2021 Census of Population
Population and Dwelling Count Highlight Tables
About this product
Product description
Catalogue number and how to cite
Catalogue number: 98-402-X2021001
How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2022. Population and Dwelling Count Highlight Tables, 2021 Census of Population. 2021 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue number 98-402-X2021001. Ottawa. Released February 9, 2022.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/index-eng.cfm (accessed June 30, 2024).
About the data
Content considerations
The 2021 Census population counts for a particular geographic area represent the number of Canadians whose usual place of residence is in that area, regardless of where they happened to be on Census Day. Also included are any Canadians who were staying in that area on Census Day and who had no usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada, as well as those considered to be non-permanent residents. For most areas, there is little difference between the number of usual residents and the number of people staying in the area on Census Day. For certain places, however, such as tourist or vacation areas, or those including large work camps, the number of people staying in that area at any particular time could significantly exceed the number of usual residents shown here. The population counts include Canadians living in other countries, but do not include foreign residents living in Canada. Given these differences, users are advised not to interpret population counts as being the number of people living in the reported dwellings.
The dwelling counts refer to total private dwellings and private dwellings occupied by usual residents in Canada. The census dwelling counts do not include collective dwellings, which are dwellings of a commercial, institutional or communal nature. The usual residents in collective dwellings are, however, included in the population counts.
Changes occur to the names, boundaries and other characteristics of geographic areas (e.g., census subdivisions may amalgamate, or there may be an annexation or a change of name or status). Since the geographic framework is used for census data collection, the geographic reference date must be set several months before the date of the census in order to have these changes made in time. For the 2021 Census, the geographic reference date was January 1, 2021.
Land area is the area in square kilometres of the land-based portions of standard geographic areas. The data are unofficial, and are provided for the sole purpose of calculating population density. Land area data for the standard geographic areas reflect the boundaries in effect on January 1, 2021 (the geographic reference date for the 2021 Census of Canada).
The land area data are derived from the Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) using the Albers equal-area conic map projection. The data are calculated and stored in square kilometres at the basic block (BB) level to eight decimal places. (The basic block is the smallest polygon unit and is formed by the intersection of all roads and boundary arcs of standard geographic areas that do not follow roads. Basic blocks (BBs) are not available to the public.) The basic block (BB) data are then aggregated to the census block (CB) level and rounded to eight decimal places. The CB data are individually aggregated to each higher-level standard geographic area and rounded to four decimal places. The land area data presented in these tables, however, are rounded to two decimal places. The calculation of population density uses the land area stored to four decimal places. The population density displayed in these tables is rounded to one decimal place.
Definitions
The Census Dictionary is a reference document which contains detailed definitions of Census of Population concepts, universes, variables, and geographic terms, as well as historical information.
Adjustment of population counts
Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.
Counts of the total population are rounded to a base of 5 for any dissemination block having a population of less than 15. Population counts for all standard geographic areas above the dissemination block level are derived by summing the adjusted dissemination block counts. The adjustment of dissemination block counts is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions. Dwelling counts are not adjusted.
Difference between census counts and population estimates
The Census of Population is designed to conduct a complete count of the population. Inevitably, however, some individuals will not be enumerated (undercoverage), while others, usually less numerous, will be enumerated more than once (overcoverage).
To determine the number of people who were missed or counted more than once, Statistics Canada conducts postcensal studies of the coverage of the census population, using representative samples of the population. Results of these studies are usually available two years after Census Day. They are used, in combination with census figures and other sources, to develop the population estimates produced by Statistics Canada on a regular basis. Population estimates are used for equalization payments, to follow trends in the Canadian population on a quarterly basis and to understand the underlying components of population change (for example, births, deaths, immigrants, emigrants and non-permanent residents). Population estimates differ from census counts and are usually higher, because census counts are not adjusted for undercoverage or overcoverage.
Incompletely enumerated reserves and settlements
In 2021, a total of 63 census subdivisions defined as reserves and settlements were incompletely enumerated. For these reserves and settlements, dwelling enumeration was either not permitted or could not be completed because of the various reasons below.
This represents an increase compared with the 14 census subdivisions defined as reserves and settlements that were incompletely enumerated in the 2016 Census. Health and safety restrictions put in place to slow the spread of COVID-19 and natural events (including evacuations because of forest fires) contributed to the incomplete enumeration of many reserves and settlements.
The 2021 Census population and dwelling counts are not available for the 63 incompletely enumerated reserves and settlements, and are not included in 2021 Census tabulations. Data for geographic areas containing one or more of these reserves and settlements are noted accordingly. Because of the missing data, users are cautioned that—for the affected geographic areas—comparisons (e.g., percentage change) between 2016 and 2021 may not be precise. The impact of the missing data for higher-level geographic areas (Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations) is usually very small. However, the impact can be significant for lower-level geographic areas (e.g., census divisions), where incompletely enumerated reserves and settlements account for a higher proportion of the population. This is especially true for lower-level geographic areas where a particular reserve or settlement was incompletely enumerated for the 2021 Census but enumerated for the 2016 Census and, vice versa.
