Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Halifax, County [Census division], Nova Scotia

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Sex Information - Sex

Age groups Information - Age

The table shows aboriginal identities (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers), by sex and age groups.
Characteristic	Halifax, CTY Nova Scotia [Census division]
	Data quality , Halifax, County [Census division], Nova Scotia Map : Halifax, County [Census division], Nova Scotia Related data - Halifax, CTY
	Total - Sex, Total - Age groups
	Total - Population in private households by Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 1}	Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 2}	Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 3}	First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 4}	Métis	Inuk (Inuit)	Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 5}	Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 6}	Non-Aboriginal identity
Average age and median age
Total - Average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	397,630	15,810	15,270	7,960	6,910	405	275	270	381,820
Average age	40.5	33.7	33.5	32.7	34.5	33.9	35.1	43.5	40.8
Median age	40.7	32.1	31.8	30.7	33.0	31.1	33.1	48.0	41.1
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 7}	337,215	12,305	11,845	6,080	5,450	315	220	235	324,915
Married or living common law	191,585	6,180	5,935	2,970	2,810	160	105	135	185,400
Married	153,065	4,270	4,075	1,990	1,990	100	85	110	148,800
Living common law	38,520	1,915	1,860	980	820	60	20	30	36,605
Not married and not living common law	145,630	6,115	5,910	3,110	2,635	165	110	100	139,510
Never married	100,370	4,580	4,430	2,310	2,005	110	90	60	95,785
Separated	9,650	495	475	275	190	0	15	10	9,155
Divorced	20,180	695	675	335	305	35	10	15	19,485
Widowed	15,425	345	330	180	135	15	0	15	15,080
Family characteristics
Total - Family characteristics for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 8}	397,635	15,810	15,270	7,955	6,905	405	275	265	381,820
Married spouses and common-law partners	189,565	6,140	5,895	2,950	2,790	160	110	135	183,425
Married spouses	151,045	4,225	4,035	1,970	1,965	95	85	105	146,820
Common-law partners	38,520	1,910	1,860	980	820	60	25	25	36,610
Lone parents (in lone-parent census families)	18,825	970	950	515	410	25	15	10	17,855
Children in census families (as in sons, daughters or grandchildren)	105,100	5,680	5,510	2,930	2,445	125	100	70	99,425
Living with two biological or adoptive parents^{Census data footnote 9}	68,655	3,170	3,075	1,600	1,440	40	55	45	65,485
In an intact family^{Census data footnote 10}	66,655	3,050	2,955	1,540	1,385	30	55	40	63,605
In a complex stepfamily^{Census data footnote 11}	2,000	125	120	60	55	10	0	0	1,880
Living with one biological or adoptive parent and one step-parent	8,095	505	490	245	225	15	10	10	7,585
In a simple stepfamily^{Census data footnote 12}	4,960	290	280	155	125	10	0	0	4,665
In a complex stepfamily^{Census data footnote 13}	3,135	215	210	90	105	10	0	0	2,920
Living with one parent in a lone-parent census family^{Census data footnote 14}	27,345	1,940	1,890	1,055	760	70	35	15	25,405
With a male lone parent	5,030	370	350	170	165	25	10	10	4,665
With a female lone parent	22,315	1,575	1,535	885	600	50	25	10	20,745
Living with grandparents without parents present	1,005	55	50	35	15	0	0	0	950
With two grandparents without parents present	520	35	35	20	10	0	0	0	485
With one grandparent without parents present	485	20	15	15	0	0	10	0	465
Persons not in census families	84,140	3,025	2,920	1,555	1,265	95	55	50	81,110
Living with other relatives	7,995	335	325	165	150	10	10	10	7,655
Foster children	265	20	20	15	0	0	0	0	245
Living with non-relatives only or alone	75,885	2,665	2,575	1,380	1,110	85	45	50	73,215
Registered or Treaty Indian status
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 15}	397,635	15,810	15,270	7,955	6,910	405	275	270	381,820
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 16}	4,015	4,015	3,715	2,785	915	15	60	235	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	393,615	11,800	11,555	5,170	5,990	390	215	30	381,820
Aboriginal ancestry
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 17}	397,630	15,815	15,270	7,960	6,910	400	275	265	381,820
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 18}	2,600	2,010	1,975	1,190	680	105	30	10	585
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 19}	2,515	1,935	1,900	1,180	620	95	25	10	575
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 20}	1,715	1,235	1,215	1,175	30	15	10	10	480
Métis single ancestry	685	610	600	10	590	0	10	0	80
Inuit single ancestry	110	90	85	0	0	85	0	0	20
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 21}	85	75	75	10	60	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	60	50	50	10	40	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	10	15	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 22}	24,125	11,670	11,385	5,635	5,470	285	245	40	12,455
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 23}	23,270	10,995	10,780	5,515	5,010	255	175	40	12,275
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	16,335	6,390	6,280	5,430	835	20	75	35	9,945
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,315	4,305	4,215	75	4,140	0	85	10	2,010
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	620	300	280	10	35	235	15	0	320
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 24}	860	680	605	120	455	25	70	10	185
