Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	North Dumfries, Township (TP)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	10,619	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	10,215	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,768	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,689	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	56.5	...	...	56.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	188.09	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	10,620	5,320	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,940	1,025	915	18.3	19.3	17.3
0 to 4 years	530	260	270	5.0	4.9	5.1
5 to 9 years	670	350	320	6.3	6.6	6.0
10 to 14 years	740	410	330	7.0	7.7	6.2
15 to 64 years	6,905	3,420	3,490	65.0	64.3	65.9
15 to 19 years	715	355	365	6.7	6.7	6.9
20 to 24 years	600	305	295	5.6	5.7	5.6
25 to 29 years	485	250	235	4.6	4.7	4.4
30 to 34 years	555	270	280	5.2	5.1	5.3
35 to 39 years	690	325	370	6.5	6.1	7.0
40 to 44 years	725	355	370	6.8	6.7	7.0
45 to 49 years	745	380	360	7.0	7.1	6.8
50 to 54 years	785	385	400	7.4	7.2	7.6
55 to 59 years	835	410	425	7.9	7.7	8.0
60 to 64 years	765	380	385	7.2	7.1	7.3
65 years and over	1,775	880	890	16.7	16.5	16.8
65 to 69 years	590	315	275	5.6	5.9	5.2
70 to 74 years	485	235	250	4.6	4.4	4.7
75 to 79 years	360	180	180	3.4	3.4	3.4
80 to 84 years	190	100	90	1.8	1.9	1.7
85 years and over	150	55	95	1.4	1.0	1.8
85 to 89 years	90	40	50	0.8	0.8	0.9
90 to 94 years	45	15	35	0.4	0.3	0.7
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.3	19.3	17.3	18.3	19.3	17.3
15 to 64 years	65.0	64.3	65.9	65.0	64.3	65.9
65 years and over	16.7	16.5	16.8	16.7	16.5	16.8
85 years and over	1.4	1.0	1.8	1.4	1.0	1.8
Average age of the population	40.9	40.4	41.3	40.9	40.4	41.3
Median age of the population	42.4	41.6	42.4	42.4	41.6	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,045	...	...	82.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	190	...	...	5.1	...	...
Row house	200	...	...	5.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	55	...	...	1.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	185	...	...	5.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	540	...	...	14.6	...	...
2 persons	1,345	...	...	36.4	...	...
3 persons	605	...	...	16.4	...	...
4 persons	735	...	...	19.9	...	...
5 or more persons	460	...	...	12.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	10,560	5,290	5,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	8,680	4,300	4,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	5,910	2,950	2,960	68.1	68.6	67.6
Married	5,105	2,545	2,560	58.8	59.2	58.4
Living common-law	800	400	405	9.2	9.3	9.2
Living common law - Never married	465	225	235	5.4	5.2	5.4
Living common law - Separated	60	30	30	0.7	0.7	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	255	130	120	2.9	3.0	2.7
Living common law - Widowed	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	2,770	1,350	1,415	31.9	31.4	32.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,920	1,045	875	22.1	24.3	20.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	170	75	95	2.0	1.7	2.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	315	140	170	3.6	3.3	3.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	370	90	275	4.3	2.1	6.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,215	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,490	...	...	46.3	...	...
3 persons	640	...	...	19.9	...	...
4 persons	750	...	...	23.3	...	...
5 or more persons	335	...	...	10.4	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,215	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,915	...	...	90.7	...	...
Married couples	2,515	...	...	78.2	...	...
With children⁶	1,425	...	...	44.3	...	...
Without children	1,090	...	...	33.9	...	...
Common-law couples	400	...	...	12.4	...	...
With children⁶	155	...	...	4.8	...	...
Without children	245	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	295	...	...	9.2	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	240	...	...	7.5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	60	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	10,560	5,290	5,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	9,695	4,860	4,830	91.8	91.9	91.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,835	2,915	2,920	55.3	55.1	55.5
Parents in one-parent families	300	60	235	2.8	1.1	4.5
Children⁶	3,560	1,890	1,675	33.7	35.7	31.8
In a two-parent family	3,075	1,630	1,445	29.1	30.8	27.4
In a one-parent family	480	255	225	4.5	4.8	4.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	865	430	440	8.2	8.1	8.4
Living alone	540	275	265	5.1	5.2	5.0
Living with other relatives⁷	210	80	130	2.0	1.5	2.5
Living with non-relatives only	115	70	40	1.1	1.3	0.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,800	...	...	75.9	...	...
Couple-family households	2,585	...	...	70.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,400	...	...	37.9	...	...
Without children	1,180	...	...	32.0	...	...
One-parent-family households	215	...	...	5.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	175	...	...	4.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.8	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	85	...	...	2.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	60	...	...	1.6	...	...