Table 1 provides the list of incompletely enumerated reserves and settlements for the 2021 Census, along with population counts from the last two censuses (where available).
Table 2 shows, in alphabetical order, the list of incompletely enumerated reserves and settlements for the 2021 Census by province, census division and, where applicable, census metropolitan area or census agglomeration.
Province | Incompletely enumerated reserves and settlements, 2021 | Enumeration status for the 2021 Census (reasons for absence of data) | Population, 2016 | Population, 2011 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Quebec | Listuguj | Permission not given | 1,514Table 1 Note 1 | 1,865 |
Kahnawake | Permission not given | .. | .. | |
Akwesasne | Permission not given | 2,378Table 1 Note 1 | .. | |
Kanesatake | Permission not given | .. | .. | |
Doncaster | Permission not given | .. | .. | |
Lac-Rapide | Permission not given | .. | .. | |
Pakuashipi | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 237 | 312 | |
Romaine 2 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 977 | 1,016 | |
Ontario | Akwesasne (Part) 59 | Permission not given | 1,693Table 1 Note 1 | .. |
Six Nations (Part) 40 | Permission not given | .. | 946 | |
Six Nations (Part) 40 | Permission not given | .. | 6,213 | |
Walpole Island 46 | Permission not given | 1,589 | .. | |
Chippewas of the Thames First Nation 42 | Permission not given | .. | 762 | |
Oneida 41 | Permission not given | .. | 1,282 | |
Wahta Mohawk Territory | Permission not given | .. | .. | |
Rankin Location 15D | Permission not given | .. | .. | |
Goulais Bay 15A | Permission not given | .. | .. | |
Obadjiwan 15E | Permission not given | 0 | ... | |
Fort Albany (Part) 67 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 1,404 | 1,520 | |
Pikangikum 14 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | .. | .. | |
Muskrat Dam Lake | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 281 | 260 | |
Manitoba | Swan Lake 7 | Permission not given | 347 | 371 |
Little Grand Rapids 14 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 810 | 847 | |
Poplar River 16 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 866 | 848 | |
Pauingassi First Nation | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 307Table 1 Note 1 | 388 | |
Oxford House 24 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 1,955 | 1,864 | |
Granville Lake | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 10 | 16 | |
Churchill 1 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 324 | 321 | |
Pukatawagan 198 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 1,844Table 1 Note 1 | 1,826 | |
Brochet 197 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 506 | 406 | |
Shamattawa 1 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 1,019 | 998 | |
Saskatchewan | Kinoosao-Thomas Clark 204 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 10 | 40 |
Alberta | Eden Valley 216 | Permission not given | 596 | 587 |
Tsuu T'ina Nation 145 | Permission not given | 2,271Table 1 Note 1 | 1,777 | |
Big Horn 144A | Permission not given | 237 | 134 | |
Saddle Lake 125 | Permission not given | .. | .. | |
Stoney 142, 143, 144 | Permission not given | 3,713 | 3,494 | |
Stoney 142B | Permission not given | 10 | ... | |
Thebathi 196 | Permission not given | 15 | 30 | |
Thabacha Náre 196A | Permission not given | 28 | 0 | |
British Columbia | Peters 1 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 30 | 27 |
Barnston Island 3 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 49 | 47 | |
Hesquiat 1 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 5 | 5 | |
Refuge Cove 6 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 44 | 72 | |
Basque 18 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 0 | 5 | |
Kumcheen 1 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 41 | 39 | |
Kloklowuck 7 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 5 | 5 | |
Spences Bridge | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 5 | 0 | |
Shawniken 4B | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 16 | 15 | |
Salmon River 1 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 39 | 45 | |
Canim Lake 1 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 228 | 224 | |
Lohbiee 3 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 91 | 118 | |
Canim Lake 2 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 5 | 5 | |
Chilco Lake 1 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 5 | 43 | |
Chilco Lake 1A | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 25 | 0 | |
Tanakut 4 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 15 | 5 | |
Lezbye 6 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 20 | 0 | |
Alexandria | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 40 | 52 | |