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	705	585	535	90	445	0	55	0	120
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	45	45	30	0	10	10	0	45
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	40	25	0	10	15	10	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 25}	370,905	2,135	1,905	1,130	755	15	10	215	368,780
Aboriginal ancestry responses
Total - Aboriginal ancestry responses for the population in private household - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 26}	397,635	15,815	15,270	7,960	6,910	400	275	265	381,820
Total Aboriginal ancestry^{Census data footnote 27}	26,720	13,685	13,365	6,825	6,150	385	270	50	13,040
First Nations ancestry	18,920	8,330	8,140	6,730	1,360	45	150	45	10,595
Abenaki	40	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	30
Algonquin	155	110	110	70	45	0	0	0	45
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 28}	15	15	20	15	0	0	0	0	0
Apache	15	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	10
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver (Dunne-za)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 29}	120	35	35	35	0	0	0	0	90
Blood (Kainai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier (Dakelh)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	195	50	45	45	0	0	0	0	150
Chilcotin (Tsilhqot'in)	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chipewyan (Denesuline)	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cowichan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree	750	385	375	215	145	15	10	0	370
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Delaware (Lenape)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene Tha (Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 30}	15	15	15	15	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	15	15	15	15	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	65	15	15	10	10	0	0	0	45
Innu/Montagnais	70	50	50	15	25	10	0	0	20
Iroquois, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 31}	195	80	75	55	20	0	0	0	115
Kaska	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakwaka'wakw (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lakota	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	65	30	35	35	0	0	0	0	35
Mi'kmaq	11,430	5,340	5,235	4,355	870	15	70	40	6,085
Mohawk	215	150	150	135	15	0	0	0	65
Musqueam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Navajo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nlaka'pamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuxalk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odawa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	350	255	250	190	65	0	0	0	100
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan (Syilx)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Potawatomi	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sahtu (North Slavey)	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 32}	25	20	20	20	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	20	20	25	20	10	0	0	0	0
Sechelt (Shishalh)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemc (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sioux, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 33}	30	25	25	30	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St'at'imc (Lillooet)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sto:lo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney (Nakoda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 34}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wet'suwet'en	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations ancestry, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 35}	5,390	1,915	1,845	1,630	185	30	65	0	3,475
Métis ancestry	7,850	5,610	5,445	185	5,245	10	165	10	2,235
Inuit ancestry	905	500	465	35	70	355	35	0	405
Non-Aboriginal ancestry	395,035	13,800	13,290	6,765	6,225	300	250	260	381,235
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 36}	397,630	15,810	15,270	7,955	6,905	400	275	265	381,820
English only	345,790	13,035	12,570	6,925	5,265	380	225	240	332,755
French only	270	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	270
English and French	49,400	2,770	2,690	1,035	1,635	25	55	30	46,625
Neither English nor French	2,175	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	2,170
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 37}	397,635	15,815	15,270	7,955	6,910	405	275	270	381,820
English	384,835	15,010	14,485	7,780	6,295	405	265	260	369,820
French	9,515	770	755	155	600	0	10	10	8,745
English and French	1,200	30	30	20	10	0	0	0	1,170
Neither English nor French	2,090	10	0	0	10	0	0	0	2,085
Official language minority
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 38}	10,115	785	765	165	605	0	10	10	9,330
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 39}	2.5	5.0	5.0	2.1	8.8	0.0	3.6	3.7	2.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 40}	397,630	15,810	15,265	7,955	6,910	400	275	265	381,820
Official languages	366,705	15,745	15,205	7,900	6,900	400	275	270	350,960
English	356,760	14,940	14,410	7,740	6,275	405	265	260	341,820
French	11,915	945	915	220	700	0	20	10	10,975
Non-official languages	34,340	95	95	80	15	0	0	0	34,250
Aboriginal languages	75	70	70	65	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	70	65	65	65	0	0	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	55	55	55	55	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	60	60	55	55	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	34,265	25	30	10	20	0	0	0	34,240