One-person households	540	...	...	14.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	8,620	4,265	4,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,340	4,135	4,205	96.8	97.0	96.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,600	62,800	43,200	51,600	62,800	43,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,340	4,135	4,205	96.8	97.0	96.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	53,600	38,000	44,800	53,600	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,890	3,970	3,925	91.5	93.1	90.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	58,800	35,600	46,800	58,800	35,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,515	3,370	3,140	75.6	79.0	72.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,600	59,600	37,200	47,600	59,600	37,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,210	3,515	3,690	83.6	82.4	84.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	3,960	8,100	6,500	3,960	8,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	650	265	390	7.5	6.2	9.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,160	4,880	5,440	5,160	4,880	5,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,925	890	1,035	22.3	20.9	23.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	6,000	8,000	7,000	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	8,620	4,270	4,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,345	4,135	4,205	96.8	96.8	96.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,300	76,400	54,350	65,300	76,400	54,350
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,345	4,135	4,205	96.8	96.8	96.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,000	61,100	45,040	53,000	61,100	45,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,935	4,025	3,915	92.1	94.3	90.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,650	71,700	49,240	60,650	71,700	49,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,510	3,385	3,125	75.5	79.3	71.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,350	67,800	48,080	58,350	67,800	48,080
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,220	3,560	3,655	83.8	83.4	84.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,800	7,750	9,830	8,800	7,750	9,830
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	550	220	330	6.4	5.2	7.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,520	6,040	6,840	6,520	6,040	6,840
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,930	910	1,025	22.4	21.3	23.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,960	7,360	8,500	7,960	7,360	8,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	8,615	4,265	4,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,455	2,045	1,415	40.1	47.9	32.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	76,500	81,000	69,000	76,500	81,000	69,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	86,400	92,900	77,000	86,400	92,900	77,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,370	995	1,375	27.5	23.3	31.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,600	20,000	17,200	17,600	20,000	17,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,000	34,600	26,680	30,000	34,600	26,680
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.4	91.2	84.2	88.4	91.2	84.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	69.8	72.6	65.6	69.8	72.6	65.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.7	8.7	15.7	11.7	8.7	15.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.4	1.0	0.7	0.4	1.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.3	2.3	4.6	3.3	2.3	4.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.8	2.1	3.8	2.8	2.1	3.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	8,615	4,270	4,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	280	135	145	3.3	3.2	3.3
With total income	8,335	4,130	4,210	96.7	96.7	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	610	215	390	7.3	5.2	9.3
$10,000 to $19,999	835	315	520	10.0	7.6	12.4
$20,000 to $29,999	980	375	605	11.8	9.1	14.4
$30,000 to $39,999	805	360	450	9.7	8.7	10.7
$40,000 to $49,999	830	365	465	10.0	8.8	11.0
$50,000 to $59,999	750	335	415	9.0	8.1	9.9
$60,000 to $69,999	670	355	315	8.0	8.6	7.5
$70,000 to $79,999	535	320	220	6.4	7.7	5.2
$80,000 to $89,999	470	285	185	5.6	6.9	4.4
$90,000 to $99,999	345	220	130	4.1	5.3	3.1
$100,000 and over	1,505	995	510	18.1	24.1	12.1
$100,000 to $149,999	1,025	640	385	12.3	15.5	9.1
$150,000 and over	480	360	125	5.8	8.7	3.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	8,615	4,270	4,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	280	135	145	3.3	3.2	3.3
With after-tax income	8,340	4,135	4,210	96.8	96.8	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	655	235	420	7.9	5.7	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	885	335	550	10.6	8.1	13.1
$20,000 to $29,999	1,105	425	675	13.2	10.3	16.0
$30,000 to $39,999	1,030	475	560	12.4	11.5	13.3
$40,000 to $49,999	980	440	540	11.8	10.6	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	885	455	425	10.6	11.0	10.1
$60,000 to $69,999	720	420	300	8.6	10.2	7.1
$70,000 to $79,999	515	325	190	6.2	7.9	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	530	300	230	6.4	7.3	5.5
$90,000 to $99,999	315	205	115	3.8	5.0	2.7
$100,000 and over	720	520	195	8.6	12.6	4.6
$100,000 to $124,999	335	235	100	4.0	5.7	2.4
$125,000 and over	380	290	95	4.6	7.0	2.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	8,615	4,270	4,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,105	900	1,210	24.4	21.1	27.8
With employment income	6,510	3,375	3,140	75.6	79.0	72.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	815	370	445	12.5	11.0	14.2
$5,000 to $9,999	465	180	290	7.1	5.3	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	665	275	395	10.2	8.1	12.6
$20,000 to $29,999	445	185	260	6.8	5.5	8.3
$30,000 to $39,999	495	235	260	7.6	7.0	8.3
$40,000 to $49,999	485	220	265	7.5	6.5	8.4
$50,000 to $59,999	490	240	250	7.5	7.1	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	485	255	230	7.5	7.6	7.3
$70,000 to $79,999	370	245	130	5.7	7.3	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	355	220	140	5.5	6.5	4.5
$90,000 to $99,999	305	180	120	4.7	5.3	3.8
$100,000 and over	1,140	780	355	17.5	23.1	11.3
$100,000 to $124,999	605	380	225	9.3	11.3	7.2
$125,000 and over	535	400	130	8.2	11.9	4.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	8,620	4,265	4,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,175	4,065	4,115	94.8	95.3	94.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,400	62,800	42,000	50,400	62,800	42,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,180	4,065	4,115	94.9	95.3	94.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	53,200	37,200	44,400	53,200	37,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,765	3,915	3,850	90.1	91.8	88.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,000	60,400	37,600	48,000	60,400	37,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,445	3,340	3,095	74.8	78.3	71.1
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,800	61,200	38,800	48,800	61,200	38,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,770	3,325	3,450	78.5	78.0	79.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,920	715	4,480	1,920	715	4,480
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	535	225	310	6.2	5.3	7.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,080	4,720	7,050	6,080	4,720	7,050
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	8,620	4,270	4,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,185	4,070	4,115	95.0	95.3	94.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	63,750	75,400	52,250	63,750	75,400	52,250