Garden | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 5 | 10 | |
S1/2 Tsimpsean 2 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 88 | 83 | |
Omineca 1 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 5 | 10 | |
Francois Lake 7 | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 10 | 10 | |
Uncha Lake 13A | Dwelling enumeration could not be completed | 10 | 5 | |
.. not available for a specific reference period ... not applicable
Notes: |
Name | Type | Province | Census division | CMA/CA |
---|---|---|---|---|
Akwesasne | IRI | Quebec | Le Haut-Saint-Laurent | ... |
Akwesasne (Part) 59 | IRI | Ontario | Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry | ... |
Alexandria | IRI | British Columbia | Cariboo | Quesnel |
Barnston Island 3 | IRI | British Columbia | Greater Vancouver | Vancouver |
Basque 18 | IRI | British Columbia | Thompson-Nicola | ... |
Big Horn 144A | IRI | Alberta | Division No. 9 | ... |
Brochet 197 | IRI | Manitoba | Division No. 23 | ... |
Canim Lake 1 | IRI | British Columbia | Cariboo | ... |
Canim Lake 2 | IRI | British Columbia | Cariboo | ... |
Chilco Lake 1 | IRI | British Columbia | Cariboo | ... |
Chilco Lake 1A | IRI | British Columbia | Cariboo | ... |
Chippewas of the Thames First Nation 42 | IRI | Ontario | Middlesex | ... |
Churchill 1 | IRI | Manitoba | Division No. 23 | ... |
Doncaster | IRI | Quebec | Les Laurentides | ... |
Eden Valley 216 | IRI | Alberta | Division No. 6 | ... |
Fort Albany (Part) 67 | IRI | Ontario | Kenora | ... |
Francois Lake 7 | IRI | British Columbia | Bulkley-Nechako | ... |
Garden | IRI | British Columbia | Cariboo | ... |
Goulais Bay 15A | IRI | Ontario | Algoma | ... |
Granville Lake | S-É | Manitoba | Division No. 23 | ... |
Hesquiat 1 | IRI | British Columbia | Alberni-Clayoquot | ... |
Kahnawake | IRI | Quebec | Roussillon | Montréal |
Kanesatake | S-É | Quebec | Deux-Montagnes | Montréal |
Kinoosao-Thomas Clark 204 | IRI | Saskatchewan | Division No. 18 | ... |
Kloklowuck 7 | IRI | British Columbia | Thompson-Nicola | ... |
Kumcheen 1 | IRI | British Columbia | Thompson-Nicola | ... |
Lac-Rapide | IRI | Quebec | La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau | ... |
Lezbye 6 | IRI | British Columbia | Cariboo | ... |
Listuguj | IRI | Quebec | Avignon | Campbellton |
Little Grand Rapids 14 | IRI | Manitoba | Division No. 19 | ... |
Lohbiee 3 | IRI | British Columbia | Cariboo | ... |
Muskrat Dam Lake | IRI | Ontario | Kenora | ... |
Obadjiwan 15E | IRI | Ontario | Algoma | ... |
Omineca 1 | IRI | British Columbia | Bulkley-Nechako | ... |
Oneida 41 | IRI | Ontario | Middlesex | ... |
Oxford House 24 | IRI | Manitoba | Division No. 22 | ... |
Pakuashipi | S-É | Quebec | Minganie--Le Golfe-du-Saint-Laurent | ... |
Pauingassi First Nation | IRI | Manitoba | Division No. 19 | ... |
Peters 1 | IRI | British Columbia | Fraser Valley | ... |
Pikangikum 14 | IRI | Ontario | Kenora | ... |
Poplar River 16 | IRI | Manitoba | Division No. 19 | ... |
Pukatawagan 198 | IRI | Manitoba | Division No. 23 | ... |
Rankin Location 15D | IRI | Ontario | Algoma | Sault Ste. Marie |
Refuge Cove 6 | IRI | British Columbia | Alberni-Clayoquot | ... |
Romaine 2 | IRI | Quebec | Minganie--Le Golfe-du-Saint-Laurent | ... |
S1/2 Tsimpsean 2 | IRI | British Columbia | Skeena-Queen Charlotte | Prince Rupert |
Saddle Lake 125 | IRI | Alberta | Division No. 12 | ... |
Salmon River 1 | IRI | British Columbia | Columbia-Shuswap | ... |
Shamattawa 1 | IRI | Manitoba | Division No. 23 | ... |
Shawniken 4B | IRI | British Columbia | Thompson-Nicola | ... |
Six Nations (Part) 40 | IRI | Ontario | Haldimand-Norfolk | ... |
Six Nations (Part) 40 | IRI | Ontario | Brant | Brantford |
Spences Bridge | IRI | British Columbia | Thompson-Nicola | ... |
Stoney 142, 143, 144 | IRI | Alberta | Division No. 15 | ... |
Stoney 142B | IRI | Alberta | Division No. 15 | ... |
Swan Lake 7 | IRI | Manitoba | Division No. 4 | ... |
Tanakut 4 | IRI | British Columbia | Cariboo | ... |
Thabacha Náre 196A | IRI | Alberta | Division No. 16 | Wood Buffalo |
Thebathi 196 | IRI | Alberta | Division No. 16 | ... |
Tsuu T'ina Nation 145 | IRI | Alberta | Division No. 6 | Calgary |
Uncha Lake 13A | IRI | British Columbia | Bulkley-Nechako | ... |
Wahta Mohawk Territory | IRI | Ontario | Muskoka | ... |
Walpole Island 46 | IRI | Ontario | Lambton | ... |
... not applicable IRI = Indian reserve S-É = Indian settlement CMA = Census metropolitan area CA = Census agglomeration The definition of residence on reserve includes some census subdivisions for which a First Nation has signed a modern treaty or a self-government agreement that provides them land ownership. Source: Statistics Canada, Census of Population, 2021. |
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