Language spoken at home
Total - Language spoken at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 41}	397,630	15,810	15,270	7,960	6,910	400	275	265	381,820
Official languages	388,990	15,805	15,260	7,955	6,900	405	275	265	373,185
English	387,325	15,760	15,220	7,955	6,860	405	275	265	371,560
French	13,680	1,070	1,035	325	710	0	20	10	12,615
Non-official languages	33,410	225	225	170	50	0	0	0	33,185
Aboriginal languages	130	130	130	130	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	115	115	115	110	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	105	110	110	105	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	110	110	110	105	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	33,285	95	95	45	45	0	0	10	33,185
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 42}	397,630	15,810	15,270	7,955	6,905	405	275	265	381,815
Official languages	395,460	15,805	15,265	7,955	6,900	405	275	270	379,655
English	395,190	15,805	15,260	7,955	6,900	405	275	265	379,385
French	49,665	2,770	2,695	1,035	1,635	25	50	25	46,895
Non-official languages	43,815	510	495	295	195	10	10	10	43,310
Aboriginal languages	190	185	185	170	10	10	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	160	160	160	155	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	155	155	155	150	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	150	150	155	145	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	43,640	325	315	125	190	0	10	0	43,310
Mobility status
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago for the population aged 1 year and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 43}	393,840	15,585	15,045	7,845	6,800	395	275	265	378,255
Non-movers	335,125	12,965	12,510	6,440	5,770	305	225	235	322,160
Movers	58,715	2,620	2,535	1,410	1,030	95	55	30	56,095
Non-migrants	41,645	1,895	1,830	1,005	755	70	35	30	39,745
Migrants	17,075	725	705	405	275	25	20	0	16,345
Internal migrants	12,075	700	680	390	270	25	20	10	11,370
Intraprovincial migrants	4,125	335	315	185	120	10	15	0	3,785
Interprovincial migrants	7,950	370	360	200	145	15	10	0	7,585
External migrants	5,000	25	20	20	10	0	0	0	4,975
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago for the population aged 5 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	377,840	14,690	14,185	7,395	6,405	380	260	250	363,150
Non-movers	227,440	8,195	7,870	4,040	3,680	150	165	165	219,240
Movers	150,395	6,490	6,315	3,355	2,730	230	95	90	143,905
Non-migrants	99,295	4,330	4,215	2,220	1,845	145	45	70	94,965
Migrants	51,100	2,165	2,100	1,135	880	80	50	15	48,940
Internal migrants	36,440	2,065	2,010	1,075	850	80	50	10	34,370
Intraprovincial migrants	12,010	800	770	365	385	15	25	0	11,210
Interprovincial migrants	24,430	1,265	1,240	705	465	60	25	0	23,160
External migrants	14,660	90	90	60	30	10	0	0	14,565
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	337,215	12,300	11,845	6,080	5,450	320	220	240	324,910
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	57,165	2,555	2,480	1,310	1,105	60	20	50	54,615
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate, no postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	49,440	2,180	2,110	1,145	905	50	15	55	47,260
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate, with postsecondary certificate or diploma^{Census data footnote 46}	7,725	375	375	165	200	0	0	0	7,350
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate	280,045	9,745	9,365	4,765	4,340	260	200	180	270,295
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate, no postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	85,440	3,165	3,030	1,645	1,325	65	80	60	82,270
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate, with postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 47}	194,610	6,580	6,335	3,125	3,015	200	120	125	188,030
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	337,210	12,300	11,850	6,080	5,450	320	220	235	324,910
No certificate, diploma or degree	49,440	2,180	2,110	1,145	910	50	20	55	47,260
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 49}	85,440	3,165	3,035	1,645	1,325	65	75	55	82,270
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	26,270	1,185	1,125	555	535	35	25	35	25,085
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 50}	14,480	740	705	355	335	20	25	10	13,740
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 51}	11,790	445	410	200	200	15	10	25	11,345
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	69,975	3,140	3,040	1,550	1,395	100	45	55	66,835
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,855	280	270	145	115	10	10	10	7,575
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	98,235	2,350	2,280	1,035	1,175	65	45	20	95,890
Bachelor's degree	65,785	1,730	1,665	755	865	45	40	25	64,055
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Census data footnote 52}	32,450	620	615	290	310	20	10	0	31,835
Major field of study
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	337,215	12,300	11,845	6,080	5,450	315	220	235	324,915
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 54}	134,875	5,345	5,140	2,795	2,230	115	95	110	129,530
Education	12,640	300	285	125	155	0	0	10	12,340
13. Education	12,645	300	280	120	160	10	10	0	12,345
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	6,780	230	225	110	110	0	0	0	6,550
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,315	50	55	25	25	0	0	0	1,265
50. Visual and performing arts	5,465	180	175	85	90	10	10	0	5,285