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,185	4,070	4,115	95.0	95.3	94.6
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,800	59,850	43,800	51,800	59,850	43,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,825	3,985	3,845	90.8	93.3	88.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,050	72,400	49,280	61,050	72,400	49,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,505	3,385	3,120	75.5	79.3	71.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,150	68,800	48,760	59,150	68,800	48,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,715	3,365	3,360	77.9	78.8	77.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,540	5,480	7,600	6,540	5,480	7,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	490	225	265	5.7	5.3	6.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,760	5,760	9,500	7,760	5,760	9,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	8,615	4,265	4,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,445	2,035	1,405	40.0	47.7	32.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	74,000	78,000	66,000	74,000	78,000	66,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	83,400	91,000	72,400	83,400	91,000	72,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,230	965	1,265	25.9	22.6	29.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,000	23,600	22,400	23,000	23,600	22,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,600	39,800	32,400	35,600	39,800	32,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.6	94.0	88.2	91.6	94.0	88.2
Employment income (%)	73.8	75.8	70.6	73.8	75.8	70.6
Government transfers (%)	8.4	6.0	11.9	8.4	6.0	11.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.4	1.2	0.7	0.4	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,690	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	540	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,800	...	...	52,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...	46,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,150	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,690	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	147,600	...	...	147,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	119,900	...	...	119,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	545	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	66,800	...	...	66,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	55,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,145	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	161,600	...	...	161,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	131,200	...	...	131,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...	0.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	1.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...	1.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	45	...	...	1.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	55	...	...	1.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	70	...	...	1.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	100	...	...	2.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	145	...	...	3.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	155	...	...	4.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	195	...	...	5.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	220	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	175	...	...	4.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,365	...	...	64.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	485	...	...	13.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	440	...	...	11.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	700	...	...	19.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	745	...	...	20.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	0.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	35	...	...	0.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	65	...	...	1.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	55	...	...	1.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	70	...	...	1.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95	...	...	2.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	100	...	...	2.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	190	...	...	5.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	230	...	...	6.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	240	...	...	6.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	245	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	240	...	...	6.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,030	...	...	55.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	570	...	...	15.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	510	...	...	13.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	945	...	...	25.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,120	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,200	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,590	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	170,000	...	...	170,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	260	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	655	345	305	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,800	60,000	44,400	50,800	60,000	44,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,400	50,800	40,400	44,400	50,800	40,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,120	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	162,000	...	...	162,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	131,400	...	...	131,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,180	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	131,200	...	...	131,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	107,400	...	...	107,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,590	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	194,600	...	...	194,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	156,200	...	...	156,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	630	300	330	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	63,600	77,000	51,400	63,600	77,000	51,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,600	62,400	44,200	52,600	62,400	44,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	10,555	5,290	5,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,370	1,225	1,140	22.5	23.2	21.6
0 to 5 years	670	340	335	6.3	6.4	6.4
18 to 64 years	6,435	3,190	3,245	61.0	60.3	61.6
65 years and over	1,755	875	885	16.6	16.5	16.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	435	205	230	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	90	45	50	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	30	15	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	220	105	115	...	...	...
65 years and over	115	50	65	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.1	3.8	4.4	4.1	3.8	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	3.9	3.6	4.2	3.9	3.6	4.2
0 to 5 years (%)	4.8	4.5	5.0	4.8	4.5	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.5	3.4	3.6	3.5	3.4	3.6
65 years and over (%)	6.6	5.8	7.4	6.6	5.8	7.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	10,560	5,290	5,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,365	1,225	1,145	22.4	23.2	21.7
0 to 5 years	675	335	335	6.4	6.3	6.4
18 to 64 years	6,435	3,190	3,240	60.9	60.3	61.5
65 years and over	1,755	875	880	16.6	16.5	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	150	80	75	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	30	15	15	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	100	50	50	...	...	...
