed workplace address	1,240	920	325	13.3	18.5	7.5
Usual place of work	6,705	3,465	3,240	72.1	69.9	74.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,705	3,465	3,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,870	960	910	27.9	27.7	28.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,740	2,440	2,300	70.7	70.4	70.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	95	65	30	1.4	1.9	0.9
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,950	4,385	3,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,650	4,220	3,435	96.2	96.2	96.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,220	4,055	3,165	90.8	92.5	88.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	430	165	270	5.4	3.8	7.6
Public transit	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Walked	170	95	65	2.1	2.2	1.8
Bicycle	45	30	20	0.6	0.7	0.6
Other method	75	35	35	0.9	0.8	1.0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,950	4,385	3,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,935	1,005	930	24.3	22.9	26.1
15 to 29 minutes	3,285	1,810	1,475	41.3	41.3	41.4
30 to 44 minutes	2,160	1,265	895	27.2	28.8	25.1
45 to 59 minutes	465	240	230	5.8	5.5	6.5
60 minutes and over	100	65	40	1.3	1.5	1.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,950	4,385	3,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	775	560	210	9.7	12.8	5.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,760	1,235	530	22.1	28.2	14.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,995	1,130	865	25.1	25.8	24.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,360	480	885	17.1	10.9	24.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	680	230	445	8.6	5.2	12.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,385	755	630	17.4	17.2	17.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,030	2,115	1,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	620	310	310	15.4	14.7	16.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,410	1,805	1,605	84.6	85.3	83.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,975	1,585	1,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	445	230	220	15.0	14.5	15.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	270	130	140	9.1	8.2	10.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	180	100	80	6.1	6.3	5.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,525	1,355	1,175	84.9	85.5	84.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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