Humanities	10,730	330	315	160	150	10	10	0	10,400
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	745	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	735
23. English language and literature/letters	3,225	80	75	45	30	0	10	0	3,145
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,305	80	75	35	40	0	0	10	2,225
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 55}	45	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	40
38. Philosophy and religious studies	715	20	20	0	15	0	0	0	695
39. Theology and religious vocations	855	40	45	25	15	10	0	0	815
54. History	2,255	70	75	35	40	0	0	0	2,185
55. French language and literature/letters	590	15	10	0	10	0	0	0	570
Social and behavioural sciences and law	23,790	840	805	430	340	40	15	25	22,950
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	415	20	20	15	10	0	0	0	400
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,300	75	70	50	20	0	0	10	2,220
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	4,020	170	170	75	90	0	0	10	3,840
22. Legal professions and studies	3,600	160	160	95	55	10	0	0	3,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 56}	395	15	10	0	0	0	0	0	380
42. Psychology	5,035	195	190	90	90	10	0	10	4,840
45. Social sciences	8,030	205	190	105	70	15	10	10	7,825
Business, management and public administration	47,175	1,515	1,480	705	725	45	20	20	45,665
30.16 Accounting and computer science	70	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	70
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,855	150	150	80	60	10	0	0	2,710
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	44,250	1,365	1,325	620	670	40	20	20	42,885
Physical and life sciences and technologies	9,850	210	205	90	110	0	10	0	9,640
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	4,595	115	115	45	70	10	0	0	4,480
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	2,020	65	60	25	40	0	0	0	1,955
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 57}	95	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	100
40. Physical sciences	2,810	25	20	25	0	0	0	0	2,790
41. Science technologies/technicians	325	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	315
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	9,665	300	285	160	100	20	0	20	9,365
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	7,775	275	255	150	85	20	0	20	7,500
25. Library science	700	15	15	0	10	0	0	0	690
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,060	15	15	10	10	0	0	0	1,050
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 58}	130	10	0	0	10	0	0	0	130
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	37,890	1,505	1,435	705	680	45	45	30	36,385
04. Architecture and related services	960	20	20	10	10	0	0	0	940
14. Engineering	7,835	145	140	65	70	10	0	0	7,685
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	8,515	375	365	165	190	0	0	10	8,140
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	8,735	400	390	200	185	10	10	0	8,330
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	8,060	390	370	170	180	20	10	10	7,665
48. Precision production	3,780	170	145	95	50	0	15	10	3,610
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,230	50	50	35	15	0	0	0	2,180
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,030	25	25	15	0	0	0	0	1,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,200	25	30	15	10	0	0	0	1,170
Health and related fields	28,890	975	940	425	500	15	15	15	27,920
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,905	60	60	25	35	0	0	0	1,840
51. Health professions and related programs	26,040	910	880	405	465	10	10	15	25,135
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	950	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	945
Personal, protective and transportation services	12,650	690	675	345	315	15	10	10	11,960
12. Personal and culinary services	7,160	385	375	205	160	10	0	10	6,775
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	185	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	180
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	520	30	30	15	15	0	0	0	485
43. Security and protective services	2,025	120	115	65	50	0	0	0	1,905
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,770	155	150	60	90	0	0	0	2,610
Other	40	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	35
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	40	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	30
Labour force status
Total - Labour force status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% Sample data^{Census data footnote 59}	337,210	12,300	11,845	6,080	5,445	320	220	235	324,915
In the labour force	225,940	8,625	8,310	4,195	3,880	230	160	150	217,315
Employed	209,420	7,695	7,415	3,715	3,490	210	150	125	201,730
Unemployed	16,515	930	890	480	390	25	15	20	15,585
Not in the labour force	111,275	3,680	3,540	1,885	1,570	85	55	85	107,595
Participation rate	67.0	70.1	70.2	69.0	71.3	71.9	72.7	63.8	66.9
Employment rate	62.1	62.6	62.6	61.1	64.1	65.6	68.2	53.2	62.1
Unemployment rate	7.3	10.8	10.7	11.4	10.1	10.9	9.4	13.3	7.2
Class of worker
Total - Class of worker for the labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 60}	225,940	8,620	8,310	4,195	3,880	235	160	150	217,315
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 61}	4,080	255	255	165	85	0	0	0	3,820
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 62}	221,865	8,370	8,050	4,030	3,790	230	165	150	213,495
Employee	201,655	7,790	7,515	3,775	3,520	215	150	120	193,855
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 63}	20,210	575	535	250	270	10	15	30	19,640