65 years and over	20	10	5	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4
0 to 17 years (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6	1.4	1.2	1.6
0 to 5 years (%)	1.2	x	1.6	1.2	x	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6
65 years and over (%)	1.0	1.4	0.6	1.0	1.4	0.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	10,560	5,290	5,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	2,985	1,440	1,545	28.3	27.2	29.3
In bottom decile	380	185	190	3.6	3.5	3.6
In second decile	395	180	220	3.7	3.4	4.2
In third decile	645	315	335	6.1	6.0	6.4
In fourth decile	680	340	345	6.4	6.4	6.5
In fifth decile	880	425	455	8.3	8.0	8.6
In top half of the distribution	7,570	3,845	3,725	71.7	72.7	70.7
In sixth decile	1,005	515	490	9.5	9.7	9.3
In seventh decile	1,370	685	685	13.0	12.9	13.0
In eighth decile	1,450	740	710	13.7	14.0	13.5
In ninth decile	1,875	945	925	17.8	17.9	17.6
In top decile	1,870	950	920	17.7	18.0	17.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	10,560	...	...	10,560	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.309	...	...	0.309	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.376	...	...	0.376	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.268	...	...	0.268	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	10,615	5,325	5,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	10,040	5,085	4,955	94.6	95.5	93.5
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	515	210	300	4.9	3.9	5.7
Neither English nor French	60	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.8
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	10,615	5,325	5,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,455	5,245	5,205	98.5	98.5	98.2
French	90	45	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and French	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Neither English nor French	60	20	35	0.6	0.4	0.7
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	10,615	5,325	5,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,435	5,220	5,210	98.3	98.0	98.3
Official languages	9,385	4,715	4,670	88.4	88.5	88.1
English	9,290	4,670	4,620	87.5	87.7	87.2
French	90	50	45	0.8	0.9	0.8
Non-official languages	1,050	505	540	9.9	9.5	10.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,050	505	540	9.9	9.5	10.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	910	445	465	8.6	8.4	8.8
Albanian	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	215	100	115	2.0	1.9	2.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	210	95	115	2.0	1.8	2.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Polish	95	45	55	0.9	0.8	1.0
Russian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	70	35	40	0.7	0.7	0.8
Bosnian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Serbian	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	200	90	110	1.9	1.7	2.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	110	55	65	1.0	1.0	1.2
German	110	50	65	1.0	0.9	1.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	80	40	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	80	40	40	0.8	0.8	0.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Scandinavian languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Danish	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	45	40	0.8	0.8	0.8
Indo-Aryan languages	75	35	35	0.7	0.7	0.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	385	190	190	3.6	3.6	3.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	50	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Portuguese	240	125	110	2.3	2.3	2.1
Romanian	45	25	25	0.4	0.5	0.5
Spanish	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Chinese languages	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	180	100	85	1.7	1.9	1.6
English and French	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	130	80	55	1.2	1.5	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	10,615	5,325	5,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,660	4,865	4,795	91.0	91.4	90.5
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	190	85	100	1.8	1.6	1.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	190	85	100	1.8	1.6	1.9
English and French	105	40	65	1.0	0.8	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	640	320	320	6.0	6.0	6.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	10,615	5,325	5,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,480	5,250	5,230	98.7	98.6	98.7
Official languages	10,160	5,105	5,060	95.7	95.9	95.5
English	10,145	5,095	5,055	95.6	95.7	95.4
French	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-official languages	325	150	170	3.1	2.8	3.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	325	150	170	3.1	2.8	3.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	260	120	140	2.4	2.3	2.6
Albanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	35	30	0.6	0.7	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	65	35	30	0.6	0.7	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bosnian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	50	65	1.1	0.9	1.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	80	35	40	0.8	0.7	0.8
Romanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	135	70	70	1.3	1.3	1.3
English and French	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	110	55	55	1.0	1.0	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	10,615	5,320	5,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,970	5,010	4,955	93.9	94.2	93.6
English	125	60	65	1.2	1.1	1.2
French	80	30	50	0.8	0.6	0.9
Non-official language	410	205	205	3.9	3.9	3.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	410	205	205	3.9	3.9	3.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	10,560	5,290	5,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	10,500	5,260	5,235	99.4	99.4	99.3
English	10,500	5,260	5,235	99.4	99.4	99.3
French	470	210	260	4.5	4.0	4.9
Non-official languages	1,535	730	800	14.5	13.8	15.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,535	730	800	14.5	13.8	15.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	40	25	0.6	0.8	0.5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	65	40	25	0.6	0.8	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	30	25	0.6	0.6	0.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tamil	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,315	630	685	12.5	11.9	13.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	290	145	140	2.7	2.7	2.7
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Slavic languages	280	140	140	2.7	2.6	2.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	135	65	60	1.3	1.2	1.1
Russian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	90	50	45	0.9	0.9	0.9
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Serbian	80	40	40	0.8	0.8	0.8
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	305	125	180	2.9	2.4	3.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	190	75	115	1.8	1.4	2.2
German	190	70	115	1.8	1.3	2.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	100	45	50	0.9	0.9	0.9
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	100	45	50	0.9	0.9	0.9
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Danish	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	160	90	70	1.5	1.7	1.3
Indo-Aryan languages	140	80	60	1.3	1.5	1.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Hindi	75	40	40	0.7	0.8	0.8
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	35	50	0.9	0.7	0.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	35	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	585	270	315	5.5	5.1	6.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	65	25	45	0.6	0.5	0.9
Portuguese	365	175	190	3.5	3.3	3.6
Romanian	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	140	70	70	1.3	1.3	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Chinese languages	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	45	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	45	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,555	5,285	5,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	165	105	60	1.6	2.0	1.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	155	100	60	1.5	1.9	1.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	75	60	15	0.7	1.1	0.3
Métis	75	35	45	0.7	0.7	0.9
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	10,390	5,180	5,210	98.4	98.0	98.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,555	5,285	5,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	45	40	10	0.4	0.8	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,510	5,250	5,260	99.6	99.3	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,260	...	...	88.3	...	...
Renter	430	...	...	11.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	225	...	...	6.1	...	...
Not condominium	3,465	...	...	93.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	130	...	...	3.5	...	...
2 bedrooms	395	...	...	10.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,690	...	...	45.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,470	...	...	39.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	265	...	...	7.2	...	...