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Work activity during the reference year for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 64}	337,210	12,300	11,850	6,080	5,450	320	220	235	324,910
Did not work^{Census data footnote 65}	102,095	3,395	3,270	1,775	1,415	80	45	75	98,705
Worked	235,115	8,910	8,575	4,305	4,035	240	170	160	226,210
Worked full time^{Census data footnote 66}	182,980	6,900	6,660	3,340	3,145	175	130	110	176,080
1 to 13 weeks	7,075	425	425	215	215	0	10	0	6,645
14 to 26 weeks	12,285	505	480	275	200	0	10	15	11,785
27 to 39 weeks	10,035	455	445	240	200	0	0	0	9,575
40 to 48 weeks	24,780	920	890	455	395	35	20	10	23,855
49 to 52 weeks	128,815	4,595	4,420	2,165	2,130	125	95	75	124,220
Worked part time^{Census data footnote 67}	52,140	2,005	1,915	960	885	70	40	55	50,130
1 to 13 weeks	10,280	505	475	245	220	10	15	15	9,775
14 to 26 weeks	10,150	375	360	170	165	20	10	0	9,770
27 to 39 weeks	6,145	220	210	135	75	0	10	0	5,935
40 to 48 weeks	8,090	295	280	145	130	10	0	10	7,800
49 to 52 weeks	17,465	620	590	270	295	25	15	20	16,850
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	41.7	41.7	41.2	42.0	44.6	41.9	41.0	43.2
Occupation
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - for the labour force population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	225,945	8,625	8,310	4,195	3,880	235	165	155	217,320
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 69}	4,080	255	255	165	85	10	0	0	3,820
All occupations^{Census data footnote 70}	221,860	8,365	8,050	4,030	3,790	230	165	155	213,500
0 Management occupations	24,335	690	670	330	335	10	20	10	23,640
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	36,725	1,425	1,380	665	675	45	15	25	35,300
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	17,555	535	535	275	230	30	0	0	17,020
3 Health occupations	17,440	565	555	255	290	10	10	10	16,870
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	30,395	1,135	1,100	600	470	35	15	20	29,255
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	7,555	220	210	115	95	0	0	0	7,335
6 Sales and service occupations	55,165	2,430	2,320	1,150	1,100	70	75	35	52,735
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	26,175	1,065	995	525	445	25	30	45	25,110
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,740	120	110	20	85	0	10	0	2,620
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,785	180	175	100	70	15	0	0	3,615
Industry
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the labour Force population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 71}	225,940	8,620	8,305	4,195	3,880	235	165	150	217,320
Industry - NAICS 2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 72}	4,080	260	260	165	90	10	0	0	3,820
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 73}	221,860	8,365	8,050	4,030	3,790	230	165	155	213,500
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,445	75	70	15	50	0	0	0	1,375
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,115	50	45	25	25	0	0	0	1,070
22 Utilities	1,595	65	60	20	30	0	0	0	1,530
23 Construction	13,815	540	520	290	205	25	10	15	13,275
31-33 Manufacturing	10,005	400	390	210	170	10	0	0	9,610
41 Wholesale trade	7,070	225	215	80	130	10	0	10	6,840
44-45 Retail trade	26,560	1,090	1,025	475	515	40	50	10	25,470
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10,025	320	305	150	145	10	0	10	9,705
51 Information and cultural industries	6,325	205	205	95	105	10	0	0	6,110
52 Finance and insurance	10,370	325	305	150	145	10	15	10	10,040
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	4,390	145	135	60	60	10	0	10	4,245
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	17,540	510	505	245	255	0	0	10	17,030
55 Management of companies and enterprises	230	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	230
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	11,680	480	470	270	190	15	0	10	11,210
61 Educational services	17,530	465	460	235	215	15	0	0	17,070
62 Health care and social assistance	28,995	1,085	1,055	565	470	25	15	15	27,905
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	4,835	160	150	70	85	0	10	10	4,675
72 Accommodation and food services	16,125	665	650	350	285	15	0	10	15,460
81 Other services (except public administration)	8,845	375	340	175	165	0	10	30	8,475
91 Public administration	23,365	1,200	1,145	545	565	35	30	20	22,160
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 74}	209,420	7,695	7,415	3,710	3,495	215	150	125	201,735
Worked at home	13,585	445	430	215	210	0	0	10	13,135
Worked outside Canada	1,040	20	20	10	10	0	0	0	1,020
No fixed workplace address	22,215	885	850	430	400	20	25	10	21,335
Worked at usual place	172,585	6,345	6,115	3,055	2,865	190	120	115	166,240
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	172,585	6,345	6,110	3,055	2,865	190	120	110	166,235
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	166,460	6,055	5,850	2,900	2,760	190	105	100	160,400
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	155	30	25	20	0	0	0	0	125
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,150	170	145	90	55	0	20	10	3,985
Commute to a different province or territory	1,820	95	90	45	45	0	0	0	1,725
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 75}	194,805	7,225	6,965	3,485	3,265	210	145	120	187,575
Car, truck, van - as a driver	137,130	5,020	4,825	2,355	2,335	135	115	85	132,105
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	14,270	585	540	300	220	20	20	25	13,685