5 rooms	315	...	...	8.5	...	...
6 rooms	555	...	...	15.0	...	...
7 rooms	540	...	...	14.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,015	...	...	54.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	8.0	...	...	8.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,675	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	3,605	...	...	97.7	...	...
Not suitable	85	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	780	...	...	21.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	735	...	...	19.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	570	...	...	15.4	...	...
1991 to 2000	665	...	...	18.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	250	...	...	6.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	140	...	...	3.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	300	...	...	8.1	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	250	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,515	...	...	95.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	175	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,350	...	...	36.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,215	...	...	60.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	130	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...	0.7	...	...
25 to 34 years	370	...	...	10.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	655	...	...	17.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	805	...	...	21.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	825	...	...	22.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	605	...	...	16.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	310	...	...	8.4	...	...
85 years and over	95	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,155	...	...	87.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	460	...	...	12.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	400	...	...	11.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	680	...	...	18.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	425	...	...	11.5	...	...
Not suitable only	70	...	...	1.9	...	...
Major repairs needed only	140	...	...	3.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,010	...	...	81.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	125	...	...	3.5	...	...
Not in core need	3,430	...	...	96.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,190	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.2	...	...	60.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.4	...	...	10.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,640	...	...	1,640	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,726	...	...	1,726	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	850,000	...	...	850,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	925,000	...	...	925,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	425	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	30.6	...	...	30.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	9.6	...	...	9.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,240	...	...	1,240	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,400	...	...	1,400	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	10,555	5,290	5,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	55	35	20	0.5	0.7	0.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	55	35	20	0.5	0.7	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Métis single ancestry	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	185	80	105	1.8	1.5	2.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	175	80	95	1.7	1.5	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	135	70	70	1.3	1.3	1.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.6
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	10,320	5,175	5,140	97.8	97.8	97.6
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	10,560	5,290	5,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	10,360	5,195	5,160	98.1	98.2	98.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,340	1,210	1,130	22.2	22.9	21.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,020	3,990	4,030	75.9	75.4	76.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	200	90	105	1.9	1.7	2.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	10,560	5,290	5,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	9,330	4,720	4,605	88.4	89.2	87.5
Immigrants⁸¹	1,220	560	655	11.6	10.6	12.4
Before 1980	560	270	290	5.3	5.1	5.5
1980 to 1990	290	130	155	2.7	2.5	2.9
1991 to 2000	130	65	70	1.2	1.2	1.3
2001 to 2010	150	70	85	1.4	1.3	1.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	90	25	65	0.9	0.5	1.2
2011 to 2015	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
2016 to 2021	50	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,220	560	655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	185	85	95	15.2	15.2	14.5
5 to 14 years	365	175	185	29.9	31.3	28.2
15 to 24 years	310	130	180	25.4	23.2	27.5
25 to 44 years	320	155	170	26.2	27.7	26.0
45 years and over	40	15	25	3.3	2.7	3.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,220	560	655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	180	75	100	14.8	13.4	15.3
Brazil	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	20	10	0	1.6	1.8	0.0
Guyana	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	15	0	1.2	2.7	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	10	10	1.6	1.8	1.5
United States of America	65	25	40	5.3	4.5	6.1
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	15	2.0	1.8	2.3
Europe	775	360	410	63.5	64.3	62.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	60	20	35	4.9	3.6	5.3
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	10	0	1.2	1.8	0.0
Netherlands	75	40	35	6.1	7.1	5.3
Poland	50	25	30	4.1	4.5	4.6
Portugal	225	100	120	18.4	17.9	18.3
Romania	25	10	20	2.0	1.8	3.1
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	225	110	115	18.4	19.6	17.6
Other places of birth in Europe	50	20	30	4.1	3.6	4.6
Africa	35	20	20	2.9	3.6	3.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	15	10	1.6	2.7	1.5
Asia	220	100	120	18.0	17.9	18.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	15	10	10	1.2	1.8	1.5
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	15	1.2	0.0	2.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	95	45	50	7.8	8.0	7.6
Pakistan	35	15	20	2.9	2.7	3.1
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	20	15	2.5	3.6	2.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	50	10	40	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	45	10	35	90.0	100.0	87.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	0	15	40.0	0.0	37.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	10	0	10	20.0	0.0	25.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	10,555	5,290	5,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,320	610	710	12.5	11.5	13.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,265	1,205	1,060	21.5	22.8	20.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	6,975	3,480	3,500	66.1	65.8	66.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	660	290	360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	295	145	150	44.7	50.0	41.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	120	70	50	18.2	24.1	13.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	170	75	100	25.8	25.9	27.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	265	105	160	40.2	36.2	44.4
Refugees¹⁰⁸	100	45	55	15.2	15.5	15.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	660	290	360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	80	50	30	12.1	17.2	8.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	0	1.5	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	10	20	5.3	3.4	5.6