Public transit	22,975	950	940	505	390	40	0	0	22,025
Walked	15,935	525	515	245	250	20	0	10	15,405
Bicycle	1,965	70	70	40	35	0	0	0	1,890
Other method	2,535	75	80	40	40	0	0	0	2,455
Language used at work
Total - Language used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 76}	241,390	9,135	8,800	4,430	4,125	240	170	165	232,255
Official languages	240,940	9,135	8,800	4,430	4,125	235	170	165	231,805
English	240,465	9,125	8,785	4,425	4,120	240	170	165	231,340
French	9,660	585	570	200	365	0	15	10	9,075
Non-official languages	3,345	55	55	35	20	0	0	0	3,295
Aboriginal languages	35	30	30	30	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	30	30	30	30	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	30	25	30	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	25	25	25	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,310	25	25	0	20	0	0	0	3,290
Income statistics in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 77}	337,210	12,300	11,845	6,080	5,450	320	220	235	324,910
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	324,115	11,670	11,245	5,755	5,190	305	205	220	312,445
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,950	30,519	30,584	28,953	32,342	34,219	29,577	28,911	36,149
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,429	38,535	38,554	36,534	40,744	39,427	38,746	37,396	46,724
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	324,225	11,670	11,250	5,755	5,190	300	205	215	312,550
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,662	27,910	27,998	26,110	28,870	31,308	27,670	25,830	31,832
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,503	32,197	32,222	30,770	33,760	33,444	32,264	30,878	37,701
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	293,715	10,320	9,950	5,015	4,650	280	195	185	283,400
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,936	30,195	30,217	29,212	31,141	31,900	27,255	32,578	35,103
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,941	38,444	38,474	36,913	40,250	36,917	37,026	38,344	46,214
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	224,080	8,450	8,145	4,140	3,755	245	150	155	215,635
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,409	3,118	3,055	2,871	3,282	3,136	4,054	5,142	4,474
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,938	6,255	6,240	6,071	6,427	6,204	5,716	7,593	6,964
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	243,395	9,270	8,940	4,550	4,155	240	170	160	234,125
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,332	30,056	30,167	28,711	31,882	31,368	24,728	32,580	34,510
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,079	37,412	37,465	36,046	39,050	36,900	32,094	40,298	44,343
Employment income statistics
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 78}	337,215	12,300	11,845	6,080	5,445	315	220	235	324,910
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	125,075	4,495	4,325	2,110	2,095	115	95	75	120,585
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 80}	51,704	46,362	46,491	43,488	49,597	45,949	43,913	40,485	51,899
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 81}	61,471	53,035	53,120	51,410	55,017	49,993	47,412	55,193	61,786
Composition of total income in 2015
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 82}	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 83}	89.7	88.3	88.3	88.0	88.7	86.0	90.9	86.2	89.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 84}	71.3	77.1	77.3	77.9	76.7	73.6	69.0	75.9	71.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 85}	10.3	11.8	11.7	12.0	11.4	12.6	10.8	14.6	10.3
Total income groups in 2015
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 86}	337,215	12,305	11,850	6,080	5,450	320	220	235	324,910
Without total income	13,100	630	600	325	260	15	15	20	12,470
With total income	324,110	11,670	11,245	5,755	5,190	305	205	220	312,440
Percentage with total income	96.1	94.8	94.9	94.7	95.2	95.3	93.2	93.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	44,945	1,980	1,920	1,090	805	30	30	30	42,965
$10,000 to $19,999	49,840	2,125	2,045	1,110	890	45	30	55	47,715
$20,000 to $29,999	43,270	1,630	1,555	765	740	45	50	25	41,645
$30,000 to $39,999	39,975	1,455	1,405	740	620	50	15	35	38,525
$40,000 to $49,999	34,910	1,200	1,165	570	560	35	25	15	33,710
$50,000 to $59,999	27,385	835	790	335	425	35	20	25	26,545
$60,000 to $69,999	20,555	680	665	320	320	30	10	10	19,870
$70,000 to $79,999	17,575	545	525	255	275	0	10	10	17,025
$80,000 to $89,999	13,655	415	395	215	175	15	10	10	13,245
$90,000 to $99,999	8,500	285	280	160	115	0	0	0	8,215
$100,000 and over	23,500	515	495	205	275	15	0	10	22,985
$100,000 to $149,999	16,010	395	385	165	210	10	10	0	15,615
$150,000 and over	7,490	120	115	45	65	0	10	0	7,370
After-tax income groups in 2015
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	337,215	12,300	11,850	6,080	5,445	320	220	235	324,910
Without after-tax income	12,985	625	600	325	255	15	15	15	12,360
With after-tax income	324,225	11,675	11,250	5,760	5,190	300	205	220	312,550
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	94.9	94.9	94.7	95.3	93.8	93.2	93.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	47,180	2,015	1,955	1,110	815	30	30	35	45,170
$10,000 to $19,999	53,025	2,255	2,150	1,160	945	50	35	70	50,770
$20,000 to $29,999	52,955	2,055	1,965	965	930	70	55	35	50,900
$30,000 to $39,999	50,385	1,755	1,710	880	770	55	20	20	48,630
$40,000 to $49,999	39,630	1,230	1,170	525	605	40	30	20	38,400
$50,000 to $59,999	28,340	930	900	395	485	20	0	15	27,415
$60,000 to $69,999	20,725	640	615	345	260	15	0	15	20,085
$70,000 to $79,999	11,520	360	350	175	160	10	10	0	11,150
$80,000 and over	20,470	435	425	190	225	10	10	10	20,030
$80,000 to $89,999	6,445	180	175	75	95	10	0	10	6,265
$90,000 to $99,999	3,970	60	65	35	35	0	0	0	3,905
$100,000 and over	10,055	190	185	85	100	0	0	10	9,865
Employment income groups in 2015
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 88}	337,210	12,305	11,845	6,080	5,445	315	220	235	324,910
Without employment income	93,815	3,030	2,905	1,530	1,295	80	45	80	90,785
With employment income	243,395	9,270	8,945	4,545	4,155	240	170	160	234,125
Percentage with employment income	72.2	75.3	75.5	74.8	76.3	76.2	77.3	68.1	72.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	30,810	1,415	1,365	685	635	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	29,400
$5,000 to $9,999	19,490	795	765	425	345	0	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	18,695
$10,000 to $19,999	31,760	1,315	1,270	665	570	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30,440
$20,000 to $29,999	28,300	1,100	1,055	585	440	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	27,200
$30,000 to $39,999	27,045	1,040	1,000	570	395	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	26,000
$40,000 to $49,999	23,980	895	870	415	440	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	23,080
$50,000 to $59,999	18,460	695	660	245	380	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	17,765
$60,000 to $69,999	15,035	565	540	280	245	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	14,470
$70,000 to $79,999	13,815	500	485	210	275	0	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	13,315
$80,000 and over	34,700	945	920	465	425	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	33,755
$80,000 to $89,999	11,065	330	320	185	125	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10,745
$90,000 to $99,999	6,695	245	240	110	120	0	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	6,445
$100,000 and over	16,940	370	355	170	180	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	16,565
Income statistics in 2015 for economic families
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 89}	113,240	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,276	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	106,483	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,061	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,542	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	47,645	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,346	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,899	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,145	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,264	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	44,710	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,854	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	132,993	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,130	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,727	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	17,490	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,570	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,771	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,035	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,451	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for persons
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 90}	75,885	2,670	2,575	1,380	1,110	85	45	50	73,215
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 91}	31,548	26,908	26,306	24,503	29,581	32,025	46,045	23,881	31,705
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 92}	39,406	34,488	34,142	31,945	36,932	33,337	62,254	27,401	39,585
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 93}	28,312	24,539	24,413	22,443	26,433	27,545	37,597	23,753	28,424
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 94}	32,585	29,003	28,775	27,211	30,761	28,195	47,318	24,345	32,715
Economic family income decile group
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	397,635	15,815	15,270	7,955	6,910	405	275	270	381,820
In the bottom half of the distribution	201,165	9,170	8,855	4,840	3,785	235	170	140	191,990
In the bottom decile	45,350	2,335	2,270	1,335	895	40	40	25	43,015
In the second decile	36,435	1,710	1,655	900	700	50	20	35	34,730
In the third decile	38,015	1,760	1,680	910	700	60	40	40	36,255
In the fourth decile	40,025	1,710	1,670	805	825	40	20	20	38,315
In the fifth decile	41,340	1,665	1,590	885	665	40	50	30	39,680
In the top half of the distribution	196,470	6,645	6,410	3,115	3,130	170	105	125	189,825
In the sixth decile	40,990	1,375	1,355	660	640	50	15	10	39,615
In the seventh decile	43,525	1,710	1,605	810	780	20	30	70	41,820
In the eighth decile	42,145	1,605	1,555	755	765	35	45	10	40,540
In the ninth decile	38,450	1,275	1,235	565	630	40	15	25	37,170
In the top decile	31,360	680	660	325	310	20	10	20	30,680
Low-income status in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 96}	397,395	15,730	15,195	7,880	6,905	405	275	265	381,660
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	58,835	2,970	2,890	1,645	1,155	90	30	45	55,870
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.8	18.9	19.0	20.9	16.7	22.2	10.9	17.0	14.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	38,215	1,800	1,760	1,055	665	40	20	20	36,415
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.6	11.4	11.6	13.4	9.6	9.9	7.3	7.5	9.5