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	530	220	310	80.3	75.9	86.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	10,555	5,290	5,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	710	380	330	6.7	7.2	6.3
South Asian	270	160	105	2.6	3.0	2.0
Chinese	55	35	25	0.5	0.7	0.5
Black	105	65	40	1.0	1.2	0.8
Filipino	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Arab	65	35	25	0.6	0.7	0.5
Latin American	75	40	35	0.7	0.8	0.7
Southeast Asian	55	20	35	0.5	0.4	0.7
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	9,850	4,905	4,940	93.3	92.7	93.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	10,560	5,290	5,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,915	970	945	18.1	18.3	17.9
English	2,785	1,390	1,395	26.4	26.3	26.5
Irish	2,110	1,045	1,065	20.0	19.8	20.2
Scottish	2,650	1,360	1,290	25.1	25.7	24.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	795	375	425	7.5	7.1	8.1
German	2,210	1,085	1,120	20.9	20.5	21.3
Chinese	55	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
Italian	510	210	300	4.8	4.0	5.7
Indian (India)	185	95	80	1.8	1.8	1.5
Ukrainian	245	130	115	2.3	2.5	2.2
Dutch	905	465	435	8.6	8.8	8.3
Polish	430	235	200	4.1	4.4	3.8
Québécois	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	455	230	220	4.3	4.3	4.2
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	150	75	75	1.4	1.4	1.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	125	55	70	1.2	1.0	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	60	40	20	0.6	0.8	0.4
Métis	70	25	45	0.7	0.5	0.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	160	80	80	1.5	1.5	1.5
Russian	80	50	25	0.8	0.9	0.5
Norwegian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Welsh	230	120	115	2.2	2.3	2.2
Portuguese	660	320	340	6.3	6.0	6.5
American	95	55	40	0.9	1.0	0.8
Spanish	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Swedish	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Hungarian	200	75	115	1.9	1.4	2.2
Acadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	70	50	25	0.7	0.9	0.5
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Greek	80	50	30	0.8	0.9	0.6
Jamaican	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	105	55	55	1.0	1.0	1.0
Lebanese	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Danish	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	105	55	45	1.0	1.0	0.9
Belgian	105	50	55	1.0	0.9	1.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mennonite	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Swiss	105	65	45	1.0	1.2	0.9
Finnish	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Japanese	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Serbian	100	55	40	0.9	1.0	0.8
Ojibway	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Newfoundlander	60	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	55	35	20	0.5	0.7	0.4
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	50	40	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	55	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	40	30	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
South African	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Australian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Slovenian	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	25	20	10	0.2	0.4	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	70	45	25	0.7	0.9	0.5
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	10,555	5,285	5,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Christian	6,520	3,105	3,415	61.8	58.8	64.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	875	405	475	8.3	7.7	9.0
Anabaptist	155	65	85	1.5	1.2	1.6
Anglican	495	235	265	4.7	4.4	5.0
Baptist	190	85	105	1.8	1.6	2.0
Catholic	2,590	1,270	1,320	24.5	24.0	25.0
Christian Orthodox	90	40	55	0.9	0.8	1.0
Jehovah's Witness	55	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
Latter Day Saints	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.6
Lutheran	300	110	190	2.8	2.1	3.6
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	115	60	60	1.1	1.1	1.1
Presbyterian	300	140	160	2.8	2.6	3.0
Reformed	195	90	105	1.8	1.7	2.0
United Church	770	400	365	7.3	7.6	6.9
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	325	160	160	3.1	3.0	3.0
Hindu	105	50	50	1.0	0.9	0.9
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	140	80	60	1.3	1.5	1.1
Sikh	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.6
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	70	40	30	0.7	0.8	0.6
No religion and secular perspectives	3,645	1,985	1,665	34.5	37.6	31.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	10,455	5,235	5,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,620	4,830	4,790	92.0	92.3	91.9
Movers	835	410	425	8.0	7.8	8.1
Non-migrants	380	185	195	3.6	3.5	3.7
Migrants	455	225	230	4.4	4.3	4.4
Internal migrants	440	220	225	4.2	4.2	4.3
Intraprovincial migrants	420	205	215	4.0	3.9	4.1
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
External migrants	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	10,010	5,015	5,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	6,975	3,480	3,495	69.7	69.4	69.8
Movers	3,035	1,530	1,510	30.3	30.5	30.2
Non-migrants	525	280	240	5.2	5.6	4.8
Migrants	2,515	1,250	1,260	25.1	24.9	25.2
Internal migrants	2,465	1,230	1,235	24.6	24.5	24.7
Intraprovincial migrants	2,375	1,175	1,195	23.7	23.4	23.9
Interprovincial migrants	90	45	40	0.9	0.9	0.8
External migrants	50	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,615	4,265	4,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,305	640	660	15.1	15.0	15.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,315	3,625	3,690	84.9	85.0	84.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,505	2,685	2,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	440	255	180	8.0	9.5	6.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,065	2,435	2,635	92.0	90.7	93.6
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,620	4,270	4,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,160	565	590	13.5	13.2	13.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,390	1,145	1,245	27.7	26.8	28.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,070	2,555	2,515	58.8	59.8	57.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,070	1,725	1,350	35.6	40.4	31.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	575	480	95	6.7	11.2	2.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	175	130	45	2.0	3.0	1.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	400	355	45	4.6	8.3	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,330	1,160	1,170	27.0	27.2	26.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	165	85	85	1.9	2.0	2.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,000	830	1,170	23.2	19.4	26.9
Bachelor's degree	1,405	590	815	16.3	13.8	18.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	165	60	100	1.9	1.4	2.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Master's degree	355	130	220	4.1	3.0	5.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	60	35	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,505	2,690	2,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	360	225	135	6.5	8.4	4.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,300	625	675	23.6	23.2	24.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,845	1,835	2,010	69.8	68.2	71.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,300	1,260	1,045	41.8	46.8	37.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	390	330	65	7.1	12.3	2.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	115	85	30	2.1	3.2	1.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	280	245	35	5.1	9.1	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,790	870	925	32.5	32.3	32.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	115	65	55	2.1	2.4	2.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,545	580	965	28.1	21.6	34.3