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

F

too unreliable to be published

Note(s):

Footnote 1

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 2

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 3

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 4

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 5

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 6

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit), but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 7

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 8

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family; Stepfamily status of couple family with children; and Relationship structure of stepfamily.

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Footnote 9

One or more grandparents of the child may also be present in the household.

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Footnote 10

In an intact family, all children are the biological or adopted children of both persons in the couple. This category also includes children living in census families for whom it cannot be determined whether it is an intact family or a stepfamily.

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Footnote 11

In a complex stepfamily, some or all of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 12

In a simple stepfamily, none of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 13

In a complex stepfamily, some or all of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 14

One or more grandparents of the child may also be present in the household.

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Footnote 15

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 17

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 19

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 23

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 25

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 26

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry in the census. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 27

In the Census of Population, some respondents may choose to provide very specific Aboriginal ancestries, while other respondents may choose to give more general responses. This means that two respondents with the same ancestry could have different response patterns and thus could be counted as having different Aboriginal ancestries. For example, one respondent may report 'First Nations' ethnic origin while another respondent, with a similar ancestral background, may report 'Ojibway' or 'Anishinaabe' ancestry; one respondent may report 'North American Indian' while another, similar respondent, may report 'Coast Salish' or 'Cowichan.' As a result, Aboriginal ancestry data are fluid, and counts for specific origins may seem different than initially expected. Users who wish to obtain broader response counts may wish to combine data for one or more ancestries together.

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Footnote 28

Includes general responses indicating Anishinaabe ancestry (e.g., 'Anishinaabe') as well as more specific responses indicating Anishinaabe ancestry (e.g., 'Nipissing').

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Footnote 29

Includes general responses indicating Blackfoot ancestry (e.g., 'Blackfoot') as well as more specific responses indicating Blackfoot ancestry (e.g., 'Siksika,' 'Piikani').

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Footnote 30

Includes general responses indicating Dene ancestry (e.g., 'Dene').

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Footnote 31

Includes general responses indicating Iroquois ancestry (e.g., 'Iroquois,' 'Haudenosaunee') as well as more specific responses indicating Iroquois origins (e.g., 'Seneca,' 'Onondaga,' 'Tuscarora').

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Footnote 32

Includes general responses indicating Salish ancestry (e.g., 'Salish') as well as more specific responses indicating Salish ancestry (e.g., 'Coast Salish,' 'Interior Salish,' 'K'omoks,' 'Saanich').

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Footnote 33

Includes general responses indicating Sioux ancestry (e.g., 'Sioux').

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Footnote 34

Includes general responses indicating Tutchone ancestry (e.g., 'Tutchone') as well as more specific responses indicating Tutchone ancestry (e.g., 'Northern Tutchone,' 'Southern Tutchone').

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Footnote 35

Includes general responses indicating First Nations ancestry (e.g., 'First Nations,' 'North American Indian') as well as more specific responses indicating First Nations ancestry that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Passamaquoddy,' 'Crow,' 'Cheyenne,' 'Athabascan').

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Footnote 36

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 37

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

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Footnote 38

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 39

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Footnote 40

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 44

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 45

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate,' available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 46

Here, 'postsecondary certificate or diploma' includes the categories 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' and 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma.'

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Footnote 47

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 48

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree,' available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 49

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 50

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 51

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 52

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 53

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 54

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 55

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 56

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 57

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 58

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 59

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called 'labour force activity.'

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Footnote 60

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 61

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 62

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 63

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 64

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 65

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015, persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 66

Full time is 30 hours or more per week.

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Footnote 67

Part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 68

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 69

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 70

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016 were employed, and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 71

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 72

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 73

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 74

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 75

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 76

The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 77

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 78

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 79

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 81

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 82

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 83

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 84

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 85

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 86

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 87

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 90

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 91

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 92

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 93

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 94

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 95

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 96

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2018. Halifax, CTY [Census division], Nova Scotia (table). Aboriginal Population Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-510-X2016001. Ottawa. Released July 18, 2018.
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/abpopprof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2019-06-19

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Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Halifax, County [Census division], Nova Scotia

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Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Halifax, County [Census division], Nova Scotia