Bachelor's degree	1,060	410	650	19.3	15.2	23.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	130	35	95	2.4	1.3	3.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Master's degree	300	105	195	5.4	3.9	6.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.7
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,620	4,270	4,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,545	1,715	1,830	41.1	40.2	42.1
Education	370	75	300	4.3	1.8	6.9
13. Education	370	75	300	4.3	1.8	6.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	130	35	100	1.5	0.8	2.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	120	25	95	1.4	0.6	2.2
Humanities	285	85	195	3.3	2.0	4.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	75	25	50	0.9	0.6	1.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	25	60	1.0	0.6	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	35	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.7
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	545	170	370	6.3	4.0	8.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	30	55	1.0	0.7	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	130	0	130	1.5	0.0	3.0
22. Legal professions and studies	75	40	35	0.9	0.9	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	65	15	50	0.8	0.4	1.1
45. Social sciences	175	80	95	2.0	1.9	2.2
Business, management and public administration	940	415	530	10.9	9.7	12.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	10	50	0.8	0.2	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	880	405	475	10.2	9.5	10.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	200	85	105	2.3	2.0	2.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	90	35	50	1.0	0.8	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	30	35	0.8	0.7	0.8
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	150	105	45	1.7	2.5	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125	95	35	1.5	2.2	0.8
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,235	1,155	80	14.3	27.0	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
14. Engineering	180	140	35	2.1	3.3	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	310	290	25	3.6	6.8	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	255	250	0	3.0	5.9	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	275	265	0	3.2	6.2	0.0
48. Precision production	190	190	0	2.2	4.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	190	105	85	2.2	2.5	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	145	75	65	1.7	1.8	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	35	15	0.5	0.8	0.3
Health and related fields	650	125	530	7.5	2.9	12.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	85	45	40	1.0	1.1	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	550	65	480	6.4	1.5	11.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	365	195	170	4.2	4.6	3.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	165	55	110	1.9	1.3	2.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	170	110	60	2.0	2.6	1.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	25	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,505	2,690	2,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,660	850	805	30.2	31.6	28.6
Education	255	35	225	4.6	1.3	8.0
13. Education	255	35	225	4.6	1.3	8.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	100	20	80	1.8	0.7	2.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	90	20	75	1.6	0.7	2.7
Humanities	190	50	140	3.5	1.9	5.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	55	20	35	1.0	0.7	1.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65	15	45	1.2	0.6	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
54. History	25	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	425	120	300	7.7	4.5	10.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	15	45	1.0	0.6	1.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	0	90	1.7	0.0	3.2
22. Legal professions and studies	60	35	25	1.1	1.3	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
42. Psychology	55	10	45	1.0	0.4	1.6
45. Social sciences	145	65	80	2.6	2.4	2.8
Business, management and public administration	690	260	435	12.5	9.7	15.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	10	40	0.8	0.4	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	645	255	390	11.7	9.5	13.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	145	50	90	2.6	1.9	3.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	15	50	1.2	0.6	1.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	15	25	0.6	0.6	0.9
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	30	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	135	100	35	2.5	3.7	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125	95	30	2.3	3.5	1.1
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	950	875	75	17.3	32.5	2.7
04. Architecture and related services	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.5
14. Engineering	145	115	30	2.6	4.3	1.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	260	240	20	4.7	8.9	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	160	160	0	2.9	5.9	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	225	220	0	4.1	8.2	0.0
48. Precision production	140	135	0	2.5	5.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145	85	60	2.6	3.2	2.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	110	60	50	2.0	2.2	1.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	25	10	0.6	0.9	0.4
Health and related fields	505	90	420	9.2	3.3	14.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	70	30	35	1.3	1.1	1.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	425	50	375	7.7	1.9	13.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	285	150	140	5.2	5.6	5.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	120	35	85	2.2	1.3	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	140	95	45	2.5	3.5	1.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	25	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,505	2,690	2,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,660	850	805	30.2	31.6	28.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,845	1,840	2,005	69.8	68.4	71.2
Location of study inside Canada	3,565	1,730	1,835	64.8	64.3	65.2
Same as province or territory of residence	3,410	1,650	1,760	61.9	61.3	62.5
Different than province or territory of residence	150	70	80	2.7	2.6	2.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	280	105	175	5.1	3.9	6.2
Americas	95	45	55	1.7	1.7	2.0
United States of America	95	45	50	1.7	1.7	1.8
Mexico	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	90	35	55	1.6	1.3	2.0
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	0	20	0.5	0.0	0.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Africa	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	75	25	45	1.4	0.9	1.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	45	20	25	0.8	0.7	0.9
Pakistan	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
Australia	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.5
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	8,620	4,270	4,350	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,005	3,160	2,840	...	...	...
Employed	5,560	2,935	2,625	...	...	...
Unemployed	445	230	215	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	2,615	1,105	1,510	...	...	...
Participation rate	69.7	74.0	65.3	69.7	74.0	65.3
Employment rate	64.5	68.7	60.3	64.5	68.7	60.3
Unemployment rate	7.4	7.3	7.6	7.4	7.3	7.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	8,620	4,270	4,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,510	1,065	1,450	29.1	24.9	33.3
Worked	6,105	3,205	2,905	70.8	75.1	66.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,570	2,150	1,425	41.4	50.4	32.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,535	1,055	1,480	29.4	24.7	34.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	44.7	41.8	43.3	44.7	41.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,005	3,165	2,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90	55	40	1.5	1.7	1.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,910	3,105	2,805	98.4	98.1	98.8
Employee	4,815	2,430	2,385	80.2	76.8	84.0
Permanent position	4,280	2,190	2,085	71.3	69.2	73.4
Temporary position	535	235	300	8.9	7.4	10.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	130	65	60	2.2	2.1	2.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	410	175	235	6.8	5.5	8.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,100	680	420	18.3	21.5	14.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,005	3,165	2,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90	55	40	1.5	1.7	1.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,910	3,105	2,805	98.4	98.1	98.8
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	160	115	50	2.7	3.6	1.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	995	260	730	16.6	8.2	25.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	515	410	110	8.6	13.0	3.9
3 Health occupations	355	60	295	5.9	1.9	10.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	725	230	495	12.1	7.3	17.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	155	55	100	2.6	1.7	3.5
6 Sales and service occupations	1,250	495	760	20.8	15.6	26.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,095	1,010	85	18.2	31.9	3.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	260	175	85	4.3	5.5	3.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	395	295	100	6.6	9.3	3.5
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,005	3,165	2,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90	55	40	1.5	1.7	1.4
All industries¹⁹¹	5,910	3,105	2,805	98.4	98.1	98.8
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	215	135	85	3.6	4.3	3.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
22 Utilities	25	20	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
23 Construction	600	495	105	10.0	15.6	3.7
31-33 Manufacturing	855	615	240	14.2	19.4	8.5
41 Wholesale trade	215	140	80	3.6	4.4	2.8
44-45 Retail trade	605	265	340	10.1	8.4	12.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	310	215	90	5.2	6.8	3.2
51 Information and cultural industries	110	70	40	1.8	2.2	1.4
52 Finance and insurance	245	85	165	4.1	2.7	5.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75	40	40	1.2	1.3	1.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	495	295	195	8.2	9.3	6.9
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	235	110	130	3.9	3.5	4.6
61 Educational services	500	105	395	8.3	3.3	13.9
62 Health care and social assistance	590	105	485	9.8	3.3	17.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	80	25	55	1.3	0.8	1.9
72 Accommodation and food services	215	85	125	3.6	2.7	4.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	190	110	85	3.2	3.5	3.0
91 Public administration	315	190	120	5.2	6.0	4.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,390	3,330	3,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,265	3,275	2,990	98.0	98.3	97.6
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	45	10	30	0.7	0.3	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	65	35	35	1.0	1.1	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,390	3,330	3,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,370	3,320	3,055	99.7	99.7	99.7
Official languages	6,365	3,310	3,055	99.6	99.4	99.7
English	6,360	3,310	3,045	99.5	99.4	99.3
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,390	3,330	3,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,290	3,285	3,000	98.4	98.6	97.9
English	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French	40	10	30	0.6	0.3	1.0
Non-official language	50	25	25	0.8	0.8	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	50	25	25	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,555	2,930	2,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,535	680	855	27.6	23.2	32.5
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
No fixed workplace address	520	410	110	9.4	14.0	4.2
Usual place of work	3,485	1,825	1,660	62.7	62.3	63.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,485	1,825	1,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	750	405	340	21.5	22.2	20.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,895	955	935	54.4	52.3	56.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	840	460	380	24.1	25.2	22.9
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,005	2,235	1,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	3,775	2,125	1,645	94.3	95.1	92.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,585	2,070	1,520	89.5	92.6	85.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	190	60	125	4.7	2.7	7.1
Public transit	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Walked	150	65	85	3.7	2.9	4.8
Bicycle	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Other method	60	20	40	1.5	0.9	2.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,005	2,235	1,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,100	595	505	27.5	26.6	28.5
15 to 29 minutes	1,510	815	695	37.7	36.5	39.3
30 to 44 minutes	930	520	415	23.2	23.3	23.4
45 to 59 minutes	255	140	115	6.4	6.3	6.5
60 minutes and over	210	170	40	5.2	7.6	2.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,005	2,235	1,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	300	240	55	7.5	10.7	3.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	880	665	215	22.0	29.8	12.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,150	560	595	28.7	25.1	33.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	695	305	390	17.4	13.6	22.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	335	155	185	8.4	6.9	10.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	635	310	325	15.9	13.9	18.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,425	1,250	1,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	160	70	95	6.6	5.6	8.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,260	1,185	1,080	93.2	94.8	91.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,840	965	875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	115	50	65	6.3	5.2	7.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	80	35	45	4.3	3.6	5.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	15	15	1.9	1.6	1.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,730	915	810	94.0	94.8	92.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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